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1.
Psychopharmacol Bull ; 54(3): 97-99, 2024 Jul 08.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38993658

RESUMEN

NTX is FDA-approved for opiate and alcohol use disorders as anti-craving agent. It has been used successfully off-label in other psychiatric indications. Here, we shed some light on these while examining the extant evidence.


Asunto(s)
Naltrexona , Antagonistas de Narcóticos , Animales , Humanos , Alcoholismo/tratamiento farmacológico , Ansia/efectos de los fármacos , Naltrexona/administración & dosificación , Naltrexona/farmacología , Naltrexona/uso terapéutico , Antagonistas de Narcóticos/administración & dosificación , Antagonistas de Narcóticos/farmacología , Uso Fuera de lo Indicado , Trastornos Relacionados con Opioides/tratamiento farmacológico , Psicofarmacología
2.
Asian J Psychiatr ; 99: 104162, 2024 Jul 17.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39032223

RESUMEN

Diagnostic confusion commonly arises when assessing for social communicative dysfunction. Clinicians are tasked to differentiate ASD, social pragmatic disorder and developmental language disorders, which can be difficult to contemplate on clinical grounds. Here, authors provide some helpful clinical tips to tease it out.

6.
Psychopharmacol Bull ; 54(1): 40-42, 2024 Mar 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38449476

RESUMEN

Here, authors report on an interesting case of early-onset of schizophrenia where adjunctive pregabalin alleviated risperidone-induced pseudoparkinsonism, helped with insomnia and agitation and boosted antipsychotic response with great tolerability. We wager that gabapentenoids can be a viable option in the niche of psychopharmacotherapy of schizophrenia in CAP population.


Asunto(s)
Antipsicóticos , Esquizofrenia , Adolescente , Humanos , Risperidona/efectos adversos , Antipsicóticos/efectos adversos , Esquizofrenia/tratamiento farmacológico , Pregabalina/uso terapéutico
7.
JMIR Res Protoc ; 13: e53728, 2024 Mar 05.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38441919

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a prevalent nonprogressive disorder that leads to impaired movement (ie, spasticity), posture, and balance, which affects functions such as walking and upper extremity tasks. Current medical treatments show efficacy in improving motor performance but have considerable side effects. Emerging off-label use of central nervous system (CNS) medications for improving motor performance has shown promising results in children with CP and other populations. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to describe a protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) to examine the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of methylphenidate (MPH) and modafinil on spasticity and motor performance in children with CP. METHODS: This will be a protocol study for a pilot, triple-masked, placebo-controlled RCT (a class I trial following the American Academy of Neurology criteria) with blinded patients, outcome assessors, and intervention delivery team. Eligible children should be diagnosed with CP levels I or II based on the Gross Motor Function Classification System and be aged between 7 and 12 years. Thirty-six children with CP will be randomized into 3 groups to receive (1) MPH (2.5 mg of MPH + 100 mg placebo), (2) modafinil (100 mg modafinil + 2.5 mg placebo), or (3) a placebo (2.5 mg placebo + 100 mg placebo), in addition to physical therapy for 12 weeks. Primary outcomes include the Gross Motor Function Measure-66 and the Modified Ashworth Scale. Secondary outcomes include the Timed Up and Go test, 5 Time Sit to Stand test, Modified Clinical Test for Sensory Interaction of Balance, and 10-Meter Walk Test. RESULTS: The protocol has been accepted by Kuwait University (VDR/EC-225) and the Ministry of Health of Kuwait (2022/2157). The inclusion of participants will start in June 2024. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of CNS stimulant medications and controlling for rehabilitation has not been studied yet. The findings of this study may determine if using CNS stimulant medications is beneficial for the reduction of spasticity and improvement of physical function in children with spastic CP. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05675098; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05675098. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): PRR1-10.2196/53728.

8.
Front Psychiatry ; 15: 1322745, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38410676

RESUMEN

Introduction: Investigating the epidemiology of mental health disorders resulting from COVID-19 intervention measures, primary school closures, and social isolation in children and adolescents needs to be prioritized over adults at the post-pandemic stage. Most preliminary psychosocial studies conducted during the pandemic have demonstrated that younger age groups are the most vulnerable to such implications. Thus, this study aims to estimate the probable prevalence of specific anxiety disorders in children and quantify their relationships with relevant demographic risk factors. Methods: We used a cross-sectional study comprising 430 children aged between 8- and 18 years old living in Kuwait during the period of school closures as well as full and partial lockdowns. The survey included questions about participants' characteristics, children's anxiety using the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders Questionnaire (SCARED) scale, and children's emotions and behaviours using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to summarize the demographic and characteristics of the participants and their association with general, social, and generalized anxieties, as well as behavioural and emotional difficulties. Results: We inferred that 24.83% of our participants had at least one anxiety disorder, while 20.19% were classified as abnormal on the SDQ scale. Our multivariate analysis revealed that lockdown duration and sex of the child were consistently significant predictors (p-values < 0.05) of the broad spectrum of selected mental disorders. Additionally, we inferred notable increases in the likelihood of mental disorders associated with the increased duration of lockdowns. Conclusions: Our findings revealed preliminary insights into the vulnerability of young populations to the indirect negative impacts of strict public health measures during pandemic emergencies. Thus, authorities should consider such implications when planning and implementing similar interventions in future pandemics.

10.
Am J Ther ; 2023 Oct 16.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38091263
11.
Psychopharmacol Bull ; 53(4): 54-56, 2023 Dec 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38076664

RESUMEN

Though research in juvenile depression is advancing, evidence examining effective treatments for Treatment-resistant juvenile depression remains at large limited. There is a dire need for more studies to help guide clinicians navigating these challenging cases.


