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1.
SEMERGEN, Soc. Esp. Med. Rural Gen. (Ed. Impr.) ; 46(2): 81-89, mar. 2020. tab, graf
Artículo en Español | IBECS | ID: ibc-195626

RESUMEN

OBJETIVO: Determinar los valores de punto de corte óptimos para la determinación de la presión arterial en consulta (PAC) como prueba de seguimiento en la consulta de Atención Primaria (AP). MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: A 153 hipertensos menores de 80años que cumplieran con criterios de inclusión y exclusión se les realizó una monitorización ambulatoria de su presión arterial durante 24h (MAPA), tras lo cual se obtuvieron dos medidas de PAC. Con los registros obtenidos de PAC, y tomándose la MAPA como referencia, se procedió a realizar la curva ROC para elegir el punto de corte óptimo. El acuerdo entre ambas mediciones fue determinado por el coeficiente de correlación intraclase y el método de Bland-Altman, tras lo cual se realizó un estudio de validación con el objetivo de diagnosticar el control o no del hipertenso. RESULTADOS: Los valores óptimos de corte fueron 137mmHg para la PA sistólica (sensibilidad: 89,3%; especificidad: 72,2%) y de 84mmHg para la diastólica (sensibilidad: 79,4%; especificidad: 72,3%). El acuerdo en el diagnóstico de control entre PAC y MAPA fue de 58,9% (kappa: 0,418). CONCLUSIÓN: El valor de corte óptimo de la PA diastólica para el seguimiento es menor a las cifras establecidas en la actualidad


AIM: This study seeks to determine the optimal cut-off values for the determination of the blood pressure in the clinic as a follow-up test in Primary Care practice. DESIGN: A total of 153 hypertensive patients under 80years of age who met inclusion and exclusion criteria for the study, were subjected to ambulatory monitoring of their blood pressure for 24hours (ABPM). After which two clinic-based measurements were obtained. With the results obtained from the clinic, and taking the ABMP as a reference, the ROC curve was calculated choose the optimal cut-off point. The agreement between both measurements was determined by the intraclass correlation coefficient and the Bland-Altman equation. A validation study was then carried out with the objective of diagnosing whether or not the hypertensive patient was in control. RESULTS: The optimal cut-off values were 137mmHg for systolic BP (sensitivity: 89.3%; specificity: 72.2%) and 84mmHg for diastolic blood pressure (sensitivity: 79.4%; specificity: 72.3%). The agreement in the diagnosis of control between clinic-based measurement and ABPM was 58.9% (Kappa: 0.418). CONCLUSION: The optimal cut-off value of the diastolic BP for follow-up is lower than the values currently established


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto Joven , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Presión Arterial/fisiología , Monitoreo Ambulatorio de la Presión Arterial/métodos , Hipertensión/diagnóstico , Atención Primaria de Salud/métodos , Estudios Transversales , Sensibilidad y Especificidad
2.
Semergen ; 46(2): 81-89, 2020 Mar.
Artículo en Español | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31791847

RESUMEN

AIM: This study seeks to determine the optimal cut-off values for the determination of the blood pressure in the clinic as a follow-up test in Primary Care practice. DESIGN: A total of 153 hypertensive patients under 80years of age who met inclusion and exclusion criteria for the study, were subjected to ambulatory monitoring of their blood pressure for 24hours (ABPM). After which two clinic-based measurements were obtained. With the results obtained from the clinic, and taking the ABMP as a reference, the ROC curve was calculated choose the optimal cut-off point. The agreement between both measurements was determined by the intraclass correlation coefficient and the Bland-Altman equation. A validation study was then carried out with the objective of diagnosing whether or not the hypertensive patient was in control. RESULTS: The optimal cut-off values were 137mmHg for systolic BP (sensitivity: 89.3%; specificity: 72.2%) and 84mmHg for diastolic blood pressure (sensitivity: 79.4%; specificity: 72.3%). The agreement in the diagnosis of control between clinic-based measurement and ABPM was 58.9% (Kappa: 0.418). CONCLUSION: The optimal cut-off value of the diastolic BP for follow-up is lower than the values currently established.


