Subcycle dynamics of excitons under strong laser fields.

Excitons play a key role in the linear optical response of two-dimensional (2D) materials. However, their role in the nonlinear response to intense, nonresonant, low-frequency light is often overlooked as strong fields are expected to tear the electron-hole pair apart. Using high-harmonic generation as a spectroscopic tool, we theoretically study their formation and role in the nonlinear optical response. We show that the excitonic contribution is prominent and that excitons remain stable even when the driving laser field surpasses the strength of the Coulomb field binding the electron-hole pair. We demonstrate a parallel between the behavior of strongly laser-driven excitons in 2D solids and strongly driven Rydberg states in atoms, including the mechanisms of their formation and stability. Last, we show how the excitonic contribution can be singled out by encapsulating the 2D material in a dielectric, tuning the excitonic energy and its contribution to the high-harmonic spectrum.

Climatic niche shift after range expansion of Eustachys (Poaceae).

Eustachys presents lower diversity in the Old World than in the Neotropics and it occurs disjunctly between main tropical regions. This qualifies Eustachys as a good model to test whether lineages expand their niches during the process of range expansion. We performed ancestral range reconstruction, compared environmental spaces of the different geographic areas and assessed bioclimatic trait evolution. Ancestral range reconstruction indicated that most speciation in Eustachys occurred in the South America. Ancestral climatic niches of the New World are different from those of African and Australasia lineages. Our results show that Eustachys experienced niche expansion when it reached the New World. Evolutionary history of Eustachys illustrates how the range expansion promoted climatic niche shifts, which could drive unbalanced species richness of the genus among different tropical regions.

Towards a species-level phylogeny for Neotropical Myrtaceae: Notes on topology and resources for future studies.

PREMISE: Increasingly complete phylogenies underpin studies in systematics, ecology, and evolution. Myrteae (Myrtaceae), with ~2700 species, is a key component of the exceptionally diverse Neotropical flora, but given its complicated taxonomy, automated assembling of molecular supermatrices from public databases often lead to unreliable topologies due to poor species identification. METHODS: Here, we build a taxonomically verified molecular supermatrix of Neotropical Myrteae by assembling 3909 published and 1004 unpublished sequences from two nuclear and seven plastid molecular markers. We infer a time-calibrated phylogenetic tree that covers 712 species of Myrteae (~28% of the total diversity in the clade) and evaluate geographic and taxonomic gaps in sampling. RESULTS: The tree inferred from the fully concatenated matrix mostly reflects the topology of the plastid data set and there is a moderate to strong incongruence between trees inferred from nuclear and plastid partitions. Large, species-rich genera are still the poorest sampled within the group. Eastern South America is the best-represented area in proportion to its species diversity, while Western Amazon, Mesoamerica, and the Caribbean are the least represented. CONCLUSIONS: We provide a time-calibrated tree that can be more reliably used to address finer-scale eco-evolutionary questions that involve this group in the Neotropics. Gaps to be filled by future studies include improving representation of taxa and areas that remain poorly sampled, investigating causes of conflict between nuclear and plastid partitions, and the role of hybridization and incomplete lineage sorting in relationships that are poorly supported.

Critical Phase Dualities in 1D Exactly Solvable Quasiperiodic Models.

We propose a solvable class of 1D quasiperiodic tight-binding models encompassing extended, localized, and critical phases, separated by nontrivial mobility edges. Limiting cases include the Aubry-André model and the models of Sriram Ganeshan, J. H. Pixley, and S. Das Sarma [Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 146601 (2015)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.114.146601] and J. Biddle and S. Das Sarma [Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 070601 (2010)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.104.070601]. The analytical treatment follows from recognizing these models as a novel type of fixed points of the renormalization group procedure recently proposed in Phys. Rev. B 108, L100201 (2023)10.1103/PhysRevB.108.L100201 for characterizing phases of quasiperiodic structures. Beyond known limits, the proposed class of models extends previously encountered localized-delocalized duality transformations to points within multifractal critical phases. Besides an experimental confirmation of multifractal duality, realizing the proposed class of models in optical lattices allows stabilizing multifractal critical phases and nontrivial mobility edges in an undriven system without the need for the unbounded potentials required by previous proposals.

