An investigated organic and inorganic reinforcement as an effective economical filler of poly (methyl methacrylate) nanocomposites.

Polymer matrix composites have garnered the interest of the dentistry sector. Nano-fillers are frequently used as reinforcements in these composites to enhance their characteristics. Poly (methyl methacrylate) was filled with date seed nanoparticles (DSNP) and titanium oxide nanoparticles (TiO2NP). In this work, two nanofillers (DSNP and TiO2NP) were analyzed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). In addition, the features of the PMMA-nanofiller composite were experimentally evaluated via compression, micro-hardness, wear rate (WR), and coefficients of friction (µ) testing. Utilizing a scanning electron microscope (SEM), the microstructure of the PMMA-DSNP composite was examined. The results of the experiments on the nanocomposites demonstrated that the elastic modulus, microhardness, wear resistance, and friction resistance increased with an increase in DSNP content to 1.2 wt, in comparison to TiO2NP at the same concentration. Finally, according to the guidelines, the ideal weight was determined to be 1.2 wt%, filler in the form of DSNP, at a normal load of 10 N.

Intravenous colistin in the treatment of multidrug-resistant gram-negative organism in tertiary hospital, Jazan, KSA.

BACKGROUND: It was considered that the resistance of drugs such as carbapenems and cephalosporins against severe or high risk gram-negative bacteria became a tremendous confront. This might be attributed to the little amount of these drugs to be used against the multi-resistant bacteria (MRB). Therefore, Colistin, Fosfomycin, Temocillin, and Rifampicin are antibiotics that have been used as multidrug-resistant bacterial infections in the treatment of some species of bacteria such as Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas species, and Enterobacteriaceae. AIM: the present study is aimed to assess the integrity and efficiency of colistin for treating of the multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDR) especially gram-negative one among critical and non-critical patients in tertiary hospital in Jazan city. Ninety four patients who met the selection criteria and received colistimethate sodium (colistin) in the period between Februarys 2017 and March 2018 were recruited and their charts were reviewed retrospectively. Patients' information, medical conditions, and laboratory data were extracted. All patients received IV colistin, and the majority of the patients showed in their culture reports multidrug-resistant bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. Patients who had normal renal function received from 2.5 to 5.0 mg of colistin/kg, which was divided in two or three doses intravenously, for duration ranging between 10 and 14 days. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Approximately half of patients (48.93%) were fully recovered, while 19% of them were partially responded to colistin treatment. In the current study it was showed that IV colistin treatment against the multidrug-resistant bacteria (gram-negative bacteria) was strongly related to mild nephrotoxicity in addition to with a proper response as shown only in three of our patients.

Oculohypotensive effects of various acetozolamide nanopreparations for topical treatment of animal model-induced glaucoma and their impact on optic nerve.

Acetozolamide-ACZ, carbonic anhydrase inhibitor- is still the most effective systemic drug for glaucoma treatment. Due to its limited ocular bioavailability, topical formulations are not available yet. This study introduces within the framework of nanotechnology three nanopreparations of acetozolamide for topical application, one of them is liposomal phospholipid vehicle and the other two preparations are propolis and Punica granatum (pomegranate). The hypotensive effect of these different nanopreparations in lowering the increased intraocular pressure that was induced in experimental rabbits is monitored for 130 hrs. Structural characteristics of the optic nerve dissected from all involved groups were studied by Fourier transfrom infrared spectroscopy. The obtained results indicate the impact of the topically applied acetozolamide nanopreparations in lowering the intraocular pressure to its normotensive control value. On the other hand, the optic nerve characteristics were found to be dependent on the way acetozolamide introduced. Glaucoma affects structural components that contain OH group and increases ß-turns of the protein secondary structure while, reducing the content of both α-helix and Turns. In the same context, liposomal-acetozolamide and propolis nanopreparations protecting the optic nerve protein secondary structure from these changes associated with glaucoma.