Asunto(s)
Monitoreo Ambulatorio de la Presión Arterial/métodos , Presión Sanguínea/fisiología , Hipertensión/diagnóstico , Atención Primaria de Salud/métodos , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Adulto Joven
4.
Clin Psychol Psychother ; 23(2): 183-8, 2016.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25801527

RESUMEN

UNLABELLED: The purpose of this study was to adapt the 'Voice and You' Scale (VAY) (Hayward, Denney, Vaughan, & Fowler, 2008) to Spanish and explore its psychometric properties for measuring the perceived relationship with voices. A sample of 50 psychiatric patients with verbal auditory hallucinations (48 had a psychotic disorder and two a borderline personality disorder) was used. Its reliability was calculated using the Cronbach's α and test-retest, and concurrent validity by the Pearson correlation coefficient of the VAY with the Beliefs About Voices Questionnaire and the Psychotic Symptom Rating Scales. The results showed that internal consistency of the Spanish version of the VAY ranged from 0.74 to 0.84 on the various subscales, and test-retest reliability varied from 0.74 to 0.83 on three subscales (voice 'dominance', 'intrusiveness' and hearer 'dependence'), and was lower (0.68) on the hearer 'distance' subscale. Concurrent validity was acceptable as significant associations were found with the Beliefs About Voices Questionnaire and the Psychotic Symptom Rating Scales subscales. It is concluded that the Spanish version of the VAY is a reliable and valid instrument that can assist the exploration of voices within relational frameworks across research and clinical domains. KEY PRACTITIONER MESSAGE: The Spanish version of the VAY is a reliable, valid instrument for evaluating the perception a person can have about his or her relationship with the voices and how the person relates to them. Voices that are perceived as relating dominantly and intrusively, and from whom distance is sought, seem to be distressing and cause disturbance. Voices that are related to dependently are perceived as having benevolent intent and are engaged with. Benevolent or neutral voices may be considered as intrusive because of the intensity and frequency with which they are experienced.


Asunto(s)
Alucinaciones/psicología , Encuestas y Cuestionarios/normas , Traducción , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Trastorno de Personalidad Limítrofe/complicaciones , Trastorno de Personalidad Limítrofe/psicología , Femenino , Alucinaciones/complicaciones , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Escalas de Valoración Psiquiátrica , Psicometría , Trastornos Psicóticos/complicaciones , Trastornos Psicóticos/psicología , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , España , Adulto Joven
5.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother ; 57(11): 5247-57, 2013 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23939894

RESUMEN

We investigated the mechanisms of resistance to carbapenems, aminoglycosides, glycylcyclines, tetracyclines, and quinolones in 90 multiresistant clinical strains of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from two genetically unrelated A. baumannii clones: clone PFGE-ROC-1 (53 strains producing the OXA-58 ß-lactamase enzyme and 18 strains with the OXA-24 ß-lactamase) and clone PFGE-HUI-1 (19 strains susceptible to carbapenems). We used real-time reverse transcriptase PCR to correlate antimicrobial resistance (MICs) with expression of genes encoding chromosomal ß-lactamases (AmpC and OXA-51), porins (OmpA, CarO, Omp33, Dcap-like, OprB, Omp25, OprC, OprD, and OmpW), and proteins integral to six efflux systems (AdeABC, AdeIJK, AdeFGH, CraA, AbeM, and AmvA). Overexpression of the AdeABC system (level of expression relative to that by A. baumannii ATCC 17978, 30- to 45-fold) was significantly associated with resistance to tigecycline, minocycline, and gentamicin and other biological functions. However, hyperexpression of the AdeIJK efflux pump (level of expression relative to that by A. baumannii ATCC 17978, 8- to 10-fold) was significantly associated only with resistance to tigecycline and minocycline (to which the TetB efflux system also contributed). TetB and TetA(39) efflux pumps were detected in clinical strains and were associated with resistance to tetracyclines and doxycycline. The absence of the AdeABC system and the lack of expression of other mechanisms suggest that tigecycline-resistant strains of the PFGE-HUI-1 clone may be associated with a novel resistance-nodulation-cell efflux pump (decreased MICs in the presence of the inhibitor Phe-Arg ß-naphthylamide dihydrochloride) and the TetA(39) system.