Relationship between fruit phenotypes and domestication in hexaploid populations of biribá (Annona mucosa) in Brazilian Amazonia.

Background: Biribá (Annona mucosa Jacq.) is a fruit tree domesticated in Amazonia and has polyploid populations. The species presents ample phenotypic variation in fruit characteristics, including weight (100-4,000 g) and differences in carpel protrusions. Two cytotypes are recorded in the literature (2n = 28, 42) and genome size records are divergent (2C = 4.77, 5.42 and 6.00 pg). To decipher the role of polyploidy in the domestication of A. mucosa, we examined the relationships among phenotypic variation, chromosome number and genome size, and which came first, polyploidization or domestication. Methodology: We performed chromosome counts of A. mucosa from central and western Brazilian Amazonia, and estimated genome size by flow cytometry. We performed phylogenetic reconstruction with publicly available data using a Bayesian framework, time divergence analysis and reconstructed the ancestral chromosome number for the genus Annona and for A. mucosa. Results: We observed that variation in fruit phenotypes is not associated with variation in chromosome number and genome size. The most recent common ancestor of A. mucosa is inferred to be polyploid and diverged before domestication. Conclusions: We conclude that, when domesticated, A. mucosa was already polyploid and we suggest that human selection is the main evolutionary force behind fruit size and fruit morphological variation in Annona mucosa.

Quantum Biochemistry Screening and In Vitro Evaluation of Leishmania Metalloproteinase Inhibitors.

Leishmanolysin, also known as major promastigote protease (PSP) or gp63, is the most abundant surface glycoprotein of Leishmania spp., and has been extensively studied and recognized as the main parasite virulence factor. Characterized as a metalloprotease, gp63 can be powerfully inactivated in the presence of a metal chelator. In this study, we first used the structural parameters of a 7-hydroxycoumarin derivative, L1 compound, to evaluate the theoretical-computational experiments against gp63, comparing it with an available metal chelator already described. The methodology followed was (i) analysis of the three-dimensional structure of gp63 as well as its active site, and searching the literature and molecular databases for possible inhibitors; (ii) molecular docking simulations and investigation of the interactions in the generated protein-ligand complexes; and (iii) the individual energy of the gp63 amino acids that interacted most with the ligands of interest was quantified by ab initio calculations using Molecular Fraction with Conjugated Caps (MFCC). MFCC still allowed the final quantum balance calculations of the protein interaction to be obtained with each inhibitor candidate binder. L1 obtained the best energy quantum balance result with -2 eV, followed by DETC (-1.4 eV), doxycycline (-1.3 eV), and 4-terpineol (-0.6 eV), and showed evidence of covalent binding in the enzyme active site. In vitro experiments confirmed L1 as highly effective against L. amazonensis parasites. The compound also exhibited a low cytotoxicity profile against mammalian RAW and 3T3 cells lines, presenting a selective index of 149.19 and 380.64 µM, respectively. L1 induced promastigote forms' death by necrosis and the ultrastructural analysis revealed disruption in membrane integrity. Furthermore, leakage of the contents and destruction of the parasite were confirmed by Spectroscopy Dispersion analysis. These results together suggested L1 has a potential effect against L. amazonensis, the etiologic agent of diffuse leishmaniasis, and the only one that currently does not have a satisfactory treatment.

