Light at the end of the tunnel?

Discussion on how the modulation of Rev-Erb-alpha and the circadian CLOCK proteins remain an interesting but elusive target for modulation of acute inflammatory response in critical illness.

Fermín Cubero del Castillo. Historia de un esfuerzo y tenacidad encomiables / Fermín Cubero del Castillo: A Story of Praiseworthy Perseverance and Hard Work

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Biblioteca de la Academia Española de Dermatología y Venereología / The Library of the Spanish Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (AEDV)

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Comment on "Elucidation of charge-transfer SERS selection rules by considering the excited state properties and the role of electrode potential" by M. Mohammadpour, M. H. Khodabandeh, L. Visscher and Z. Jamshidi, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2017, 19, 7833.

The differences between alternative approaches for quantifying the complex effect of the electronic structure of charged metal-molecule hybrids in SERS (the so-called chemical enhancement mechanism) are highlighted. The discussion is focussed on the predictions obtained by using different methodological tools for modelling the role of the electrode potential in the SERS relative intensities. Finite electric fields are used in the commented paper for this purpose, but we have found some inconsistences in the results and the method for calculating the Raman intensities is not made sufficiently clear, which prevents the assessment of the results.

Electroporation-mediated delivery of the FER gene in the resolution of trauma-related fatal pneumonia.

Injured patients with lung contusion (LC) are at risk of developing bacterial pneumonia (PNA) followed by sepsis and death. A recent genome-wide association study (GWAS) showed FER gene expression positively correlating with survival rates among individuals with above conditions. We sought to determine whether electroporation (EP)-mediated delivery of FER gene could indeed improve survival, in a lethal model of combined LC and PNA. C57BL/6 mice sustained unilateral LC, which preceded a 500 Klebsiella colony forming unit (CFU) inoculation by 6 h. In-between these insults, human FER plasmid (pFER) was introduced into the lungs followed by eight EP pulses applied externally (10 ms at 200 V cm-1). Control groups included EP of empty vector (pcDNA3) or Na+/K+-ATPase genes (pPump) and no treatment (LC+PNA). We recorded survival, histology, lung mechanics, bronchial alveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, FER and inflammatory gene expression and bacteriology. The data show that 7-day survival was significantly improved by pFER compared with control groups. pFER increased BAL monocytes and activated antibacterial response genes (nitric oxide synthase (NOS), Fizz). pFER treatment showed decreased lung and blood Klebsiella counts reaching, in some cases, complete sterilization. In conclusion, FER gene delivery promoted survival in LC+PNA mice via recruitment of activated immune cells, improving efficiency of bacterial clearance within contused lung.

Characterization of NF1 frameshift mutations in pediatric patients with neurofibromatosis type I.

Neurofibromatosis type I is an autosomal dominant disease with complete penetrance and variable age-dependent expressivity. It is caused by heterozygous mutations in neurofibromin 1 (NF1). These occur throughout the length of the gene, with no apparent hotspots. Even though some mutations have been found repeatedly, most have been observed only once. This, along with the variable expressivity, has made it difficult to establish genotype-phenotype correlations. Here, we report the clinical and molecular characteristics of four pediatric patients with neurofibromatosis type I. Patients were clinically examined and DNA was extracted from peripheral blood. The whole coding sequence of NF1, plus flanking intronic regions, was examined by Sanger sequencing, and four frameshift mutations were identified. The mutation c.3810_3820delCATGCAGACTC was observed in a familial case. This mutation occurred within a sequence comprising two 8-bp direct repeats (GCAGACTC) separated by a CAT trinucleotide, with the deletion leading to the loss of the trinucleotide and the 8-bp repeat following it. The deletion might have occurred due to misalignment of the direct repeats during cell division. In the mutation c.5194delG, the deleted G is nested between two separate mononucleotide tracts (AAAGTTT), which could have played a role in creating the deletion. The other two mutations reported here are c.4076_4077insG, and c.3193_3194insA. All four mutations create premature stop codons. In three mutations, the consequence is predicted to be loss of the GAP-related, Sec14 homology, and pleckstrin homology-like domains; while in the fourth, only the latter two domains would be lost.

