Malignant testicular tumors in children: overview on 10 years of Saudi Cancer Registry.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to identify epidemiological and histopathological patterns of pediatric testicular tumor (TT) in Saudi population over 10 years. METHODS: Retrospective data extracted from the Saudi Cancer Registry for Saudi children diagnosed with TT from 2008 to 2017. The data collected included patient's factors as age, year of diagnosis, survival status, and tumor factors as basis of diagnosis, origin of the tumor, histopathological group and subtype, and tumor behavior, stage, and laterality. RESULTS: A total of 115 patients with a median age of 14 (IQR 1.5-17) were included. The primary tumor site was a normal descended testis in 98.3% (115). Yolk sac tumor was the most common 28.2% (33), followed by embryonal carcinoma in 27.4% (32) and mixed germ-cell tumors in 23.1% (27). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed significant association between survival and the stage of the tumor (p = 0.002). However, there was a lack of significant association between survival and age groups, histopathological groups, and histopathological subtypes (p = 0.541, p = 0.609, and p = 0.733, respectively). The overall mortality rate of TT 5.2% with all deaths caused by non-seminomatous germ-cell tumor diagnosed with stage 3. CONCLUSIONS: The median age of the patients was 14 years. Yolk sac tumors were the most common while testicular choriocarcinomas were the least in incidence. No increase in the incidence of TT was seen and the mortality rate over the 10-year period was 5.2%. Shorter survival was associated with higher tumor stage.

Partial Nephrectomy, a Comparison between Different Modalities: A Tertiary Care Center Experience.

Kidney cancer, with 4% of all malignancies, is one of the most common malignancies occurring among in adults. In Saudi Arabia, kidney cancer comprises 2.3% of all cancers, and its incidence has increased by 33%. Partial nephrectomy (PN) is considered as the gold standard for T1 renal masses. In this retrospective study, we did a chart review for all patients who underwent PNs between April 2013 and February 2019. Data comprised presentation, tumor size, type of procedure (open vs. laparoscopic vs. robotic), and intra- and post-operative complications. Chi-square, ANOVA, and cross-tabulation were done using SPSS software. P > 0.05 was considered significant. Approval was obtained from the institutional review board of King Abdullah International Medical Research Center. In all, 69 patients were identified: 26 (37.7%) males and 43 (62.3%) females, with mean age = 54.53 ± 13.21 years; mean body mass index = 32.36 ± 7.03, and mean tumor size = 3.7 ± 1.72 cm. In terms of presentation, most patients (50, 72.4%) presented incidentally as opposed to symptomatic presentation. Of these patients, 18 (26.1%) underwent open partial nephrectomy (OPN), 29 (42%) laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN), and 22 (31.9%) robotic partial nephrectomy (RPN). On comparing minimally invasive surgery (MIS) PN with OPN, we found that OPN had more blood loss and a longer hospital stay but a shorter operating room (OR) time. Results of PN irrespective of the procedure type, whether it was OPN, LPN, or RPN, were similar if performed by experienced surgeons. However, open procedures involved a higher blood loss, more operative time, and longer hospital stay when compared with minimally invasive techniques.