New records and morphological recognition of Metaxya C. Presl (Metaxyaceae) species in the Brazilian Amazon / Novos registros e reconhecimento morfológico das espécies de Metaxya C. Presl (Metaxyaceae) na Amazônia brasileira

The record of new occurrences of species is of paramount importance for the study of neotropical biodiversity, needing to be allied to a set of well-defined morphological characters. Hence, with a focus on Amazonian biodiversity, the object of our study is the genus Metaxya (Metaxyaceae). Metaxya C. Presl. has a wide distribution in Tropical America and in Brazil are recorded four of the six recognized species in the genus: M. lanosa A. R. Sm. & Tuomisto, M. rostrata (Kunth) C.Presl, M. scalaris Tuomisto & G.G.Cárdenas and M. parkeri (Hook. & Grev.) J. Sm. Thus, our aim was to revisit and look for diagnostic morphological traits for each species, adding one more point of view of species recognition, therefore, contribute to the understanding of the geographic distribution of this group. To achieve these aims, around 1,450 Metaxya samples deposited in the herbaria of national and foreign institutions were analyzed. This work presents brief morphological descriptions of species occurring in the Brazilian Amazon, comments on the morphological differences between species and their phylogenetic relationships. Additionally, we provide an identification key, new occurrences of M. rostrata for the States of Rondônia and Roraima, also M. scalaris for the Antilles and the first citation of M. parkeri for the Cerrado biome. Finally, we indicate here an isolectotype of M. parkeri in the collection of the Kew Botanical Garden (K).

O registro de novas ocorrências de espécies é de suma importância para o estudo da biodiversidade neotropical, precisando estar aliado a um conjunto de caracteres morfológicos bem definidos. Nesse sentido, com foco na biodiversidade Amazônica, o objeto do nosso estudo é o gênero Metaxya C. Presl. (Metaxyaceae). Este gênero apresenta uma ampla distribuição na América Tropical e no Brasil há relato de ocorrência de quatro das seis espécies atualmente reconhecidas no gênero: M. lanosa A. R. Sm. & Tuomisto, M. rostrata (Kunth) C.Presl, M. scalaris Tuomisto & G.G.Cárdenas e M. parkeri (Hook. & Grev.) J. Sm.. Assim, nosso objetivo foi revisitar e buscar características morfológicas diagnósticas de cada espécie que sejam mais intuitivas e que adicione mais um ponto de vista acerca do reconhecimento das espécies, e assim contribuir no entendimento da distribuição geográfica desse grupo. Para isso, foram analisadas cerca de 1.450 exsicatas de Metaxya depositadas nos herbários de instituições nacionais e do exterior. Neste trabalho são apresentadas breves descrições morfológicas das espécies ocorrentes na Amazônia brasileira, comentários sobre as diferenças morfológicas entre as espécies e suas relações filogenéticas. Adicionalmente, apresentamos uma chave de identificação, além de novas ocorrências de M. rostrata para os Estados de Rondônia e Roraima, de M. scalaris para as Antilhas e a primeira citação de M. parkeri para o bioma Cerrado. Também é indicado aqui um isolectotipo de M. parkeri na coleção do Jardim Botânico do Kew (K).

The Evolution of Cytogenetic Traits in Cuscuta (Convolvulaceae), the Genus With the Most Diverse Chromosomes in Angiosperms.

Karyotypes are characterized by traits such as chromosome number, which can change through whole-genome duplication and dysploidy. In the parasitic plant genus Cuscuta (Convolvulaceae), chromosome numbers vary more than 18-fold. In addition, species of this group show the highest diversity in terms of genome size among angiosperms, as well as a wide variation in the number and distribution of 5S and 35S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sites. To understand its karyotypic evolution, ancestral character state reconstructions were performed for chromosome number, genome size, and position of 5S and 35S rDNA sites. Previous cytogenetic data were reviewed and complemented with original chromosome counts, genome size estimates, and rDNA distribution assessed via fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), for two, seven, and 10 species, respectively. Starting from an ancestral chromosome number of x = 15, duplications were inferred as the prevalent evolutionary process. However, in holocentric clade (subgenus Cuscuta), dysploidy was identified as the main evolutionary mechanism, typical of holocentric karyotypes. The ancestral genome size of Cuscuta was inferred as approximately 1C = 12 Gbp, with an average genome size of 1C = 2.8 Gbp. This indicates an expansion of the genome size relative to other Convolvulaceae, which may be linked to the parasitic lifestyle of Cuscuta. Finally, the position of rDNA sites varied mostly in species with multiple sites in the same karyotype. This feature may be related to the amplification of rDNA sites in association to other repeats present in the heterochromatin. The data suggest that different mechanisms acted in different subgenera, generating the exceptional diversity of karyotypes in Cuscuta.