Álbum clínico de dermatología de Jerónimo Pérez Ortiz (1886) / Jerónimo Pérez Ortiz's 1886 Album of Clinical Dermatology

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Emotional intelligence and psychological maladjustment in adolescence: a systematic review.

The study of emotional intelligence (EI) and its association with psychological maladjustment in adolescence is a new and active area of research. However, the diverse range of EI measurements and aspects of psychological maladjustment examined make it difficult to synthesize the findings and apply them to practice. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review to summarize the relationship between EI and adolescents' emotional problems, eating disorder symptoms, addictions, and maladaptive coping. Using English and Spanish keywords, we identified 32 studies that found a negative association between EI and internalizing problems, depression, and anxiety. EI was also associated with less substance abuse and with better coping strategies. These associations differed slightly depending on whether EI was evaluated based on self-reporting or by testing maximum performance. We highlight methodological limitations in the literature on EI and adolescence, and we discuss potentially important areas for future research.

Emotional intelligence, life satisfaction and subjective happiness in female student health professionals: the mediating effect of perceived stress.

The objective of the present study was to extend previous findings by examining the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and well-being indicators (life satisfaction and happiness) in a 12-week follow-up study. In addition, we examined the influence of perceived stress on the relationship between EI and well-being. Female students from the School of Health Sciences (n = 264) completed an ability measure of emotional intelligence. After 12 weeks, participants completed the Perceived Stress Scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale and Subjective Happiness Scale. Participants with higher EI reported less perceived stress and higher levels of life satisfaction and happiness. The results of this study suggest that perceived stress mediates the relationship between EI and well-being indicators, specifically life satisfaction and happiness. These findings suggest an underlying process by which high emotional intelligence may increase well-being in female students in nursing and allied health sciences by reducing the experience of stress. The implications of these findings for future research and for working with health professions to improve well-being outcomes are discussed.

BIK/NBK gene as potential marker of prognostic and therapeutic target in breast cancer patients

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to determine the association between the BIK/NBK gene expression and estrogen receptor alpha expression. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We determined the association of BIK/NBK gene expression by real time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and estrogen receptor alpha expression by immunohistochemistry in samples of breast cancer tissue. RESULTS: We found a statistically significant correlation of BIK/NBK gene expression with the estrogen receptor alpha expression (ρ = 0.751, p = 0.004). For verify differences of BIK/NBK gene expression among ERα+ and ERα- breast cancer tissues, Mann-Whitney U test was performed, obtaining significant differences. CONCLUSIONS: BIK/NBK gene expression may have important clinical implications and provide predictive, prognostic or therapeutic marker in breast cancer patients according to the estrogen receptor alpha expression (AU)

Duplication of the Miller-Dieker Critical Region in a Patient with a Subtelomeric Unbalanced Translocation t(10;17)(p15.3;p13.3).

Submicroscopic duplications in the Miller-Dieker critical region have been recently described as new genomic disorders. To date, only a few cases have been reported with overlapping 17p13.3 duplications in this region. Also, small deletions that affect chromosome region 10p14→pter are rarely described in the literature. In this study, we describe, to our knowledge for the first time, a 5-year-old female patient with intellectual disability who has an unbalanced 10;17 translocation inherited from the father. The girl was diagnosed by subtelomeric FISH and array-CGH, showing a 4.43-Mb heterozygous deletion on chromosome 10p that involved 14 genes and a 3.22-Mb single-copy gain on chromosome 17p, which includes the critical region of the Miller-Dieker syndrome and 61 genes. The patient's karyotype was established as 46,XX.arr 10p15.3p15.1(138,206-4,574,436)x1,17p13.3(87,009-3,312,600)x3. Because our patient exhibits a combination of 2 imbalances, she has phenotypic features of both chromosome abnormalities, which have been reported separately. Interestingly, the majority of patients who carry the deletion 10p have visual and auditory deficiencies that are attributed to loss of the GATA3 gene. However, our patient also presents severe hearing and visual problems even though GATA3 is present, suggesting the involvement of different genes that affect the development of the visual and auditory systems.

