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1.
Comput Struct Biotechnol J ; 14: 185-99, 2016.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27293535

RESUMEN

One of the major challenges in the medical domain today is how to exploit the huge amount of data that this field generates. To do this, approaches are required that are capable of discovering knowledge that is useful for decision making in the medical field. Time series are data types that are common in the medical domain and require specialized analysis techniques and tools, especially if the information of interest to specialists is concentrated within particular time series regions, known as events. This research followed the steps specified by the so-called knowledge discovery in databases (KDD) process to discover knowledge from medical time series derived from stabilometric (396 series) and electroencephalographic (200) patient electronic health records (EHR). The view offered in the paper is based on the experience gathered as part of the VIIP project. Knowledge discovery in medical time series has a number of difficulties and implications that are highlighted by illustrating the application of several techniques that cover the entire KDD process through two case studies. This paper illustrates the application of different knowledge discovery techniques for the purposes of classification within the above domains. The accuracy of this application for the two classes considered in each case is 99.86% and 98.11% for epilepsy diagnosis in the electroencephalography (EEG) domain and 99.4% and 99.1% for early-age sports talent classification in the stabilometry domain. The KDD techniques achieve better results than other traditional neural network-based classification techniques.

3.
J Urol ; 170(5): 1978-81, 2003 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14532838

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: We assessed the efficacy and most appropriate dosage of trospium chloride (TCl) for managing bladder instability in children as compared with a placebo. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 58 patients with bladder instability were allocated at random to 1 of 5 groups-10, 15, 20 or 25 mg TCl, or placebo administered daily in a multicenter, randomized, single-blind clinical study. Patients were treated for 21 days, and current symptoms, voiding diary and urodynamic values were collected at the beginning and end of the treatment period. All adverse events were recorded at the last visit. RESULTS: Of 50 patients treated with TCl 41 (82%) had a positive therapeutic result (excellent, good or fair) versus only 3 of 8 patients with improvement in the placebo group (37.5%, p = 0.006). In all responding patients clinical symptoms either resolved or decreased markedly, and in 37 (74%) this improvement was accompanied by urodynamic improvement. In these 37 children the average number of uninhibited contractions decreased by 54.3% (p <0.0001) and the volume at first contraction increased by 71.4% (p = 0.001). There were no statistically significant differences with regard to therapeutic efficacy between TCl dosages. Fourteen patients (9 with TCl, 5 with placebo) showed no clinical improvement, although some had improved urodynamic parameters. Furthermore, TCl was well tolerated with few patients (10%) experiencing adverse effects. CONCLUSIONS: Trospium chloride (10 to 25 mg total daily dosage, split into 2 doses) is an effective option for the management of detrusor instability in children.


Asunto(s)
Hipertonía Muscular/tratamiento farmacológico , Nortropanos/administración & dosificación , Parasimpatolíticos/administración & dosificación , Incontinencia Urinaria/tratamiento farmacológico , Urodinámica/efectos de los fármacos , Adolescente , Bencilatos , Niño , Preescolar , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Hipertonía Muscular/fisiopatología , Nortropanos/efectos adversos , Parasimpatolíticos/efectos adversos , Método Simple Ciego , Resultado del Tratamiento , Incontinencia Urinaria/fisiopatología , Urodinámica/fisiología
4.
Acta Stomatol Belg ; 93(4): 155-8, 1996 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9658635

RESUMEN

Blunt injury of the internal carotid artery (ICA) is a rare entity that should be considered by Maxillofacial surgeons in patients with facial fractures. Its recognition is often delayed because of the common association with other severe multi-system injuries. Early diagnosis is the key to successful management; the arteriography plays a confirmatory role on the diagnosis and determines whether surgical management of the injury is feasible. Therapeutic alternatives vary from one center to another; they include observation, conservative treatment, anticoagulation, ligation of the carotid artery with or without extracranial-intracranial bypass, and arterial reconstruction.