Cerebral abscess secondary to embolization of arteriovenous malformation: A case report and literature review.

BACKGROUND: Infectious complications of the central nervous system secondary to endovascular procedures have rarely been reported. However, the number of complications has grown exponentially owing to the popularization of these procedures. The success rate of these procedures varies with the pathology, the patient, and surgical performance. Although brain abscesses have been extensively reported, their presence after endovascular procedures has not been described in detail in the literature. We present a case of brain abscess induced by embolization of an arteriovenous malformation (AVM), discuss the main indications, techniques, procedural complications, and review the associated literature. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 13-year-old boy presented to us with a history of hemorrhagic stroke secondary to a cerebral AVM rupture. He underwent incomplete AVM resection (2014), with subsequent incomplete embolization (2017), and permanence of the endovenous catheter as a procedural complication. Physical examination revealed purulent exudate through the cervical surgical wound. We performed cervicotomy to remove the catheter but had no success in removing the intracranial material segment. The patient was subsequently diagnosed with a brain abscess (2018) and treated with antibiotics. Our team performed resection of the residual AVM, abscess, and the catheter-associated with the region. CONCLUSION: The patient showed significant clinical improvement after surgical resection of the malformation. No residual lesions were observed in the imaging examinations. Further, we reviewed the literature to find other cases of similar complications and their association with the endovascular procedure. We did not find complications in patients younger than the one presented in this case. Factors such as incomplete embolisation increase the risk of unfavourable outcomes.

Building a microneurosurgical laboratory in Latin America: challenges and possibilities.

BACKGROUND: Training in microsurgical neuroanatomy is a priority for neurosurgical education. During the 20th century, microsurgical laboratories arose and provided a way to develop surgical skills. Few reports addressed the assembly, construction, and details of a training laboratory. METHODS: We have conducted a literature review and searched legislation on the need to plan the structure of the laboratory. RESULTS: We projected and built a laboratory through a public-private partnership. High-tech workstations and instruments were planned to meet the needs of residents, fellows, and student. All steps and materials were in accordance with the Brazilian legislation and articles previously selected. CONCLUSION: We described our experience and demonstrated the implementation of a micro neurosurgical skills laboratory.

Microsurgical treatment for cerebellomesencephalic fissure arteriovenous malformations after multiple sessions of endovascular treatment.

BACKGROUND: Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are relatively uncommon congenital vascular anomalies, and only 7-15% of AVMs occur in the posterior fossa. Most posterior fossa AVMs clinically present with hemorrhage and are associated with a high risk of neurological deficits and mortality. These malformations are associated with a high incidence of flow-related aneurysms. Endovascular treatment of infratentorial AVMs is challenging in pediatric patients. CASE DESCRIPTION: We describe an 11-year-old female adolescent with cerebellar syndrome [Video 1], who was diagnosed with a cerebellomesencephalic fissure AVM. We observed a sequential increase in the size of the AVM after multiple sessions of endovascular treatment and performed successful microsurgical resection of the lesion. CONCLUSION: This illustrative video highlights the role of microsurgery as a feasible therapeutic strategy for complete resection of cerebellar AVMs after endovascular embolization.

Phylogeny, divergence times, and diversification in Calophyllaceae: Linking key characters and habitat changes to the evolution of Neotropical Calophylleae.