Asunto(s)
Transportadoras de Casetes de Unión a ATP/genética , Acinetobacter baumannii/genética , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana Múltiple/genética , Regulación Bacteriana de la Expresión Génica , Porinas/genética , beta-Lactamasas/genética , Transportadoras de Casetes de Unión a ATP/metabolismo , Infecciones por Acinetobacter/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones por Acinetobacter/microbiología , Acinetobacter baumannii/clasificación , Acinetobacter baumannii/efectos de los fármacos , Acinetobacter baumannii/aislamiento & purificación , Aminoglicósidos/farmacología , Carbapenémicos/farmacología , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana Múltiple/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Filogenia , Porinas/metabolismo , Quinolonas/farmacología , Tetraciclinas/farmacología , beta-Lactamasas/metabolismo
6.
J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs ; 20(2): 142-9, 2013 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22295885

RESUMEN

This paper reports on a study examining sexuality in females who remain partnered with male-to-female transsexual persons. Participants' self-view and sexual fluidity following their partners' transition from man to woman is examined. Sixteen females participated in in-depth, semi-structured interviews. An inductive process of data analysis was conducted, using the constant comparative method, an iterative process by which data are compared within and across subjects. Data were collected until thematic saturation was achieved. Four themes related to sexuality emerged: (1) questioning of sexual orientation; (2) sexual orientation categorization; (3) relational fluidity without sexual relations; and (4) relational fluidity with sexual relations. Participants maintained a heterosexual identity, yet modified their self-view to include an identity that reflected their reformed relationship. The majority of the respondents reported sexual lives that were active or evolving. Others remained in relationships that no longer included sexual activity. The study findings highlight the potential fluidity within the sexual and relational lives of females, and can enhance healthcare providers' preparedness and efficacy with diverse populations. Providers are in a unique position to offer resources to patients who identify as sexually or gender-diverse, or who are in relationships with sexually or gender-diverse persons.


Asunto(s)
Relaciones Interpersonales , Parejas Sexuales/psicología , Sexualidad/psicología , Personas Transgénero/psicología , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad
7.
Kasmera ; 39(1): 49-58, ene.-jun. 2011. tab
Artículo en Español | LILACS | ID: lil-654001

RESUMEN

Diversos virus afectan el sistema nervioso central (SNC) ocasionando encefalitis, principalmente en la edad pediátrica. Determinar la implicación de agentes virales en infecciones del sistema nervioso central (SNC) en niños del estado Zulia, Venezuela durante el año 2007. Se recolectaron 109 muestras de líquido cefalorraquídeo(LCR) y suero, provenientes de pacientes entre 1 día de nacido a 14 años, que presentaron sintomatología clínica sugestiva de afectación del SNC y cuyo estudio bacteriológico convencional de LCR resultó negativo. Se determinó la relación albúmina LCR/suero a fin de descartar contaminación, resultando 24 pares óptimos para la determinación por la técnica de ELISA de anticuerpos IgM específicos para los virus Herpes Simple (VHS), Epstein Barr (VEB), Dengue, Rubéola, Sarampión y Encefalitis Equina Venezolana (EEV). De los 24 casos analizados, 15 (62,5%) resultaron positivos. Los agentes causantes de encefalitis fueron: 11 casos de Dengue (45,8%) (p<0,05), 3 de VHS (12,5%) y un caso de VEB (4,2%). No se detectaron casos de Rubéola, Sarampión, ni EEV. La pleocitocis con predominio de linfocitos fue el hallazgo más frecuente en los casos con encefalitis viral (EV) confirmada, sin diferencias significativas al relacionarlo con el agente viral infectante. Se evidencia que una proporción significativa de los niños con encefalitis es debida a agentes virales y se destaca un incremento en los casos de dengue con afectación del SNC en la región


