RESUMEN
Due to COVID-19, many countries, like Spain, imposed lockdown on the entire population to prevent the virus from spreading. The purpose of this exploratory study is to investigate the severity of psychological symptoms, dyadic adjustment, and parental stress of parents during the first three weeks of the outbreak. It also aims to identify several risk factors that contribute to this distress. A total of 727 parents completed a form on an online platform with sociodemographic data, BSI- 18, EAD-13, and the Spanish version of the PPS. Linear regression analyses were used to explore the significant associations between the sample characteristics (sociodemographic variables and their lockdown circumstances) and parents' psychological symptoms, dyadic adjustment, and parenting stress level during the COVID-19 epidemic. Most parents maintained good emotional, personal, conjugal, and family stability; however, female gender, not living with the partner, having a child with a mental disorder and were unable to balance the work and family lives were significantly associated with greater psychological distress. Being receiving psychiatric or psychological treatment has also been associated with poorer psychological and partner adjustment during the outbreak. It is essential to continue researching the impact of lockdowns on families so that, both the government and public health authorities, can offer resources to the most vulnerable families.
RESUMEN
La alianza terapéutica en psicoterapia se ha ido configurando como una relación interpersonal existente y necesaria entre el paciente y el terapeuta. Hoy en día todas las orientaciones teóricas otorgan a la alianza terapéutica un papel importante en la relación terapéutica, ya que la relación entre la alianza terapéutica y la eficacia del tratamiento en psicoterapia ha sido constatada en numerosos estudios. La alianza debe ser tomada en consideración en cualquier tratamiento, ya que si no es debidamente trabajada puede dificultar el trabajo terapéutico y, por tanto, deben destinarse a su formación y mantenimiento tanto técnicas interpretativas como no interpretativas cuando se requieran. En psicoterapia de pareja, a causa del triángulo terapéutico y de la gran diversidad de mecanismos que operan en el tratamiento conjunto, la formación y el desarrollo de la alianza adquieren mayor dificultad. En el trabajo se describen las dimensiones de la alianza terapéutica en este tipo de tratamiento siguiendo el modelo del Sistema de Observación de la Alianza Terapéutica en Intervención Familiar (SOATIF). Evaluamos mediante la versión observacional del SOATIF (SOATIF-o) la alianza terapéutica que establece el psicoterapeuta de la serie norteamericana In treatment con la pareja que acude a su consulta durante nueve sesiones, así como los otros elementos de la relación terapéutica con los que la alianza interacciona. El trabajo es útil como herramienta de entrenamiento para familiarizarse con el instrumento y como material docente, ya que aparecen reflejados los aspectos más importantes de la relación terapéutica entre el terapeuta y la pareja.
The concept of therapeutic alliance in psychotherapy has been shaped as an existing andnecessary interpersonal relationship between the patient and the therapist. Nowadays,all theoretical orientations have assigned to the therapeutic alliance a central role inthe therapeutic relationship, as the relationship between the therapeutic alliance andthe treatment efficacy in psychotherapy has been proved in numerous studies. Thetherapeutic alliance should be taken into consideration in any treatment, because if it isnot properly treated, it can jeopardize the analytic work and, therefore, interpretive andnon- interpretive interventions must be used when required. In couple psychotherapy,because of the therapeutic triangle and the great diversity of mechanisms that operatein this type of conjoint treatment, the formation and the development of the alliancebecome more difficult. This paper describes the dimensions of the therapeutic alliancein this type of treatment based on the System for Observing Family Therapy Alliances(SOFTA). The therapeutic alliance established by the psychotherapist and a couplewho undergoes a treatment for nine sessions in the North American TV seriesInTreatmentis assessed with the observational version of the SOFTA (SOFTA-o), aswell as the other elements of the therapeutic relationship that interact with the alliance.The paper is useful as a training tool for getting familiar with the instrument and asteaching material, since the most important aspects of the therapeutic relationshipbetween the therapist and the couple are represented.
Asunto(s)
Contratransferencia , Psicología , Psicoterapia , Terapia Conyugal , Terapia Psicoanalítica , Terapia de Parejas , Transferencia PsicológicaRESUMEN
La alianza terapéutica en psicoterapia se ha ido configurando como una relación interpersonal existente y necesaria entre el paciente y el terapeuta. Hoy en día todas las orientaciones teóricas otorgan a la alianza terapéutica un papel importante en la relación terapéutica, ya que la relación entre la alianza terapéutica y la eficacia del tratamiento en psicoterapia ha sido constatada en numerosos estudios. La alianza debe ser tomada en consideración en cualquier tratamiento, ya que si no es debidamente trabajada puede dificultar el trabajo terapéutico y, por tanto, deben destinarse a su formación y mantenimiento tanto técnicas interpretativas como no interpretativas cuando se requieran. En psicoterapia de pareja, a causa del triángulo terapéutico y de la gran diversidad de mecanismos que operan en el tratamiento conjunto, la formación y el desarrollo de la alianza adquieren mayor dificultad. En el trabajo se describen las dimensiones de la alianza terapéutica en este tipo de tratamiento siguiendo el modelo del Sistema de Observación de la Alianza Terapéutica en Intervención Familiar (SOATIF). Evaluamos mediante la versión observacional del SOATIF (SOATIF-o) la alianza terapéutica que establece el psicoterapeuta de la serie norteamericana In treatment con la pareja que acude a su consulta durante nueve sesiones, así como los otros elementos de la relación terapéutica con los que la alianza interacciona. El trabajo es útil como herramienta de entrenamiento para familiarizarse con el instrumento y como material docente, ya que aparecen reflejados los aspectos más importantes de la relación terapéutica entre el terapeuta y la pareja.(AU)
The concept of therapeutic alliance in psychotherapy has been shaped as an existing andnecessary interpersonal relationship between the patient and the therapist. Nowadays,all theoretical orientations have assigned to the therapeutic alliance a central role inthe therapeutic relationship, as the relationship between the therapeutic alliance andthe treatment efficacy in psychotherapy has been proved in numerous studies. Thetherapeutic alliance should be taken into consideration in any treatment, because if it isnot properly treated, it can jeopardize the analytic work and, therefore, interpretive andnon- interpretive interventions must be used when required. In couple psychotherapy,because of the therapeutic triangle and the great diversity of mechanisms that operatein this type of conjoint treatment, the formation and the development of the alliancebecome more difficult. This paper describes the dimensions of the therapeutic alliancein this type of treatment based on the System for Observing Family Therapy Alliances(SOFTA). The therapeutic alliance established by the psychotherapist and a couplewho undergoes a treatment for nine sessions in the North American TV seriesInTreatmentis assessed with the observational version of the SOFTA (SOFTA-o), aswell as the other elements of the therapeutic relationship that interact with the alliance.The paper is useful as a training tool for getting familiar with the instrument and asteaching material, since the most important aspects of the therapeutic relationshipbetween the therapist and the couple are represented.(AU)