The clusioid clade comprises five monophyletic families: Bonnetiaceae, Calophyllaceae, Clusiaceae s.s., Hypericaceae, and Podostemaceae. Even though the circumscription of these families is well established, phylogenetic relationships within some families remain unresolved. This study aims to infer phylogenetic relationships within the Neotropical Calophylleae based on a broad sampling of taxa and a multilocus approach. We then use our phylogenetic framework as basis to investigate the evolution and biogeography of Calophylleae and diversification shifts in Calophyllaceae. To reconstruct the phylogeny of the Neotropical Calophylleae, we used five plastid (matK, ndhF, rbcL, psbA-trnH, and trnK), two mitochondrial (matR and rps3), and two nuclear (EMB2765 and ITS) markers, including previously published and newly generated sequences. We sampled 74 species, increasing sampling of Neotropical taxa by 500%. Our phylogenetic hypothesis for Calophyllaceae provides additional support for the monophyly of all genera and allowed us to identify four main clades: Calophyllum, Kayea, Mammea, and the Neotropical clade. The Neotropical clade includes three main lineages, a small clade composed of Clusiella and Marila, and a large HaCaKi clade (i.e., Haplocarpa, Caraipa, and Kilmeyera) that is sister to Mahurea exstipulata. The evolution of three morphological traits (i.e., fleshy fruits, anther glands, and winged seeds) were shown to be associated with changes in evolutionary dynamics in Calophyllaceae, while a biome shift was detected in Kielmeyera, affecting net diversification within this genus. Major geological and climatic events such as the Andean uplift and a gradual decrease in temperatures seem to have influenced diversification rates within the Neotropical Calophylleae.

Combined treatment for a hemispheric cerebellar AVM.

Posterior fossa arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) can be a challenging disease, especially those large in size. AVMs can be treated with a combination of endovascular treatment and microsurgery. Here, the authors present the case of a 16-year-old female patient with progressive dizziness and episodic syncope. The workup of the patient showed a hemispheric cerebellar AVM, Spetzler-Martin grade IV. She underwent combined treatment (endovascular and microsurgery) with no complications and cure of the malformation. The video can be found here: https://youtu.be/rNw_Kyd76Mg.

Anterior Clinoidectomy: Intradural Step-by-Step En Bloc Removal Technique.

OBJECTIVE: Anterior clinoidectomy is an important and essential skill for skull base and cerebrovascular neurosurgeons. We present a 1-piece intradural anterior clinoidectomy, providing a step-by-step description of the technique, independently of anatomic variations. METHODS: Between 2014 and 2020, 128 patients (119 women and 9 men; average age, 54.6 years) underwent intradural anterior clinoidectomy during microsurgical clipping of carotid-ophthalmic aneurysms. RESULTS: The anterior clinoid process continues medially with the planum sphenoidale, over the optic nerve, laterally with the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone, and inferiorly with the optic strut, which is always found anteriorly to the clinoid segment of the internal carotid artery, and separates the optic canal from the superior orbital fissure. The proposed anterior clinoidectomy followed, one after the other, these 3 fixation points for the detachment of the anterior clinoid process. The main indication for intradural anterior clinoidectomy was the management of vascular lesions around paraclinoid (clinoidal and ophthalmic) segments of the internal carotid artery. Complications of the procedure included injury to the internal carotid artery or the ophthalmic artery, thermal damage to the optic nerve, and invasion of the sphenoid sinus or a pneumatized anterior clinoid process, which could lead to postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leakage. CONCLUSIONS: The anterior clinoidectomy technique described here minimizes the drilling surface for detachment of the anterior clinoid process and reduces operative time as well as the amount of bone dust produced by drilling. It also precisely delineates the localization of the optic strut, preventing carotid or optic nerve damage.