Various viruses affect the central nervous system (CNS) causing encephalitis, mainly in pediatric patients. To determine the involvement of viral agents for central nervous system (CNS) infections in children in the State of Zulia, Venezuela during the year 2007. 109 samples of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum were collected from patients between 1 day and 14 years of age, who presented clinical symptoms suggestive of CNS involvement and whose conventional CSF bacteriological study proved negative. The CSF Albumin /serum relation ship was determined in order to rule out contamination, resulting in 24 optimal pairs for determining the IgM and IgG antibodies specific for herpes simplex virus (HSV), Epstein Barr (EBV), Dengue fever, rubella, measles and Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis (VEE) using the ELISA technique. Of the 24 cases examined, 15 (62.5%) were positive. The causative agents for encephalitis were 11 cases of Dengue (45.8%) (p<0.05), 3 VHS (12.5%) and 1 case of EBV (4.2%). There were no cases of rubella, measles or VEE. Pleocytosis with lymphocyte predominance was the most common finding in cases with confirmed viral encephalitis (VE), without significant differences related to the infecting viral agent. Results show that a significant proportion of encephalitis in children is due to viral agents, highlighting an increase in dengue cases with CNS affection in the region


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Adolescente , Femenino , Recién Nacido , Lactante , Preescolar , Niño , Dengue/patología , Encefalitis/patología , Líquido Cefalorraquídeo/virología , Simplexvirus , Sarampión/patología , Sistema Nervioso Central/virología , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática/métodos
8.
An Sist Sanit Navar ; 34(3): 395-407, 2011.
Artículo en Español | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22233843

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Two years ago there were alterations to outpatient A and E departments in Navarre; in particular, a rural A and E service (Servicio de Urgencias Rural- SUR) was set up, which coexists geographically with the normal A and E service. The aim of this study is to determine the opinion of experts on problems and recommendations for improvements that affect outpatient A and E services. METHODOLOGY: A Delphi study was carried out with the participation of 37 experts (doctors and nurses). Three successive rounds of questionnaires were completed using email. The final questionnaire identified degree of agreement with the group's ideas, and the 15 most relevant problems and recommendations were identified; those ideas that were selected achieved at least 50% agreement and their priority was above 25%. We grouped the ideas using a hierarchic cluster analysis. RESULTS: Four cluster problems were identified; the most outstanding amongst them being "the population uses A and E for banal pathologies, just like any other consultation" with a score of 297 points. Outstanding amongst the recommendations, with 3 identified clusters, were the "need to design a strategic plan for A and E care with resources appropriate to the needs" (310 priority points) and "sending clear messages to the population on the correct use of A and E" (192 priority points). CONCLUSION: The Delphi method identifies problems and improvement areas through consensus.


Asunto(s)
Atención Ambulatoria/normas , Técnica Delphi , Servicios Médicos de Urgencia/normas , Mejoramiento de la Calidad , Calidad de la Atención de Salud , Humanos , España , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
9.
J Clin Microbiol ; 49(3): 1134-6, 2011 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21191059

RESUMEN

Extended-spectrum ß-lactamases (ESBL) of the CTX-M, SHV, and TEM families were recognized in 76 (67%), 31 (27%), and 6 (5%) isolates, respectively, among 162 ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL-Kp) strains obtained in a multicenter study in Spain. Predisposing factors for ESBL-Kp acquisition included invasive procedures, mechanical ventilation, and previous antimicrobial use.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Klebsiella/epidemiología , Infecciones por Klebsiella/microbiología , Klebsiella pneumoniae/enzimología , beta-Lactamasas/biosíntesis , Adulto , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Infecciones por Klebsiella/patología , Klebsiella pneumoniae/aislamiento & purificación , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Prevalencia , España/epidemiología
10.
J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs ; 17(10): 909-16, 2010 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21078006

