RESUMEN
Eating disorders (EDs) are among the most dangerous mental illnesses, that are characterized by high mortality rates, multisystem comorbidity, and an often chronic and relapsing disease course. EDs occur most commonly in the female gender, with a ratio of 10 females to 1 male for anorexia nervosa (AN). We present the case of a 15-year-old Saudi boy who presented with weight loss (BMI 11.6 kg/m2) and began to have symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in prayer and ablution. His first treatment plan was psychoeducation. He then developed a fear of gaining weight and began to count calories; he was diagnosed with AN and started on olanzapine 2.5 mg. The patient had a history of multiple admissions due to electrolyte imbalance, hypokalemia, hypoglycemia, and anal fissure due to constipation, and was prescribed olanzapine 5 mg, fluoxetine 20. His last admission was the worst, as he became semi-comatose with a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) of 13, was diffused and disoriented to time and person, unable to walk or sit, and was uncooperative in answering questions. During admission, we changed the fluoxetine to paroxetine 25 mg and increased the olanzapine to 10 mg, and the patient showed a huge improvement physically and mentally. This case emphasizes the significance of including paroxetine in the treatment of diagnoses for AN to prevent unnecessary wasting of time and effort.
RESUMEN
[This retracts the article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.18074.].
RESUMEN
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has the potential to trigger the onset of autoimmune disorders, one of which is acute rheumatic fever (ARF). ARF is an immune system response that can manifest after an individual has been infected with Streptococcus pyogenes. In this study, we document a unique case involving a previously healthy child who exhibited symptoms of fever, polyarthritis, and ankle swelling after history of COVID-19 infection one month ago. This rare pediatric case report discussed the occurrence of ARF after a one-month period of COVID-19 infection, and we observed significant improvement in our patient after a three-month treatment regimen.
RESUMEN
Introduction Insomnia is one of the most prevalent diseases globally, with many adults around the world suffering from at least one of its symptoms. It has a significant effect on the body's normal physiology and may lead to the development of chronic diseases that impair the main functional domains of health and cognition if left untreated. Handgrip strength (HGS) has previously been linked to several diseases that occur in tandem with insomnia. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the association between HGS and insomnia. Materials and methods This is a cross-sectional study in which the involved participants were approached in different locations. The participants were surveyed using the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) to evaluate the presence of insomnia. A hydraulic hand dynamometer was used to measure the HGS of the participants' right and left hands. Results A total of 494 questionnaires were collected, including 365 (74%) males and 129 females (26%). About 16% of females had insomnia, compared to 15% of males. There was no significant association between gender and insomnia (P=0.873). The difference between the mean HGS for the right and left hands among males and females was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The correlation coefficients of the right and left HGS scores with insomnia were r=0.019 and r=0.018, respectively, which showed no statistically significant association (P>0.05). Conclusions The study found no significant association between HGS and insomnia. The study recommends conducting further large-scale studies focusing on specific groups in the population to understand the relationship between HGS and chronic sleep disturbance.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Sleep quality is known to affect and be affected by multiple factors in one's life through physiological and psychological manners. The study aimed to assess the influence of diet, water intake, exercise, level of education, and income on the quality of sleep of the Saudi population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was a cross-sectional design that used a validated standardized fact-based questionnaire developed based on the Insomnia Severity Index. The data collection continued for three months, during which subjects were approached and interviewed in many locations, ensuring the Saudi population's best representation. RESULTS: The study included 496 subjects, of whom 74% were men. Most of the participants (51.4%) were aged between 18 and 25 years old and were unmarried (64.2%). The education level of participants was between high school and bachelor's level (45-43%), respectively. Around 53% believed that they were following an unhealthy diet, although 42% of the total had a normal BMI. About 44% of participants consumed about 1-2 L of water daily, and 42% never exercised. The majority (39%) earned an income of >5000 Saudi Riyals. Forty-two percent of the participants reported subthreshold insomnia. The data analysis showed that social status and diet were significantly related to sleeping quality (P = 0.051, P = 0.027). Additionally, the level of education was found to be an important confounding factor. CONCLUSION: Diet and social status were significantly related to insomnia, and educational level served as a significant confounding factor. Neither water intake, exercise, BMI category, age, nor gender were associated with insomnia.