Toxicidades Gastrointestinais em Mulheres durante Tratamento Quimioterápico do Câncer de Mama / Gastrointestinal Toxicities in Women During Breast Cancer Chemotherapy Treatment / Toxicidades Gastrointestinales en Mujeres durante el Tratamiento de Quimioterapia del Cáncer de Mama

Introdução: Os agentes quimioterápicos para o tratamento do câncer de mama frequentemente provocam toxicidades sistêmicas nas pacientes, incluindo alterações gastrointestinais. Objetivo: Identificar toxicidades gastrointestinais em mulheres durante o tratamento quimioterápico do câncer de mama. Método: Estudo descritivo-exploratório, quantitativo e transversal, utilizando prontuários médicos de pacientes em quimioterapia entre fevereiro de 2014 e fevereiro de 2015 em um serviço de oncologia. Após rastreamento e seleção, foram incluídas 194 pacientes. Resultados: De modo geral, foram identificadas 457 manifestações clínicas gastrointestinais, das quais 50,5% das participantes apresentaram até duas e 49,5% apresentaram entre três e cinco. Além disso, 74,2% apresentaram náusea, 43,3% dor abdominal, 40,7% diarreia, 39,2% vômito e 37,6% constipação. A ocorrência de três a cinco toxicidades esteve relacionada com a ocorrência de fadiga (p=0,002) e perda de peso (p=0,003), bem como a quantidade de ciclos quimioterápicos influenciou positivamente na severidade de náusea (p=0,041) e vômito (p=0,023). Os agentes quimioterápicos experimentados não influenciaram nessas toxicidades. Por fim, houve náusea e vômito [...]

Introduction: Chemotherapeutic agents for breast cancer treatment often cause systemic toxicities in patients, including gastrointestinal alterations. Objective: To identify gastrointestinal toxicities in women during breast cancer chemotherapy. Method: Descriptive-exploratory, quantitative and cross-sectional study using medical records of patients undergoing chemotherapy between February 2014 and February 2015 in an oncology service. After screening and selection, 194 patients were included. Results: In general, 457 gastrointestinal clinical manifestations were identified, of which 50.5% of the participants had up to two and 49.5% had between three and five. In addition, 74.2% had nausea, 43.3% abdominal pain, 40.7% diarrhea, 39.2% vomiting and 37.6% constipation. The occurrence of three to five toxicities was related to the occurrence of fatigue (p=0.002) and weight loss (p=0.003), as well as the number of chemotherapy cycles positively influenced the severity of nausea (p=0.041) and vomiting (p=0.023). The chemotherapeutic agents taken did not influence the occurrence of these toxicities. Lastly, nausea and vomiting [...]

Introducción: Los agentes quimioterapéuticos para el tratamiento del cáncer de seno a menudo causan toxicidades sistémicas en pacientes, incluidos alteraciones gastrointestinales. Objetivo: Identificación de toxicidades gastrointestinales en mujeres durante la quimioterapia contra el cáncer de mama. Método: Estudio descriptivo-exploratorio, cuantitativo y transversal utilizando historias clínicas de pacientes sometidos a quimioterapia entre febrero de 2014 y febrero de 2015 en un servicio de oncología. Después del cribado y la selección, se incluyeron 194 pacientes. Resultados: En general, se identificaron 457 manifestaciones clínicas gastrointestinales, de las cuales el 50,5% de los participantes tenían hasta dos y el 49,5% tenían entre tres y cinco. Además, 74,2% tenía náuseas, 43,3% dolor abdominal, 40,7% diarrea, 39,2% vómitos y 37,6% estreñimiento. La aparición de tres a cinco toxicidades se relacionó con la aparición de fatiga (p=0,002) y pérdida de peso (p=0,003), así como el número de ciclos de quimioterapia influyó positivamente en la gravedad de las náuseas (p=0,041) y los vómitos (p=0,023). Los agentes quimioterapéuticos experimentados no influyeron en la aparición de estas toxicidades. Finalmente, la aparición de náuseas y vómitos[...]