RESUMEN

ACCESSIBLE SUMMARY: • Transsexual persons are increasing their visibility in society, and health care providers and others (such as social workers) will be called upon to help with issues that transsexual persons face. Challenges that face transsexual persons often include issues involving relationships. Psychiatric and mental health nurses and other caregivers can increase their therapeutic skills in working with couples that include transsexual persons by becoming aware of these challenges and subsequent activities that can help with them. • This research study looks at couple relationships in which one partner reveals male-to-female transsexual identity. These are relationships that were established as man-woman and now will transition into relationships that include a male-to-female person and a female partner. • Common challenges for these couples include issues related to: (1) sexual identity and relationship uncertainty; (2) male-to-female transition decision making; and (3) presenting in public. • Relationship maintenance activities that helped the couples in the study maintain and strengthen their relationships through these challenges include: (1) communication; (2) self-talk (for example, putting the situation in perspective); (3) social networks; (4) positive interactions; (5) impression management (for example, managing displays of affection in public); and (6) social activism. ABSTRACT: This qualitative study describes the relational dynamics that help sustain relationships of couples that include male-to-female transsexual persons (MTF) and their natal female partners (NF) following disclosure of transsexualism. Relationship challenges and relationship maintenance activities are identified. Each partner in 17 MTF-NF couples participated in individual surveys and interviews. The data were coded for themes related to relationship challenges and activities. MTF-NF couples experience challenges within the contexts of their relationships and of society. These challenges include: (1) sexual identity and relationship uncertainty; (2) male-to-female transition decision making; and (3) public presentation. Relationship maintenance activities enabled the study couples to maintain and strengthen their relationships through these challenges. These activities include: (1) communication; (2) self-talk; (3) social networks; (4) positivity; (5) impression management; and (6) social activism. Via this report, psychiatric and mental health nurses can increase their therapeutic skills in working with MTF-NF couples.


Asunto(s)
Composición Familiar , Relaciones Interpersonales , Autorrevelación , Cirugía de Reasignación de Sexo/enfermería , Transexualidad/enfermería , Adaptación Psicológica , Anciano , Comunicación , Toma de Decisiones , Femenino , Identidad de Género , Humanos , Control Interno-Externo , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Prejuicio , Cirugía de Reasignación de Sexo/psicología , Ajuste Social , Apoyo Social , Transexualidad/psicología
11.
Clin. transl. oncol. (Print) ; 12(3): 174-180, mar. 2010. ilus
Artículo en Inglés | IBECS | ID: ibc-124055

RESUMEN

Systematic collection of phenotypes and their correlation with molecular data has been proposed as a useful method to advance in the study of disease. Although some databases for animal species are being developed, progress in humans is slow, probably due to the multifactorial origin of many human diseases and to the intricacy of accurately classifying phenotypes, among other factors. An alternative approach has been to identify and to study individuals or families with very characteristic, clinically relevant phenotypes. This strategy has shown increased efficiency to identify the molecular features underlying such phenotypes. While on most occasions the subjects selected for these studies presented harmful phenotypes, a few studies have been performed in individuals with very favourable phenotypes. The consistent results achieved suggest that it seems logical to further develop this strategy as a methodology to study human disease, including cancer. The identification and the study with high-throughput techniques of individuals showing a markedly decreased risk of developing cancer or of cancer patients presenting either an unusually favourable prognosis or striking responses following a specific treatment, might be promising ways to maximize the yield of this approach and to reveal the molecular causes that explain those phenotypes and thus highlight useful therapeutic targets. This manuscript reviews the current status of selection of extreme phenotypes in cancer research and provides directions for future development of this methodology (AU)


No disponible


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Fenotipo , Neoplasias/genética , Investigación Biomédica Traslacional/métodos , Investigación Biomédica Traslacional/normas , Pronóstico , Factores de Riesgo , Investigación Biomédica Traslacional/organización & administración , Investigación Biomédica Traslacional/tendencias
12.
Neurocirugia (Astur) ; 21(1): 46-9, 2010 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20186374

