RESUMEN
Transbronchial needle aspiration was initially invented in 1949 by Schieppati. After its adaptation to the flexible bronchoscope in 1983 by Wang this technique has gain firm indications in the diagnosis and staging of lung cancer, in peripheral pulmonary nodules and masses; in the evaluation of endobronchial masses; in the disease of submucosal, in benign diseases, i.e. sarcoidoses and mediastinal cysts and abscesses. The yield of this technique published in the literature makes it more than useful. The material available has different indications and usefulness in different clinical settings. Despite the almost absence of complications this procedure is yet underutilized, in spite of its twenty years of results which may be due to the established routines and the lack of training.