Primary school educational intervention r egarding schistosomiasis in a riverside community, northeastern Brazil

Schistosomiasis is still a serious public health concern in Brazil and Sergipe State presents the highest prevalence rate of the disease. Brazil implemented the Schistosomiasis Control Program (PCE) with several strategies to control the disease, including health education actions in endemic areas. Herein, we assessed the impact of an educational intervention on knowledge concerning schistosomiasis in students from a riverside village of Sergipe, Northeastern Brazil. The study was carried out in 3 phases. 1) A questionnaire was applied to assess the students' knowledge about the biological, clinical, and epidemiological aspects of schistosomiasis mansoni (pre-test). 2) Next, an educational intervention was conducted. Pamphlets about schistosomiasis were distributed to the entire school community, who were then invited to a lecture. 3) A post-test was performed using the questionnaire to assess acquired knowledge. 151 elementary school students were interviewed. 2.6% of the pre-test students and 4.3% of the post-test group had already been diagnosed with schistosomiasis. In the pre-test, only 24.5% knew the cause of the disease and 48.3% the transmission sites. In the post-test, 74.3% (OR= 8.9; p-value<0.0001) knew the etiology and 77.1% the possible transmission sites (OR= 3.6; p-value<0.0001). There was also significant improvement in knowledge regarding signs, symptoms and prophylactic measures. Most students were unaware of the risk of reinfection by Schistosoma mansoni after treatment. The educational intervention proved quite effective in increasing information on schistosomiasis. These results reinforce the importance of health education as an auxiliary tool in the control of schistosomiasis.

Reações adversas em pacientes oncológicos após tratamento radioterápico / Adverse reactions in oncological patients after radiotherapy treatment

Objetivo: Descrever reações adversas após tratamento radioterápico em pessoas com câncer atendidas em um ambulatório de radioterapia. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo documental por meio da coleta de dados em prontuários clínicos. Foram avaliados 436 pacientes que realizaram tratamento radioterápico em busca de episódios de reações adversas registrados nos prontuários. Foram elegíveis os pacientes maiores de 18 anos com diagnóstico de neoplasia (confirmado por laudos citopatológicos e/ou histopatológico) que realizaram cinco ou mais sessões de radioterapia entre 2015 e 2016. Resultados: 353 prontuários clínicos foram incluídos (83,6%) e 1.390 reações associadas ao tratamento radioterápico foram descritas nestes pacientes, sendo 53,2% mulheres. As reações adversas mais frequentes relacionadas à radioterapia foram dor (14%), radiodermite (9%) e falta de apetite (8%). 69% dos pacientes não apresentavam sinais ou sintomas antes do diagnóstico, sendo 25% diagnosticados com adenocarcinoma. A técnica de radioterapia mais utilizada foi a 3D (67%), com cerca de 30 frações (14%) e 5000 Gy como dose total planejada (17%). 70% dos pacientes que apresentaram reações adversas possuíam ao menos uma comorbidade. Conclusão: A radioterapia pode estar associada à diversas reações adversas, variando os sinais e sintomas nos pacientes acometidos. A prevenção e o manejo destas condições podem potencializar o tratamento, reduzindo a morbidade e a mortalidade, além de proporcionar qualidade de vida aos pacientes com câncer.

Objective: To describe adverse reactions after radiotherapy treatment in cancer patients treated at a radiotherapy outpatient service. Method: It is a documentary study through the collection of data in clinical records. 436 patients who underwent radiotherapy treatment were evaluated in search of episodes of adverse reactions. Patients over 18 years of age diagnosed with neoplasia (confirmed by cytopathological and/or histopathological reports) who underwent five or more radiotherapy sessions between 2015 and 2016 were eligible. Results: 353 clinical records were included (83.6%) and 1,390 reactions associated with radiotherapy were described in these patients, being 53.2% women. The most frequent adverse reactions related to radiotherapy were pain (14%), radiodermatitis (9%) and poor appetite (8%). 69% of patients had no signs or symptoms before diagnosis, 25% being diagnosed with adenocarcinoma. The most used radiotherapy technique was 3D (67%), with about 30 fractions (14%) and 5000 Gy as the total planned dose (17%). 70% of patients who experienced adverse reactions had at least one comorbidity. Conclusion: Radiotherapy can be associated with several adverse reactions, with different signs and symptoms in affected patients. The prevention and management of these conditions can enhance treatment, reducing morbidity and mortality, in addition to providing quality of life to cancer patients.