Asunto(s)
Traumatismos de las Arterias Carótidas , Traumatismos del Cuello/etiología , Heridas no Penetrantes/etiología , Adulto , Angiografía , Isquemia Encefálica/diagnóstico por imagen , Isquemia Encefálica/etiología , Trombosis de las Arterias Carótidas/diagnóstico por imagen , Trombosis de las Arterias Carótidas/etiología , Arteria Carótida Interna/diagnóstico por imagen , Infarto Cerebral/diagnóstico por imagen , Infarto Cerebral/etiología , Estudios de Factibilidad , Humanos , Masculino , Traumatismos del Cuello/diagnóstico por imagen , Traumatismos del Cuello/terapia , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Heridas no Penetrantes/diagnóstico por imagen , Heridas no Penetrantes/terapia
5.
Arch Bronconeumol ; 32(8): 397-402, 1996 Oct.
Artículo en Español | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8983567

RESUMEN

To compare 24-h and 12-h delayed-release theophylline in asthmatic patients, in terms of clinical stability and respiratory function, side effects and required dose, clinical tolerance and plasma concentrations. Patients with bronchial asthma in stable phase taking theophylline every 12 h were selected. Each patient received 12-h (treatment A) and 24-h (treatment B) theophylline formulas in a prospective, cross-over study with paired data for periods of 15 days. We evaluated theophylline doses, blood levels, clinical course, lung function and side effects. Twenty patients were enrolled. No significant differences between the two treatments were observed in mean dose of theophylline per kg body weight required to obtain therapeutic plasma concentrations (treatment A: 9.36 +/- 1.88 mg/kg/day; treatment B: 9.6 +/- 1.7 mg/kg/day). Mean blood level just before administration of a the next dose was lower with the 24-h formula, but still within therapeutic margins (treatment A: 7.31 +/- 2.27 micrograms/ml; treatment B: 10.66 +/- 2.86 micrograms/ml; p = 0.002). There were no differences in side effects after the adjustment period or in FEV1 after each treatment period. Peak expiratory flow remained stable during the study. The 24-h delayed release theophylline formula was similar to the 12-h formula in dose required by asthmatic patients and in therapeutic plasma concentrations throughout the day.


Asunto(s)
Asma/tratamiento farmacológico , Broncodilatadores/uso terapéutico , Teofilina/uso terapéutico , Adulto , Asma/fisiopatología , Broncodilatadores/administración & dosificación , Estudios Cruzados , Preparaciones de Acción Retardada , Volumen Espiratorio Forzado , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Prospectivos , Teofilina/administración & dosificación
6.
Gastroenterology ; 103(4): 1267-72, 1992 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1397884

RESUMEN

To assess the efficacy of selective intestinal decontamination with norfloxacin in the prevention of bacterial infections in cirrhotic patients with gastrointestinal hemorrhage, 119 patients were included in a prospective randomized study. Group 1 (n = 60) received norfloxacin orally or through a nasogastric tube, 400 mg twice daily for 7 days beginning immediately after emergency gastroscopy; group 2 (n = 59) was the control group. We found a significantly lower incidence of infections (10% vs. 37.2%; P = 0.001), bacteremia and/or spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (3.3% vs. 16.9%; P less than 0.05), and urinary infections (0% vs. 18.6%; P = 0.001) in patients receiving norfloxacin, as a consequence of decrease in the incidence of infections caused by aerobic gram-negative bacilli. The decrease in mortality observed in the treated group (6.6% vs. 11.8%) did not reach statistical significance. The cost for antibiotic treatment showed a 62% reduction in the treated group compared with the control group. The results show that selective intestinal decontamination with norfloxacin is useful in preventing bacterial infections in cirrhotics with gastrointestinal hemorrhage.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones Bacterianas/prevención & control , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/complicaciones , Cirrosis Hepática/complicaciones , Norfloxacino/uso terapéutico , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad
7.
Rev Esp Enferm Dig ; 81(5): 322-6, 1992 May.
Artículo en Español | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1616740

