RESUMEN
PURPOSE: Pinna nobilis (fan mussel) is one of the most important endemic bivalve molluscs in the Mediterranean and mass mortality events were observed in these mussels in recent years. In this study, we report mass mortalities caused by Haplosporidium pinnae, which has been spreading in the Mediterranean for 3 years, and reached the Çanakkale Strait, which is the entrance of the Marmara and the Black Sea. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Field observations during sampling and subsequent histopathological, biochemical, genetic, and microbiological analyses were carried out. RESULTS: These analyses showed that H. pinnae infection spread among the natural beds of P. nobilis, causing severe tissue damage and oxidative stress. Our phylogenetic analyses suggested that the parasite spread through the Mediterranean much faster than thought. The results showed that vibriosis originating from Vibrio coralliilyticus, Vibrio tubiashii, Vibrio mediterranei, and Vibrio hispanicus, acted together with H. pinnae in infected individuals and caused death. CONCLUSION: It is highly probable that the spread of H. pinnae to the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea may occur earlier than expected, and it was concluded that mass deaths were caused by co-infection with H. pinnae and a geographically specific marine pathogen that can infect P. nobilis populations.
Asunto(s)
Bivalvos/microbiología , Bivalvos/parasitología , Coinfección , Infecciones por Bacterias Gramnegativas/microbiología , Haplosporidios/patogenicidad , Infecciones por Protozoos/parasitología , Vibrio/patogenicidad , Animales , Bivalvos/metabolismo , Monitoreo del Ambiente , Infecciones por Bacterias Gramnegativas/metabolismo , Infecciones por Bacterias Gramnegativas/transmisión , Haplosporidios/genética , Interacciones Huésped-Parásitos , Estrés Oxidativo , Filogenia , Infecciones por Protozoos/metabolismo , Infecciones por Protozoos/transmisión , Ribotipificación , Vibrio/genéticaRESUMEN
Selectivity parameters of gillnets used for fish catching are very important for fisheries management in lakes. The main purpose of the present study was to estimate the selectivity parameters of monofilament gill nets mesh size of 56, 64 and 72 mm (stretched mesh size) used for European chub (Leuciscus cephalus L.1758) in Atikhisar Reservoir, Canakkale, Turkey. The indirect method proposed by Holt was used for the estimation of the selectivity parameters. The common selection factors and common standard deviation of monofilament gill nets were determined as 4.25 and 2.37, respectively. For sustainable fisheries of European chub, the minimum mesh size of monofilament gill nets must be greater than 47 mm stretched mesh size.