RESUMEN
Background and objective Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. It is linked with an increase in morbidity (e.g., blindness, kidney failure, stroke, cardiovascular diseases, limb amputations), premature mortality, high healthcare costs, and is quickly becoming a global epidemic disorder. Several studies have shown that vitamin D supplements reduce insulin resistance in T2DM and improve insulin secretion and sensitivity. In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in T2DM patients in Saudi Arabia. Methods This was a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted at the King Faisal University Health Centre in Saudi Arabia. The study used patient data during the period from October 2014 to January 2021. After obtaining approval from the King Faisal University Polyclinic Administration, we collected patient data from the King Faisal University Health Centre. The Ethics and Research Committee at the College of Medicine of King Faisal University granted ethical approval with the approval number (2020-11-82). The relevant patient data were collected, including age, gender, nationality, and blood test findings (vitamin D and HbA1c levels). Results A total of 191 T2DM patients participated in this study. The mean age of the patients was 56.1 ± 11.4 years (range: 21-85 years); 107 (56%) patients were females, and 137 (71.7%) were Saudis. There were 134 (70.2%) patients with vitamin D deficiency, 53 (27.7%) with vitamin D insufficiency, and only four (2.1%) with normal vitamin D levels. Conclusion Based on our findings, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among T2DM patients is highly associated with poor diabetic control.
RESUMEN
Given the high risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) post-orthopedic surgery and the vital role of thromboprophylaxis in preventing VTEs, this meta-analysis aimed to assess the efficacy of thromboprophylaxis post major orthopedic surgery and the relevant safety measures. In this review, we conducted a computer-aided search of Google Scholar, PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane, Medline, and EMBASE databases. We included all published randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that utilized enoxaparin, fondaparinux, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban, and aspirin for VTE prophylaxis in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA), hip fracture surgery, and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) based on primary and secondary outcomes. The Cochrane Collaboration tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias. All statistical analyses were performed using Review Manager Software. A total of 23 RCTs were included with a total sample of 48,424 patients and an overall low risk of bias. The efficacy of enoxaparin in preventing VTEs in the TKA group was significantly better than fondaparinux. In the THA group, the efficacy of enoxaparin was significantly better than apixaban. The efficacies of fondaparinux, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban, and aspirin were comparable to that of enoxaparin in reducing VTE-associated mortality, major bleeding, and adverse events. In conclusion, we found that all included drugs were non-inferior to enoxaparin in VTE-associated mortality, major bleeding, and adverse events.
RESUMEN
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a multi-organ disease with a wide range of manifestations. Coagulopathy is one of the well-recognized complications of COVID-19. We report the case of a 42-year-old man who presented with progressively worsening low back pain of two days in duration. The pain was burning in character, non-radiating, and was not related to movement. The patient had a recent history of severe COVID-19 pneumonia requiring mechanical ventilation and has stayed in the intensive care unit for eight days. He was discharged three days before the acute onset of his back pain. Examination of the lumbar spine was unremarkable. However, lower limb examination revealed coldness and absent pulses bilaterally. The patient underwent computed tomography angiography which revealed complete occlusion of the lower abdominal aorta at its bifurcation. Emergency endovascular treatment was performed to aspirate the clot. The symptoms resolved following the procedure and the patient was discharged on the third post-intervention day. Saddle aortic embolism is a rare life-threatening condition that may present solely with low back pain. The case demonstrated a possible complication of COVID-19 that occurred after the recovery from the acute phase of the disease.
RESUMEN
The oil and gas industry is moving towards more environmentally friendly practices. The environmental regulations regarding drilling waste management and disposal are motivating the industry to be more efficient with drilling operations. Environmentally friendly drilling fluid additives used in drilling operations reduces not only the negative implications on the environment but also reduces costs. This paper provides an experimental dataset of utilizing biodegradable waste materials as environmentally friendly drilling fluid additives. The data were collected through experimental evaluations of several waste materials including Potato Peels Powder (PPP), Mandarin Peels Powder (MPP), Fibrous Food Waste Material (FFWM), Palm Tree Leaves Powder (PTLP), Grass Powder (GP), and Green Olive Pits' Powder (GOPP). The data presented herein are the raw results of the experiments, which were conducted to examine the ability of the biodegradable waste materials to improve the water-based drilling fluids. The data include the effects of adding these waste materials on different drilling fluid properties such as mud weight, filtration, pH, and the rheology. The mud weight was measured using mud balance, the filtration data were collected using API filter press for both low/high pressure and temperature, the pH was measured using pH meter, and the rheology was characterized using viscometer. The dataset is potentially useful to assist researchers working on developing environmentally friendly drilling fluid additives.
