Association between Periodontal Disease and Obesity: Umbrella Review.

Objective: Determine the association between periodontal disease (PD) and obesity through an umbrella review. Materials and Methods: A search for information until March 2024 was carried out in the following electronic databases: PubMed, Cochrane library, Scopus, SciELO, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Proquest Dissertations and Theses, and OpenGrey. We included studies that were systematic reviews (SR) with or without meta-analysis, without time or language restrictions, that evaluated primary studies that associated PD with obesity. Literary or narrative reviews, rapid reviews, intervention studies, observational studies, preclinical and basic research, summaries, comments, case reports, protocols, personal opinions, letters, and posters were excluded. The AMSTAR-2 tool was used to determine the quality and overall confidence of the included studies. Results: The preliminary search yielded a total of 419 articles, discarding those that did not meet the selection criteria, leaving only 14 articles. All studies reported that PD was associated with obesity, with an OR and RR ranging from 1.1 to 1.46 and 1.64 to 2.21, respectively. Conclusions: Based on the results and conclusions of the SR with a high overall confidence level, PD is associated with obesity.

Effect of conventional and self-ligating brackets on periodontal health. Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: To compare the effect of conventional brackets and self-ligating brackets on periodontal health. Material and Methods: A search of information up to October 2022 was carried out in the following electronic databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science (WoS), EMBASE, SciELO and Google Scholar. We included studies that were randomised clinical trials, dealing with conventional brackets and self-ligating brackets and their effect on periodontal health, with no language restriction and no time limit. The Risk of Bias 2 (Rob 2.0) tool was used to determine the risk of bias of the included studies. The information selected from the studies was entered and analysed with RevMan 5.3, using the mean and standard deviation with a 95% confidence interval as a measure. Finally, an analysis was performed using the GRADE system to classify the quality of the evidence and grade the strength of the recommendation. Results: The preliminary search yielded a total of 399 articles, discarding those that did not meet the selection criteria, leaving only 13 articles. The effect of conventional and self-ligating brackets on periodontal health was determined using periodontal probing depth (PPD), plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI) and bleeding index (BI), showing advantages of self-ligating brackets in PI and BI, and no differences compared to self-ligating brackets in PPD and GI. Conclusions: Self-ligating brackets probably better preserve periodontal health compared to conventional brackets regarding plaque accumulation and bleeding on probing. Key words:Conventional brackets, self-ligating brackets, periodontal health, orthodontic treatment, systematic review, meta-analysis.

Antimicrobial Efficacy of the Use of Mouthwash with Cetylpiridinium Chloride for Aerosol Producing Procedures. A Systematic Review / Eficacia antimicrobiana del uso del enjuague bucal con cloruro de cetilpiridinio en procedimientos que generan aerosoles. Revisión sistemática

Abstract The present research aims to determine the antimicrobial efficacy of the mouthwashes based on cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), before aerosol producing dental procedures. A data search was performed during August 2021 in five databases MEDLINE (PubMed), SCOPUS, SCIELO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and Google Scholar. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were included based on the PICO question, comparing the efficacy of the mouthwashes based on cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), versus other mouthwashes and water, before aerosol producing dental procedures, papers in English, Spanish and Portuguese were included without time limits. The risk of the included studies was evaluated with the tool RoB 2.0. Number of registration PROSPERO N° CRD42021275982. 120 papers were obtained in the preliminary search, discarding those that didn't comply with the selection criteria, leaving only 3 studies. These papers reported the use of cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) was effective for the reduction of bacteria during the ultrasonic prophylactic procedure. The use of CPC mouthwashes previous to the dental treatment with ultrasonic prophylaxis showed only antibacterial capacity.

Resumen El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo determinar la eficacia antimicrobiana de los colutorios a base de cloruro de Cetilpiridinio (CPC), previo a tratamientos dentales que generen aerosol. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica hasta agosto del 2021 en cinco bases de datos: MEDLINE (vía PubMed), SCOPUS, SCIELO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) y Google Scholar. Se incluyeron ensayos clínicos aleatorizados (ECAs), basándose en la pregunta PICOS, que compare la eficacia del colutorio a base de cloruro de Cetilpiridinio (CPC) con otro colutorio, placebo o agua, previo a un tratamiento dental que genere aerosol, en los idiomas español, inglés o portugués y sin límite de tiempo. El riesgo de los estudios incluidos se evaluó con la herramienta RoB 2.0. Número de registro PROSPERO N° CRD42021275982. Se obtuvo un total de 120 artículos en la búsqueda preliminar, descartando aquellos que no cumplían con los criterios de selección, quedando sólo 3articulos. Estos artículos informaron que el uso de CPC es efectivo para la reducción de bacterias durante el procedimiento de profilaxis con ultrasonido. El uso de los enjuagues bucales a base de CPC previo al tratamiento dental de profilaxis con ultrasonido sólo tiene eficacia antibacteriana.