RESUMEN

A 56-year-old woman underwent surgery for a ruptured carotid-ophthalmic artery aneurysm. Intraoperative visual inspection confirmed that the ophthalmic artery was left intact. She had no light perception on the operated side right after surgery. Angiography one week after surgery confirmed exclusion of the aneurysm, no filling of the proximal portion of the ophthalmic artery, and a very faint filling of its distal orbital part. She gradually recovered from this deficit and 9 months after surgery she is capable of counting fingers. At this time angiography displayed filling of all the portions of the ophthalmic artery, absence of recruitment of collateral blood supply, and exclusion of the aneurysm as before. Surgical manipulation seems to either have induced vasospasm or thrombosis of the ophthalmic artery. Regression of vasospasm or secondary recanalization of the thrombus without development of collateral blood supply may account for the gradual improvement of vision. A risk of monocular blindness is associated with the surgical treatment of para-clinoid aneurysms. Nevertheless, when it occurs, a perspective of recovery may exist if certain etiologies are involved.


Asunto(s)
Arterias Carótidas , Aneurisma Intracraneal , Procedimientos Neuroquirúrgicos/efectos adversos , Arteria Oftálmica , Trastornos de la Visión/etiología , Arterias Carótidas/diagnóstico por imagen , Arterias Carótidas/cirugía , Angiografía Cerebral , Femenino , Humanos , Aneurisma Intracraneal/diagnóstico por imagen , Aneurisma Intracraneal/cirugía , Persona de Mediana Edad , Arteria Oftálmica/diagnóstico por imagen , Arteria Oftálmica/cirugía , Complicaciones Posoperatorias , Trastornos de la Visión/fisiopatología
13.
Neurocirugia (Astur) ; 19(4): 343-9, 2008 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18726045

RESUMEN

Giant cell glioblastoma is an infrequent variety of glioblastoma (5% of the cases). It has deserved a separate category in the World Health Organization classification of grade IV tumors. The clinical, imaging, histological and immunohistochemical characteristics, and the genetic alterations are reviewed. Treatment and prognosis are discussed and updated. The case of a patient that survived 19 months and died of spinal leptomeningeal metastases is illustrated.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Encefálicas/patología , Glioblastoma/patología , Neoplasias Encefálicas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Encefálicas/terapia , Resultado Fatal , Glioblastoma/diagnóstico , Glioblastoma/terapia , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias Meníngeas/secundario , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pronóstico , Neoplasias de la Médula Espinal/secundario
14.
Neurocir. - Soc. Luso-Esp. Neurocir ; 19(4): 343-349, jul.-ago. 2008. ilus
Artículo en En | IBECS | ID: ibc-67990

RESUMEN

El glioblastoma de células gigantes es una variante rara dentro de los glioblastomas (5% delos casos). En la clasificación de la Organización Mundial de la Salud esta entidad ha merecido una categoría aparte en los tumores de grado IV. Se revisan las características clínicas, radiológicas, histológicas, inmunohistoquímicas y las alteraciones genéticas que caracterizan este tumor. El tratamiento y el pronóstico son discutidos aportando información actualizada. Finalmente se presenta un caso clínico ilustrado, en el cual el paciente sobrevivió durante 19 meses, falleciendo como consecuencia de una diseminación espinal leptomeníngea


Giant cell glioblastoma is an infrequent variety of glioblastoma (5% of the cases). It has deserved a separate category in the World Health Organization classification of grade IV tumors. The clinical, imaging, histological and immunohistochemical characteristics, and the genetic alterations are reviewed. Treatment and prognosis are discussed and updated. The case of a patient that survived 19 months and died of spinal leptomeningeal metastases is illustrated


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Glioblastoma/patología , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patología , Neoplasias Meníngeas/secundario , Lóbulo Temporal/patología
15.
Inf. psiquiátr ; (189): 365-378, jul.-sept. 2007.
Artículo en Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-67728