Role of telomere length in subtelomeric gene expression and its possible relation to cellular senescence.

Transcriptional silencing of subtelomeric genes is associated with telomere length, which is correlated with age. Long and short telomeres in young and old people, respectively, coincide with gene repression and activation in each case. In addition, differential location of genes with respect to telomeres causes telomere position effect. There is very little evidence of the manner in which age-related telomere length affects the expression of specific human subtelomeric genes. We analyzed the relationship between telomere length and gene expression levels in fibroblasts derived from human donors at ages ranging from 0-70 years. We studied three groups of genes located between 100 and 150 kb, 200 and 250 kb, and > 300 kb away from telomeres. We found that the chromatin modifier-encoding genes Eu-HMTase1, ZMYND11, and RASA3 were overexpressed in adults. Our results suggest that short telomere length-related overexpression of chromatin modifiers could underlie transcriptional changes contributing to cellular senescence.

The effect of an anti-inflammatory pentapeptide produced by Entamoeba histolytica on gene expression in the U-937 monocytic cell line.

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the Monocyte Locomotion Inhibitory Factor (MLIF) effect upon the expression of genes encoding human cytokines, receptors and related factors in the human cell line U-937. MLIF (Met-Gln-Cys-Asn-Ser) is an anti-inflammatory pentapeptide produced by Entamoeba histolytica that inhibits many human monocyte functions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: U-937 cell line cultured (24 hrs/RPMI). RNA extracted by Trizol method. 385 genes were analyzed on microarray membranes, complement by real-time RT-PCR and protein expression of some affected genes. RESULTS: MLIF had a preferentially inhibitory effect on gene expression; four genes were over-expressed and 13 underexpressed in MILF vs. simple medium - constitutive expression. Three genes are over-expressed and 19 under-expressed in MLIF/PMA vs. PMA - induced expression. CONCLUSIONS: Many modified genes are products regulated by the Nuclear Factor-kappaB and Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase pathways, suggesting MLIF involvement with these two major pathways for the modulation of the inflammation and immune responses.

Una aproximación a la integración de diferentes medidas de regulación emocional / Theoretical integration of different measures of emotional regulation

El presente estudio examina la posibilidad de integración teórica de diferentes medidas de regulación emocional. En concreto se analiza la relación empírica existe entre ellas con el objetivo de comprendermejor los mecanismos sobre os que trabaja el mnejo emocional. En el estudio participaron 161 estudiantes univrsitarios que fueron evuados a través de tres medidas de regulació emocional: Inteligencia Emocional Percibida (TMMS); Estrategias de Supresión emocional y Reevaluación Cognitiva (ERQ); Afrontaietno Emocional (EAC) y en variales criteio como la Autoestima y la Satisfacción Vital (SWLS). Además este estudio investiga la validez incrmental, convergente y discriminanate de las medids de regulación emocinal para explicar la varianza de diferentes variables criterio: la satisfacción vital y la autoestima. Los resultados obtenidos fueron en la dirección esperada, mosrando que las dimensiones d elas diferentes corrientes estudiadas parecen estar evluando en la práctica el mismo tipo de estrategias de manejo emocional(AU)

This study examines the possibility of theoretical integration of different measure of emotional regulation. In particular, we analyse the empirical relationship existing between such measures with the aim of gaining a better understanding of the mehanisms on which emotional management operates. The study was carried out with 161 undergraduates that were evaluated through three measures of emotinl regulation: Perceived Emotional Inelligence (TMMS); Emotional Suppression and emotional reappraisl strategies (ERQ), Emotional copig (EAC) and in criterion variabes such as Self-Esteem and Life Satisfaction (SWLS). Likeise, the present study investigates the incremental, convergent and disriminant validity of emotional regulation measures to account for the variance of the several criterion variables: life satisfaction and self-esteem. The results obtained pointed to expected direction, showing that the dimensions of the various tendencies studied seem to be assessing in practice the same type of emotional management strategies(AU)