Asunto(s)
Depresión , Trastorno Depresivo Resistente al Tratamiento , Humanos , Depresión/tratamiento farmacológico , Trastorno Depresivo Resistente al Tratamiento/tratamiento farmacológico , Resultado del Tratamiento
12.
Psychopharmacol Bull ; 53(4): 57-59, 2023 Dec 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38076666

RESUMEN

A renewed interest in the use of ß-blockers for neurodevelopmental disorders has recently resurfaced, notably as an addition to the limited psychopharmacological armamentarium of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). In this clinical perspective, authors decently argue this use could be advantageous and multi-folded for this population.


Asunto(s)
Trastorno del Espectro Autista , Trastorno Autístico , Humanos , Trastorno Autístico/tratamiento farmacológico , Trastorno del Espectro Autista/tratamiento farmacológico
15.
Psychopharmacol Bull ; 53(3): 66-68, 2023 08 11.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37601081

RESUMEN

Authors report on an interesting case of a teenager with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and comorbid generalized anxiety disorder, who developed takotsubo cardiomyopathy subsequent to pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions between atomoxetine, a selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, and the antidepressant duloxetine. Clinicians should be mindful of the potential for cardiovascular adverse effects when prescribing agents that target noradrenergic receptors.


Asunto(s)
Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad , Cardiomiopatía de Takotsubo , Adolescente , Humanos , Clorhidrato de Atomoxetina/efectos adversos , Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad/tratamiento farmacológico , Clorhidrato de Duloxetina/efectos adversos , Cardiomiopatía de Takotsubo/inducido químicamente , Comorbilidad
16.
Asian J Psychiatr ; 87: 103684, 2023 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37379646

RESUMEN

As of June 2023, (US) FDA has granted approval for a number of psychotropic drugs on market that might usher an innovative sparkle in psychopharmacotherapy. This is a recap to update busy clinicians.


Asunto(s)
Aprobación de Drogas , Psicotrópicos , Estados Unidos , Humanos , Psicotrópicos/uso terapéutico , United States Food and Drug Administration
19.
Psychopharmacol Bull ; 53(1): 46-54, 2023 02 28.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36873919

RESUMEN

Objectives: Literature on ADHD has taken long strides recently as heaps of new data are pouring in through countless papers. Here, authors try to outline changing paradigms in ADHD practice. DSM-5 changes regarding the typology and diagnostic criteria are highlighted. Overview of co-morbidities, associations, developmental trajectories, and syndromic continuity across lifespan is outlined. Recent insights into aetiology and diagnostic tools are briefly discussed. New medications in the pipeline are also described. Methods: EMBASE, Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Database of Systemic Reviews were searched for all relevant updates in ADHD literature as of June, 2022. Results: DSM-5 brought about changes to the diagnostic criteria of ADHD. These included replacing types with presentations, pushing age to 12, and, incorporating adult diagnostic criteria. In the same vein, DSM-5 allows now for diagnosing concurrent ADHD and ASD. Associations of ADHD to allergy, obesity, sleep disorders, and, epilepsy have been demonstrated in recent literature. Neurocircuity underlying ADHD has been extended beyond frontal-striatal to include CTC as well as DMN accounting for ADHD heterogeneity. NEBA was FDA-approved to differentiate ADHD from hyperkinetic ID. Atypical antipsychotics use to address behavioural facets in ADHD is on the rise with no solid evidence-base. α-2 agonists are FDA-approved as monotherapy or adjunctive to stimulants. Pharmacogenetic testing is readily available for ADHD. Different formulations of stimulants abound on the market widening clinicians' repertoire. Stimulant-related exacerbation of anxiety and tics were challenged in recent studies. Drugs for ADHD in the pipeline include-dasotraline, armodafinil, tipepidine, edivoxetine, metadoxine, and memantine. Conclusions: Literature on ADHD keeps expanding towards advancing our understanding of the complex and heterogeneous intricacies of this commonplace neurodevelopmental disorder and hence informing better decisions on how best to manage its diverse cognitive, behavioural, social and medical facets.


Asunto(s)
Antipsicóticos , Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad , Estimulantes del Sistema Nervioso Central , Adulto , Humanos , Niño , Ansiedad , Trastornos de Ansiedad
20.
Psychopharmacol Bull ; 53(1): 8-18, 2023 02 28.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36873921

RESUMEN

Objective: There is an increased risk for depression in the offspring of depressed parents. This is in part mediated by maladaptive parenting. Females are more vulnerable to parenting behavior and were found to be at increased risk of depression compared to male offspring of depressed parents. Previous work suggested a reduced risk for depression in the offspring of parents with remitted depression. Offspring gender differences in this association were rarely considered. Here, we are examining the hypothesis that female offspring are more likely to benefit from treating parental depression using data from the U.S. National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R). Method: The NCS-R is a nationally representative household survey of adults 18 years and older carried out between February 2001 and April 2003. The World Health Organization World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostic Interview (WHO WMH-CIDI) was used to assess DSM-IV Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Multiple logistic regressions were used to assess the association between parental treatment and offspring risk for MDD. An interaction term was added to study the effect of offspring's gender on this risk. Results: The age-adjusted odds ratio for treatment of parental depression was 1.15 (95% CI: 0.78, 1.72). There was no effect modification by gender (p = 0.42). Surprisingly, treatment of parental depression did not reduce their offspring's risk for depression. Conclusion: Gender of the offspring had no effect on the risk of depression in the adult offspring of treated versus untreated depressed parents. A focus on mediators like parenting behavior and its gender specific effect needs to be explored in future studies.


Asunto(s)
Depresión , Trastorno Depresivo Mayor , Adulto , Humanos , Femenino , Masculino , Manual Diagnóstico y Estadístico de los Trastornos Mentales , Salud Mental , Padres
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