RESUMEN

El delirio constituye el paradigma de la enfermedad mental y es el síntoma psicopatológico cardinal para la intelección de la psicosis. Se revisa su historia conceptual, fundamentalmente los marcos teóricos del siglo XX de las escuelas francesa y alemana; modelos teóricos explicativos de orden psicológico, neuropsicológico y neurobiológico; los diferentes tipos de delirio en función de su temática y la expresividad final de aquél como acto de habla de características especiales y que vertebra la dialogicidad delirante


No disponible


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Trastornos Psicóticos/psicología , Delirio/psicología , Racionalización , Neuropsicología , Delirio/clasificación , Síndrome de Capgras/psicología
16.
Cephalalgia ; 27(5): 429-34, 2007 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17388805

RESUMEN

Migraineurs have an interictal sympathetic nervous system (SNS) hypofunctionality and hypersensitivity to adrenergic amines. The GNAS1 T393C polymorphism has been associated with a distinct SNS sensitivity in healthy subjects. We tested GNAS1 T393C variant in two independent sets of subjects. In the case-control subset, 365 migraine patients [194 with aura (MA)] vs. 347 healthy controls were studied. A significant excess of the CC genotype was found in migraneurs (31.2%) as opposed to controls (20.2%; P=0.003). Using a logistic regression model corrected for sex, the CC genotype conferred a general risk for migraine twice [odds ratio (OR) 1.79, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.27-2.53; P=0.001] higher than CT/TT genotypes. Using parents from 117 migraine families, a marginally significant trend for association could be observed (P=0.025), but the transmission disequilibrium test for alleles maternally transmitted failed to demonstrate familial association. In this subgroup, CC genotype conferred a risk for migraine over twice (OR 2.20; 95% CI 1.14-4.40; P=0.019) higher than TT/TC genotypes. In conclusion, the GNAS1 T393C variant is associated with migraine, which suggests a genetic basis for its higher SNS sensitivity.


Asunto(s)
Subunidades alfa de la Proteína de Unión al GTP Gs/genética , Pruebas Genéticas/métodos , Trastornos Migrañosos/enzimología , Trastornos Migrañosos/epidemiología , Polimorfismo Genético , Medición de Riesgo/métodos , Adulto , Cromograninas , Análisis Mutacional de ADN/métodos , Femenino , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad/epidemiología , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad/genética , Variación Genética/genética , Heterocigoto , Humanos , Incidencia , Masculino , Trastornos Migrañosos/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple/genética , Factores de Riesgo , España/epidemiología
17.
Opt Lett ; 30(5): 459-61, 2005 Mar 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15789702

RESUMEN

We present a single-frequency, single-mode, plane-polarized ytterbium-doped all-fiber master oscillator power amplifier source at 1060 nm generating 264 W of continuous-wave output power. The final-stage amplifier operated with a high gain of 19 dB and a high conversion efficiency of 68%. There was no evidence of rollover from stimulated Brillouin scattering even at the highest output power, and the maximum output was limited only by the available pump power.

18.
Arch. chil. oftalmol ; 62(1/2): 113-115, 2005. tab
Artículo en Español | LILACS | ID: lil-435483

RESUMEN

Objetivo: Evaluar la eficacia de la esclerectomía profunda no perforante (EPNP) en el control de la presión intraocular (PIO) en el glaucoma de ángulo abierto. Material y Método: Estudio retrospectivo consistente en revisión de fichas clínicas de 62 pacientes operados (70 ojos) desde enero de 1999 a diciembre de 2002. Resultados: PIO promedio preoperatoria fue de 25,43 mmHg. El 65,87 por ciento de los pacientes usaban 2 medicamentos antes de la cirugía y el 29,85 por ciento usaba 3 ó más. La PIO promedio postoperatoria inmediata fue de 10,81 mmHg. El promedio de PIO a 2 años de seguimiento fue de 17,83 mmHg. El 61 por ciento de los pacientes no usaban o sólo usaban 1 medicamento para control de la PIO. No se observaron complicaciones severa. El 30 por ciento de los pacientes presentaron alteración de la vesícula de filtración. Conclusión: EPNP debe considerarse una herramienta útil y eficaz en el manejo de los pacientes con glaucoma de ángulo abierto, ya que disminuye significativamente la PIO y la necesidad de tratamiento farmacológico tópico. La técnica quirúrgica tiene una baja incidencia de complicaciones, tanto intra como postoperatorias. La mayoría de ellas asociada a alteraciones de la vesícula de filtración.