Análisis In vitro de yesos dentales de alta resistencia y baja expansión disponibles en Perú / In vitro analysis of high resistance and low expansion dental plasters available in Peru

Objetivo. Comparar la dureza, estabilidad dimensional y resistencia a la compresión de los yesos dentales de alta resistencia y baja expansión disponibles en el Perú. Métodos. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, observacional y transversal. Se confeccionaron muestras de forma cilíndrica (8) y rectangular (8), de siete yesos dentales de alta resistencia y baja expansión. Se evaluó la dureza utilizando el Durómetro Universal Identec, la estabilidad dimensional con un calibrador digital y la resistencia a compresión con la Máquina de Ensayo Universal. Para determinar si hay diferencia en cada una de estas propiedades se empleó el análisis de varianza, la prueba F y la prueba de Duncan. Además, se empleó la prueba de comparación de medias, t de Student, para evaluar si difieren con los valores de la ADA (Asociación Dental Americana). Resultados. La dureza, estabilidad dimen-sional y resistencia a la compresión promedio de los yesos dentales presentó diferencias significativas (p<0.05) entre cada uno con los promedios estándares establecidos por la ADA. Conclusiones. En relación resistencia a la compresión el 100% de los yesos analizados cumplen con los parámetros establecidos por la ADA, en relación estabilidad dimensional solo el 28.6% y el 100% no alcanzan los estándares de dureza promedio establecidos por la ADA.

Objective. To compare the hardness, dimensional stability, and compressive strength of high-strength, low-expansion dental plasters available in Peru, according to ADA criteria. Methods. A descriptive, observational and cross-sectional study was developed. A selection of 8 cylindrical-shaped samples and 8 rectangular- shaped ones, from seven high-resistance, low-expansion dental plasters were fabricated. The hardness was evaluated using the Identec Universal Durometer. Dimensional stability was evaluated with a digital caliper and compressive strength was evaluated with the Instron Universal Testing Machine. To determine if there is a difference in each of these properties, the analysis of variance, F test, and the Duncan's test were used. In addition, to assess whether these values differ from those of the ADA, the mean comparison test, student's t table, were used. Results. The hardness, dimensional stability and average compressive strength of the high-strength, low-expansion dental plasters showed that there are significant di-fferences (p<0.05) between each of the dental plasters and with the standard averages established by the American Dental Association. (ADA). Conclusions. 100% of the high-strength, low-expansion dental casts meet the parameters established by the ADA in terms of their compressive strength, only 28.6% of these comply with the ADA in terms of dimensional stability and that 100% of these do not meet the average hardness standards established by the ADA.

Association between the Risk of Preterm Birth and Low Birth Weight with Periodontal Disease in Pregnant Women: An Umbrella Review.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this review is to determine the association between the risk of preterm birth and low birth weight in newborns and periodontal disease in pregnant women. METHODS: A bibliographic search was carried out until November 2021 in the following biomedical databases: PubMed/Medline, Cochrane Library, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scielo, LILACS and Google Scholar. Studies reporting the association between the risk of preterm birth and low birth weight in newborns with periodontal disease in pregnant women, which were systematic reviews, in English and without time limits were included. AMSTAR-2 was used to assess the risk of the included studies, and the GRADEPro GDT tool was used to assess the quality of the evidence and the strength of the recommendation of the results. RESULTS: The preliminary search yielded a total of 161 articles, discarding those that did not meet the selection criteria, leaving only 15 articles. Seven articles were entered into a meta-analysis, and it was found that there is an association between the risk of preterm birth and low birth weight in newborns with periodontal disease in pregnant women. CONCLUSIONS: There is an association between the risk of preterm birth and low birth weight in newborns with periodontal disease in pregnant women.

Biomechanics of anterior endocrowns with different designs and depths: Study of finite elements.

Background: To date, there is no clear consensus in the literature on which endocrown design and depth is the most effective treatment option for restoring endodontically treated maxillary central incisors. Aim: To determine the stress distribution of the anterior endocrowns by means of finite element analysis. Material and Methods: Nine 3D finite element models (groups A - I) were made, each one representing a restoration system of endodontically treated upper central incisors. The models were endocrowns with and without ferrules at 0, 1, 3, and 5 mm depth and a post-core stump control group. A static load of 100N of force was applied to the palatal face at 45º from the long axis of the tooth. The Von Mise values and the maximum stress in the crown, dentin and resin cementum were evaluated separately. Results: The maximum stress distribution was C < B < A < D < H < F < E < G < I and the Von Mises stresses were in the upper 1/3 of the retainer of endocrowns A, B, C and D. ; in the vestibular neck in endocrowns E and F; in the final 1/3 of the retainer in the endocrown G; in the middle 1/3 of the retainer in the H endocrown; and at the level of the vestibular neck of the crown in model I. Conclusions: The smallest distribution of maximum and Von Mises stresses was observed in model C. Key words:Finite element analysis, Biomechanics, upper central incisor, endodontically treated teeth, dental restoration.