RESUMEN

The aim of the study has been to assess if intermittent treatment with norfloxacin could be able to maintain selective intestinal decontamination in cirrhotic patients in order to prevent bacterial infections. Group I (n = 10, subgroup Ia, n = 5, hospitalized cirrhotics, subgroup Ib, n = 5, outpatient cirrhotics) received 400 mg/24 h norfloxacin 7 days. Group II (n = 5, outpatient cirrhotics) received 400 mg/12 h norfloxacin 7 days. Gram-negative aerobic bacilli of the fecal floral were strongly suppressed in all patients at the end of the treatment, and they totally (Group I) or partially (Group II) recovered the initial concentrations 7 days after the end of the treatment. There were not significant differences between subgroups Ia and Ib. These results suggest that prophylactic treatment with norfloxacin in cirrhotic patients at high risk of infection should be continuous during the period in whom patients must be submitted to selective intestinal decontamination.


Asunto(s)
Heces/microbiología , Bacterias Aerobias Gramnegativas/efectos de los fármacos , Cirrosis Hepática/microbiología , Norfloxacino/administración & dosificación , Administración Oral , Evaluación de Medicamentos , Bacterias Aerobias Gramnegativas/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Bacterias Gramnegativas/prevención & control , Humanos , Cirrosis Hepática/complicaciones , Factores de Tiempo
9.
Surg Neurol ; 25(2): 185-90, 1986 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3941989

RESUMEN

A 55-year-old man developed a delayed locked-in syndrome after a mild head injury. Angiography showed bilateral distal vertebral artery occlusion. Anticoagulant therapy and energetic medical management to promote collateral circulation to the structures in the posterior fossa led to a functional recovery. A review of the reported cases of posttraumatic locked-in syndrome has allowed the authors to differentiate between two types: the first is due to primary brainstem injury and the second is due to secondary brainstem ischemia. Both types have different modes of onset, mechanisms of production, angiographic findings, and prognosis. It is concluded that, with early diagnosis and vigorous medical management, expectations for a useful recovery are high, especially in those cases of posttraumatic locked-in syndrome due to secondary brainstem ischemia.


Asunto(s)
Arteriopatías Oclusivas/complicaciones , Lesiones Encefálicas/complicaciones , Cuadriplejía/etiología , Adulto , Arteriopatías Oclusivas/diagnóstico por imagen , Arteriopatías Oclusivas/fisiopatología , Lesiones Encefálicas/diagnóstico por imagen , Lesiones Encefálicas/fisiopatología , Isquemia Encefálica/diagnóstico por imagen , Isquemia Encefálica/etiología , Isquemia Encefálica/fisiopatología , Tronco Encefálico/diagnóstico por imagen , Tronco Encefálico/lesiones , Tronco Encefálico/fisiopatología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Cuadriplejía/diagnóstico por imagen , Cuadriplejía/fisiopatología , Cuadriplejía/terapia , Radiografía , Arteria Vertebral
14.
Eur Urol ; 1(2): 99-100, 1975.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1241896

RESUMEN

In this study, 32 cases of cancer of the genito-urinary tract are discussed from the viewpoint of immunology. In eight cases treated surgically, there has been no evidence of recurrence over a period of 1-4 years. Those with a good immunological response have a satisfactory course. Patients with a good response have been treated by radical surgery depending on the stage of the tumour, whilst those with a poor response have been treated less radically by reduction of the tumour mass in the hope that a better response may develop. The authors of this report feel that the 'inhibition of the lymphocyte migration test' is a very important factor to evaluate in the study and immunological evolution of the patient. Also, and concerning cases with good immunological response, the poor results after surgery makes us consider the importance and value of blocking factors of the serum closely related to the B type lymphocytes.


Asunto(s)
Inmunidad Celular , Neoplasias Urogenitales/inmunología , Femenino , Humanos , Reacción de Inmunoadherencia , Neoplasias Renales/inmunología , Recuento de Leucocitos , Activación de Linfocitos , Masculino , Neoplasias de la Próstata/inmunología , Pruebas Cutáneas , Neoplasias Testiculares/inmunología , Neoplasias Ureterales/inmunología , Neoplasias de la Vejiga Urinaria/inmunología , Neoplasias Urogenitales/cirugía
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