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Esclerótica/cirugía , Esclerostomía/métodos , Glaucoma de Ángulo Abierto/cirugía , Presión Intraocular , Chile , Enfermedad Crónica , Estudios de Seguimiento , Complicaciones Intraoperatorias , Complicaciones Posoperatorias , Cuidados Preoperatorios , Estudios Retrospectivos
19.
Cephalalgia ; 24(6): 491-4, 2004 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15154859

RESUMEN

It has been suggested that folate metabolism could be involved in migraine pathogenesis. We analysed the 5',10'-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) genotypic distribution in a large migraine sample. We genotyped 230 migraine patients (152 migraine without aura (MO) and 78 migraine with aura (MA)) and 204 nonheadache controls. The incidence of TT homozygosis for migraine in general (12%), MO (9%) and MA (18%) did not significantly differ from that found in healthy controls (13%). Differences were significant when the frequency of TT homozygosis between MA and MO (P = 0.03, OR = 2.34, 95% CI = 1.04-5.26) was compared. There was a tendency for a higher frequency of the MTHFR T allele in the MA group (42%) as compared to MO (29%) and controls (36%). These differences were significant only in the case of MA vs. MO (P = 0.006, OR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.15-2.65). These results could indicate that the MTHFR C677T polymorphism, causing mild hyperhomocystinaemia, might be a genetic risk factor for experiencing aura among migraineurs. Overall, however, there was no association between migraine and the C677T MTHFR polymorphism.


Asunto(s)
Homocigoto , Metilenotetrahidrofolato Reductasa (NADPH2)/genética , Migraña con Aura/enzimología , Migraña con Aura/genética , Adulto , Distribución de Chi-Cuadrado , Intervalos de Confianza , Femenino , Frecuencia de los Genes/genética , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Migraña sin Aura/enzimología , Migraña sin Aura/genética , Oportunidad Relativa
20.
Rheumatology (Oxford) ; 43(5): 655-7, 2004 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14970400

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: In a significant number of patients the differential diagnosis between elderly-onset rheumatoid arthritis (EORA) and polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is very difficult because of the lack of specific serum markers. Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (anti-CCP Abs) have recently been shown to be highly specific for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This is the first study addressing the utility of these antibodies in the differential diagnosis between EORA and PMR. METHODS: Serum samples from 57 EORA patients and 49 PMR patients were studied for the presence of anti-CCP Abs and rheumatoid factor (RF). As controls, samples from 41 RA patients (age at onset <60 yr) and 24 aged healthy subjects were analysed. RESULTS: Sixty-five per cent of EORA patients had anti-CCP Abs, whereas none of the PMR patients or the aged healthy subjects was positive for those antibodies. Ten of the EORA patients started with polymyalgic symptoms and two of them were positive for anti-CCP Abs. Interestingly, there was a significant correlation between anti-CCP Abs and RF in EORA but not in young RA patients. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of anti-CCP Abs in a patient with clinical symptoms of PMR must be interpreted as highly suggestive of EORA.


Asunto(s)
Artritis Reumatoide/diagnóstico , Autoanticuerpos/sangre , Citrulina/inmunología , Péptidos Cíclicos/inmunología , Polimialgia Reumática/diagnóstico , Edad de Inicio , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Biomarcadores/sangre , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factor Reumatoide/sangre
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