Gliomatosis peritoneal tras el tratamiento de un tumor maligno de ovario / Peritoneal gliomatosis after treatment of a malignant ovarian tumor

No disponible

Modulatory role of IL10 in endothelial cell damage and platelet adhesion.

This study explores the possibility of a regulatory role for cytokine IL-10 in platelet aggregation as an active vascular repair mechanism. Endothelial cells from human umbilical cord vein were cultured in the presence of different IL-10 concentrations (0-100 ng/ml). Platelet-rich plasma was then added to these cultures and allowed to act for 30 minutes. To rule out blood plasma involvement, washed platelets were also incubated with IL-10 (0-100 ng/ml). Changes in endothelial cell morphology were observed depending on the IL-10 concentration used; apoptotic cells appearing at the highest IL-10 concentration. Greatest platelet adhesion was noted at the highest IL-10 concentration. It was concluded that, in this in vitro model, low IL-10 levels do not affect cell viability or the pattern of platelet adhesion, but at high doses, this cytokine induces cell death and enhances platelet deposition.

Severe renal hypouricemia secondary to hyperbilirubinemia.

A 64-year-old man with alcoholic liver cirrhosis had a progressive decrease in the serum uric acid (UA) until it became undetectable, an increase renal UA clearance, mild glycosuria with normal serum glucose and a decrease in the tubular reabsorption of phosphate in association with cholestasis secondary to a gallbladder carcinoma. All these abnormalities returned to normal when the serum bilirubin levels decreased following surgical treatment. This clinical observation suggests that the reversible renal tubular transport defect was secondary to high levels of serum bilirubin.

Selective and partial IgA deficiency in an adolescent male with bronchiectasis.

Selective IgA deficiency is the most common primary immunodeficiency. Two types of selective IgA deficiency may be distinguished: the complete form, with IgA level less than 5 mg/dl, and the partial IgA deficiency, with level greater than 5 mg/dl but less than 2 standard deviations below the age-adjusted mean level; 50% of the cases belong to the partial type and half of them may be considered as transient clinical form. Patterns of this condition, are very unsteady: while some patients remain without any symptoms, others present recurrent respiratory and gastrointestinal tract infections. Though respiratory tract infections are the most frequent diseases, and in very few patients are associated bronchiectasis. A twelve-year-old patient with permanent partial IgA deficiency was treated for bronchiectasis in our pneumology and allergy pediatric center. The other serum immunoglobulins, IgG subclass, lymphocytes sub-populations, cell with expression of DR markers and proliferative response to PHA of peripheral blood lymphocytes, were normal. The alpha-1-antitrypsin, Mantoux test (negative), sweat chloride concentration and ciliated nasal epithelium were also normal. Pneumonia, bronchiectasis and meningitis are found in the complete IgA deficiency. The greater part of studies confirm that this severe, chronic and/or recurrent lower respiratory tract diseases are scarcely found in children with partial selective IgA deficiency, although our case states that it can be found. We think that in every patient with bronchiectasis the selective IgA deficiency complete or partial, has to be considered as an isolated etiologic factor.

Interferon-alpha-2b enhances the natural killer activity of patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.

BACKGROUND: Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder is associated with alterations in the immune system of the host. The authors demonstrated that in patients with bladder carcinoma there is a negative correlation between the levels of natural killer (NK) activity and the clinical evolution and pathologic stages of disease. METHODS: The authors investigated the effect of various doses of recombinant interferon-alpha-2b (IFN-alpha-2b) for variable periods of culture on the nonmajor histocompatibility-restricted cytotoxic activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) with or without CD16 and CD3-depleted populations from patients with superficial (confined to the mucosa or lamina propria) and infiltrative (those infiltrating beyond the lamina propria) TCC of the bladder using 4-hour 51-sodium chromate (51Cr)-release cytotoxicity assays against both NK-sensitive (K562) and NK-resistant (JY) tumor target cells. RESULTS: The normal NK activity detected in PBMNC from patients with superficial TCC of the bladder can be significantly enhanced by short-term (18-hour) incubation with recombinant IFN-alpha (P < 0.05). The depressed NK cytotoxic activity found in PBMNC from patients with infiltrative TCC can also be significantly enhanced, but not normalized, by short-term (18-hour) incubation with recombinant IFN-alpha (P < 0.05). Short-term recombinant IFN-alpha-incubated PBMNC from patients with superficial, but not infiltrative, TCC of the bladder also showed marked cytotoxic activity against NK-resistant target cells. By selection with CD16 or CD3 monoclonal antibodies and complement, it was also found that the precursor and effector lymphocytes of this recombinant IFN-alpha-promoted cytotoxicity belong to NK lineage. In kinetic studies, it was found that the maximal levels of the recombinant IFN-alpha-promoted cytotoxic activity against NK-sensitive and NK-resistant target cells in PBMNC from patients with TCC were reached after 18 hours of culture. CONCLUSION: Recombinant IFN-alpha can enhance the nonmajor histocompatibility-restricted cytotoxic activity of PBMNC from patients with TCC of the bladder.

