RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and cancer are recognized as non-communicable chronic disorders which are among the top ten causes of death globally. In Saudi Arabia, the prevalence of type 2 DM (T2DM) and colorectal cancer (CRC) is alarmingly high. Both T2DM and CRC share common risk factors. In this study, we aim to assess the prevalence of pre-existing T2DM among CRC Saudi patients. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, data were collected from the medical records of 275 Saudi adult patients with CRC from 2009 to 2018 at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah (KAMC-J). RESULTS: Participants had a mean age of 57.0 years, standard deviation (SD) of 13.0, and were mostly males (60.00%) and Saudi (100.0%). Participants had a mean BMI of 26.42 (7.35) kg/m2. The prevalence of pre-existing T2DM in this study was 40.80%. 15.8% of participants were overweight and obese (BMI>30), respectively. The average age of diabetics and non-diabetics was 63.6 (10.64) and 52.73 (12.43), respectively. Diabetic patients are significantly older than non-diabetic patients (p<0.001). The average BMI for diabetics was 26.96 (7.26) kg/m2, whereas the average BMI for non-diabetics was 25.93 (7.48) kg/m2. No significant differences were found between the two groups. CONCLUSION: This study provides new insight into the high prevalence of pre-existing T2DM in CRC patients in Saudi Arabia. In particular, the age of diagnosis of CRC in diabetic patients was significantly higher than in non-diabetics.
RESUMEN
The prevalence of using e-cigarettes (vaping) has risen rapidly since its introduction in 2007, mostly among male youth. Although research on the health risks of e-cigarettes is still limited, there is growing evidence of debilitating pulmonary conditions and general immune weakness from e-cigarettes, leading to various infections. Moreover, there are concerns that vaping could be used as a new model of cannabis consumption, increasing cannabis addiction among adolescents. With well-known health risks from traditional smoking, e-cigarettes are viewed as a safe way of smoking, appealing more to youth. Additionally, extensive e-cigarette marketing boosted by the internet and fame has resulted in worries that e-cigarettes can lead to a renormalization of cigarette smoking and can be used as a new method to consume vaporized drugs. Although the concern that e-cigarettes are as harmful as traditional smoking has been raised, youth and most healthcare providers remain relatively unaware. Therefore, this review explored the association between e-cigarettes and traditional smoking. With the introduction of e-cigarettes in the last two decades, the topic is still new and less studied. Therefore, this review will help us understand the topic to better care for e-cigarette smokers and reduce the increasing public health burden from vaping.
RESUMEN
The objective of this report is to present a rare case of chronic appendicitis with an atypical presentation. The patient presented with intermittent periumbilical pain without any other symptom, relieved by an anti-inflammatory, and later incidentally diagnosed on computed tomography (CT) scan. The patient was managed with an appendectomy during laparoscopic exploration. A 61-year-old male, with a history of renal calculi, managed type 2 diabetes mellitus, managed hypertension, and ischemic heart disease who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention 10 years ago, presented to the clinic for a CT scan to follow up a non-obstructing renal calculus diagnosed previously. The imaging showed incidental appendiceal findings, and the patient informed the medical team that he had been experiencing intermittent periumbilical pain once every 4-12 weeks for the past year, which was not associated with fever, nausea, or vomiting. At that time, oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were prescribed, following which his symptoms subsided. A few days later, he presented to the clinic with the same complaint. The patient underwent laparoscopic exploration after numerous clinic visits and was diagnosed with chronic appendicitis. Chronic appendicitis should be explored in afebrile patients with periumbilical pain lasting for several days without other symptoms or predisposing factors. It should also be suspected in patients with recurrent or intermittent vague abdominal pain that subsides with NSAIDs. A CT scan of the abdomen should be conducted, and if the results confirm or imply chronic appendicitis, appendectomy is the preferred therapy.
