Utilidad de la resonancia magnética ponderada por difusión cervical en la detección del cáncer tiroideo / Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for the detection of thyroid cancer

INTRODUCCIÓN: La enfermedad tiroidea nodular posee el potencial de desarrollar malignidad. El objetivo es evaluar la importancia de la resonancia magnética ponderada por difusión cervical (IRM-DP) para la detección de nódulos tiroideos malignos. MÉTODO: El grupo de estudio lo constituyen los pacientes intervenidos por enfermedad tiroidea, en los que preoperatoriamente se les realizó 3 métodos diagnósticos: biopsia guiada por PAAF, US e IRM-DP. El grupo de estudio total se dividió en 2 subgrupos, de acuerdo con la evaluación postoperatoria patológica final de los nódulos en 2 grupos: "grupo benigno" y "grupo de malignidad". Se evaluaron 65 nódulos tiroideos operados, en 58 pacientes. Los parámetros preoperatorios, (datos demográficos, los hallazgos ecográficos, los resultados de la biopsia por aspiración con aguja fina y los valores del coeficiente de difusión aparente (CDA) de los nódulos en IRM-DP), se compararon con los resultados de los exámenes patológicos postoperatorios. RESULTADOS: El "grupo benigno" lo constituyen 50 (76,9%) nódulos, mientras que 15 (23,1%) nódulos constituyeron el «grupo de malignidad». Los valores mínimos, máximos y medios de CDA de los nódulos fueron significativamente más bajos en el grupo con malignidad (p <0,05). El mejor valor de corte para el valor medio de CDA fue 1,33 × 10-3 mm2/s, con una sensibilidad del 66,67%, una especificidad del 89,13%, un valor predictivo positivo del 53,63% y un valor predictivo negativo del 89,13%. Un valor medio de CDA igual o inferior a 1,33 × 10-3 mm2/s se asoció a un riesgo 9 veces mayor de malignidad (p < 0,01, odds ratio: 9,111, intervalo de confianza del 95%: 2,49-33,21). CONCLUSIONES: El valor de CDA detectado en IRM-DP cervical puede considerarse como un parámetro predictivo para la detección de cáncer de tiroides

BACKGROUND: Nodular thyroid disease possesses the potential to harbor malignancy. Our aim was to evaluate the significance of cervical diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) for the detection of malignant thyroid nodules. METHODS: Sixty-five thyroid nodules from 58 patients who had undergone surgery were evaluated. Preoperative parameters, demographic data, ultrasound findings, fine-needle aspiration biopsy results and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of the nodules at DW-MRI were compared with the results from postoperative pathology examinations. RESULTS: The "benign group" included 50 (76.9%) nodules, while 15 (23.1%) nodules constituted the "malignancy group". Minimum, maximum and mean ADC values of the nodules were significantly lower in the malignancy group (p < 0.05). The best cutoff value for the mean ADC value was 1.33 × 10-3 mm2/s, with a sensitivity of 66.67%, a specifity of 89.13%, a positive predictive value of 53.63% and a negative predictive value of 89.13%. A mean ADC value equal to or lower than 1.33 × 10-3 mm2/s was associated with 9 times higher risk of malignancy (odds ratio: 9.111, 95% confidence interval: 2.49-33.21). CONCLUSIONS: The ADC value detected by cervical DW-MRI can be considered a predictive parameter for the detection of thyroid cancer

Strategies to treat idiopathic granulomatous mastitis: retrospective analysis of 40 patients.

BACKGROUND: Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a rare benign breast disease which often mimics breast carcinoma both clinically and radiologically. Confirmation of diagnosis is only made by histopathological analysis. This study aims to define clinical and demographic features of IGM patients and discuss the results of treatment modalities. METHODS: Forty patients with IGM who were assigned in Istanbul Medeniyet University General Surgery Clinic between March 2008 and October 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: Mean age was 39.07 ± 11.5. The most common complaint was breast mass (55%). Nipple retraction was present in 6 patients (15%) and 9 patients (22.5%) had fistulizing abscess. Two patients had erythema nodosum on the lower extremity. Breast ultrasonography (USG) (n:40), mammography (MG) (n:20), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (n:20) were used for imaging. Selected treatment methods were antibiotics and anti-inflammatory agents (27.5%), steroids (15%), abscess drainage (40%), and surgical excision (17.5%). Fifteen patients had recurrence after their first line treatment protocol. Mean follow-up period was 24.85 ± 19.7 months. CONCLUSION: Surgical excision still seems to be the best treatment method for IGM patients. Administration of steroids for large lesions prior to surgery may help minimize the lesion size and obtain better cosmesis.