Machine learning in infectious diseases: potential applications and limitations.

Infectious diseases are a major threat for human and animal health worldwide. Artificial Intelligence (AI) combined algorithms including Machine Learning and Big Data analytics have emerged as a potential solution to analyse diverse datasets and face challenges posed by infectious diseases. In this commentary we explore the potential applications and limitations of ML to management of infectious disease. It explores challenges in key areas such as outbreak prediction, pathogen identification, drug discovery, and personalized medicine. We propose potential solutions to mitigate these hurdles and applications of ML to identify biomolecules for effective treatment and prevention of infectious diseases. In addition to use of ML for management of infectious diseases, potential applications are based on catastrophic evolution events for the identification of biomolecular targets to reduce risks for infectious diseases and vaccinomics for discovery and characterization of vaccine protective antigens using intelligent Big Data analytics techniques. These considerations set a foundation for developing effective strategies for managing infectious diseases in the future.

Infectious diseases are a major challenge worldwideArtificial Intelligence (AI) combined algorithms have emerged as a potential solution to analyse diverse datasets and face challenges posed by infectious diseasesFuture directions include applications of ML to identify biomolecules for effective treatment and prevention of infectious diseases.

Bridging the gap: The future of biosimilars regulations.

Biosimilar vaccines and immunotherapeutic are innovative approaches in medical research. This commentary addresses the current disparities in regulations of biosimilar vaccines and immunotherapeutic products across different nations. It also navigates the benefits of global regulatory alignment and challenges that may be encountered. The current discrepancies in regulations across different countries, which pose significant challenges for the development and approval of biosimilar vaccines and immunotherapeutic products. These disparities often lead to delayed market access, increased development costs, and hindered innovation. The commentary stresses that such obstacles could be mitigated through harmonized regulations, resulting in faster approvals, reduced healthcare costs, and improved patient outcomes. Moreover, the commentary explores the specific complexities associated with biosimilar vaccines and immunotherapeutic, such as the intricate evaluation of biosimilarity due to their molecular composition and immunogenic properties. In conclusion, the editorial advocates for collaborative efforts to overcome the challenges in achieving global regulatory harmonization for biosimilars. This includes establishing uniform standards, fostering international cooperation among regulatory agencies, and promoting educational initiatives for healthcare providers and regulators. The ultimate goal is to ensure that patients worldwide have timely access to safe, effective, and affordable biosimilar treatments.

Decoding treatment efficacy: uncovering response and failure dynamics to biologics in asthma.

INTRODUCTION: Asthma is a global health problem, with alarming prevalence and mortality rates. Biologic therapies, particularly monoclonal antibodies such as omalizumab, have emerged as promising alternatives, targeting specific immune pathways. This article assesses the efficacy of these biologics in asthma management and attempts to reveal factors associated with their response and failure dynamics. AREA COVERED: This article explores the efficacy of biologics in asthma, biomarkers, and the relationship between asthma phenotypes (including eosinophilic and non-eosinophilic (neutrophilic) types) and biologic treatments; particularly their effectiveness for each subtype. EXPERT OPINION: Personalized asthma management that incorporates molecular insights as well as individual variations is of outmost necessity. An emphasis is put on immunological profiling, understanding comorbidities and considering individual patient factors when managing asthma. Cutting-edge phenotyping tools including omic technologies play a crucial role in improving asthma management precision. Variability in patient responses to biologic treatments such as non-responders, partial responders and super responders poses a formidable challenge to effective asthma care management strategies.

Short and long-term economic implications of biosimilars.

INTRODUCTION: Biosimilars are gaining popularity due to their ability to offer comparable therapeutic benefits at potentially lower costs. AREAS COVERED: This article analyses studies that compare the cost savings of biosimilars with biologics. It also explores market competition dynamics and the impact of policies in countries. The focus is on the advantages of biosimilars in oncology and rheumatological treatments while considering broader economic implications for the pharmaceutical industry such as market displacement, pricing strategies and their influence on innovation and healthcare sustainability. EXPERT OPINION: The introduction of biosimilars marks a shift in healthcare economics by offering cost reductions and long-term potential for economic balance. However, I also recognize challenges related to research methodologies and regulatory inconsistencies across countries. To fully capitalize on their potential, future research and development in the field of biosimilars must emphasize harmonized approaches and comprehensive studies that ensure both cost containment in healthcare and wider access, to high quality treatments.