Clinical implications of natural killer (NK) cytotoxicity in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix.

Natural killer (NK) activity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from women with squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix (SCCUC) was studied. PBMC were obtained from 26 previously untreated patients with SCCUC at different stages of disease according to the FIGO classification (5 at stage I, 4 at stage II, 5 at stage III, 6 at stage IVa, and 6 belonging to stage IVb), as well as from 23 healthy age-matched women. These cells were used as effectors against 51Cr-labeled K-562 target cells in standard 4-hr cytotoxic assays. The NK activity displayed by PBMC from patients with local stages of the neoplasm (I, II, III, and IVa) was found to be similar to that exerted by PBMC from healthy controls (P greater than 0.05). Furthermore, there were no significant differences among mean values of NK activity in PBMC from women at these different stages of the disease (P greater than 0.05). However, the NK activity detected in the PBMC of patients with distant metastatic spread of the disease (stage IVb) was significantly depressed with respect to both controls and patients at any other earlier stage (P less than 0.05). We conclude that a decrease in the NK activity present in PBMC from women with SCCUC coincides with distant tumoral dissemination of the disease.

Lymphokine induction of NK-like cytotoxicity in T cells from B-CLL.

T cells from patients with B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) exhibit defective natural killer (NK) activity. In this study, we have analyzed the cytotoxic-inducer effects of gamma interferon (gamma-IFN) and supernatants containing interleukin 2 (IL 2 sup). T cells from patients with B-CLL were incubated with gamma-IFN or IL 2 sup. gamma-IFN did not modulate the very low or undetectable levels of NK activity present in the T cell population. However, the IL 2 sup induced a potent cellular cytotoxicity against NK-sensitive and NK-resistant tumoral target cells. This cytotoxic inducer effect (a) was present in lectin-free IL 2 sup and in a 15,000- to 20,000-dalton molecular weight fraction obtained by gel filtration chromatography of this supernatant; (b) was directed against NK-sensitive and NK-resistant target cells; (c) was not correlated with the basal levels of NK activity; and (d) was not associated with a development or augmentation of the proportion of lymphocytes with classic NK cell phenotype. Taken together, these results demonstrate that unstimulated T cells from B-CLL patients, incubated briefly (18 hours) with IL 2 sup but not gamma-IFN, have strong NK-like cytotoxicity, despite the lack of classic NK activity.

Acute leukemia of hybrid phenotype: T lymphoid and myelomonocytic markers.

Several unique phenotypical and functional characteristics were found together in a patient with acute poorly differentiated leukemia. The blast cells showed an unusual T-cell phenotype, forming spontaneous rosettes with sheep red blood cells and expressing the T11 antigen, but were negative for the other immature or mature T markers tested--Leu-1, 3A1, T3, T4, T8, T9, T10, T6, and TdT--and reacted with the monoclonal antibody OKM1 expressed by myeloid lineage cells and which is also present in natural killer (NK) cells. Furthermore, these cells were able to produce interleukin-2 (IL-2) after mitogenic stimulation and showed cytotoxic activity against K-562 target cells after incubation with an IL-2 supernatant. These features do not correspond to any known stage of the T-cell differentiation pathway and may represent the expansion of a pre-NK cell which may be poorly represented in normal tissues.