Inteligencia emocional, estilos de respuesta y depresión / Emotional intelligenc, responses styles and depression

Basándonos en el modelo teórico de IE Mayer y Salovey (1997) el presente estudio analizó ls relacines entre la inteligencia emocional, evaluada con el Trait meta-Mood Scale (TMMS) y el Mayer Salovey Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT), los estilos de respuestas rumiativo/distractor (Response Styes Questionnaire; RSQ),y los nivels de depresión (Beck Depresion Inentory; BDI). También se evaluó la valiez predictiva e incremental de la IE sobre depresión, controlando las variable sociodemográficas y los estilos de respuesta. En general, los resuados mostraro que, aunque el estilode respuesta era el predictor más signification, no obstante, la inteligencia emocional mostró vaianza odesta aunque significativa, Cuando se dividió a la muesra en diferentes grupos, el grupo de personas con depresión grave y lgera mostró menos habilidades emocionales que el grupo normal. Los hallazgos del presente estudio apoyan la consideración de la inteligencia emocional como un constructo teóricamnte relevante y empíricaente predictivo de ls diferencias individuales en sintomatología depresiva(AU)

Based upon Mayer and Salovey´s El model (1997), the purpose of the present study was toinvestigate the relationship between, emotinal intelligence, assessed by the Trait Meta-Mood Scale (TMMS) and the Mayer Salovey Caruso Emotional Inelligence Test (MSCEIT), the responses styles to depressed mood (rumination and distraction sytles) and the levels of deprssion (Beck Depression Inventory; BDI) in a wide sample of high shool and university students. The predictive validity of emotional controling for the effects of socio-demografic variables nd different responses styles was also examined. In general, the results showed that although responss styles were the most significant predicotr for depresion, however, emoional intelligence predicted modest but significant variance. Finally, when the sample ws divided into different groups, the slight and moderate-severe depression groups reported less emotional abiities that the normal group. Our findings support the consideration of El as a theoretically relevant construt and predictive empirically individual differences in accounted for depression(AU)

Inteligencia emocional percibida y consumo de tabaco y alcohol en adolescentes / Emotional intelligence and teenagers alcohol/tobacco consumption

Esta investigación examinó la relación entre la inteligencia emocional (IE) y el consumo de alcohol y tabaco en adolescentes. A IE entendida como la capacidad para percibir, comprender y regular las emociones de manera adecuada, se asocia con la disminución de conducas de risgo para la salud en las que se incluye el consumo de tabaco y alcohol. La hipóteis de nuestro estudio es que las personas que tengan más desarrolladas estas habilidades nor ecurrirán al consumo de drogas para regular sus estados emocionales negativos. En el etudio participaron alumnos de entre 11 y 21 años. Para evaluar la IE utilizamos el Trait Meta Mood Scale y para evaluar el consumo de sustancias adictivas empleamos el cuestionario sobr drogas del Observatorio Nacional sobre drogas. Los adolescentes con una mayor puntuación en IE muestran un menor consumo de tabaco y alcohol. Los adoescentes conuna menor puntuación en IE recurren al consumo de estas sustancias como una forma externa de autoregulación emocional(AU)

The investigacition examined the relationship between emotional intelience (EI) and teenae alcohol /tobacco consumption. Emotional intelligence, understood as the ability to perceive, undersand and regulate emotions in an adequate way, is associeated to a reduction in conducts entailing a risk for health, including tobacco and alcohol consumption. They hypothesis of our study is that persons who have developed these abilties to a larger extent shall not resort to drug consumption in order to regulate their negative emotional states. The participants of the study were students aged between 11 and 21. In order to evaluate emotional intelligence, we used the Trait Meta Mood Scale and to evaluate consumption of addictive substances we resorted to he questionnaire on drugs of the National Observatory on Durgs. Teenagers scoring higher in Emotional Intelligence reveal smaller tobacco and alcohol consumption levels. Teenagers scoring lower in Emotional Intelligence resort to consumption of these substances as an external form of emotional self-regulation(AU)