Temporomandibular Disorders, Bruxism, Perceived Stress, and Coping Strategies among Medical University Students in Times of Social Isolation during Outbreak of COVID-19 Pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic caught universities along with their students off-guard, enforcing online education. Fear of the unknown, disinformation, and isolation resulted in an increased stress level in the entire population. Medical university students are particularly endangered with high stress levels and developing TMD. Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are of multifactorial etiology, and manifest with jaw dysfunction, masticatory muscle tension or pain, as well as headache. Though bruxism can act as an exacerbating factor for TMD, stress can also play crucial role in the onset. The study aimed to measure occurrence of TMD and bruxism symptoms in the medical student population, asses the stress level, and evaluate adopted stress-coping strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. A survey study was performed among 1018 students at Medical University of Lodz during April 2020. A self-designed questionnaire for screening TMD and bruxism symptoms, Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), and Brief-COPE questionnaires were applied. TMD and bruxism symptoms were observed in the majority of subjects during social isolation. The perceived stress levels were significantly higher in those experiencing TMD and bruxism symptoms. Mostly maladaptive, emotion-focused coping strategies were chosen by study subjects experiencing high levels of stress. Choosing Self-Blaming as a coping strategy is the strongest predictor of perceived stress.

Association between orthodontic treatment and the occurrence of temporomandibular disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are related to a series of clinical manifestations that appear in the form of pain. Currently, there is controversy about the appearance of TMDs after orthodontic treatment. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to determine the association between orthodontic treatment and the occurrence of Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD). Material and Methods: A bibliographic search was carried out until April 2022, in the following electronic databases: Pubmed/Medline, Scopus, Scielo, Google Scholar and Web of Science. We included studies that were case-control and cohort studies, dealing with the association between orthodontic treatment and TMD, in English and Spanish, and with no time limit. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to assess risk in the included studies. In addition, RevMan 5.3 was considered for meta-analysis, using as a measure the ODDS ratio in a random-effects model with a 95% confidence interval. Results: The preliminary search yielded a total of 686 articles, discarding those that did not meet the selection criteria, leaving only 6 articles. These studies reported that there is a significant association between orthodontic treatment and the occurrence of TMD, equivalent to an ODDS ratio of 1.84 with a confidence interval of 1.19-2.83. Conclusions: It is concluded that there is an association between orthodontic treatment and the occurrence of TMD, therefore, a person undergoing orthodontic treatment is up to 1.84 times more likely to develop TMD. Key words:Orthodontic treatment, temporomandibular disorders, orthodontics, cases and controls, cohorts, review, Meta-Analysis.

Stability of biomaterials used in adjunct to coronally advanced flap: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

AIM: The objective of this network meta-analysis was to rank different biomaterials used in adjunct to coronally advanced flap (CAF), based on their performance in root-coverage for Miller's Class I and II gingival recessions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An electronic database search was carried out in PUBMED, CENTRAL, SCOPUS, and EMBASE to identify the eligible articles and compiled into the citation manager to remove the duplicates. The primary outcome was keratinized gingival tissue width (KGW) and percentage of root coverage (%RC). The treatment effect of different biomaterials was estimated using predictive interval plots and ranked based on biomaterials performance, using multidimensional scale ranking. RESULTS: CAF + connective tissue graft (CTG), CAF + platelet concentrate matrix (PCM) and acellular dermal matrix (ADM) ranked at the top positions in performance in improving KGW. The highest ranked materials in improving percentage of root coverage in gingival recession were CAF + collagen matrix (CM) + gingival fibroblasts (GF), CAF + ADM + platelet rich plasma (PRP) and CAF + ADM, as compared to CAF alone. CONCLUSION: CTG, ADM, platelet concentrates, and CM + GFs, when used in adjunct to CAF, showed improved stability over ≥12 months of follow-up, better percentage of root coverage, and improved keratinized gingival width.

Comparación de Dos Diseños de Colgajo en la Exodoncia de Terceros Molares Mandibulares Impactados. Un Ensayo Clínico Controlado Aleatorizado Paralelo a Ciego Simple

RESUMEN: El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar si existe diferencia entre dos diseños de colgajo en la exodoncia de terceros molares impactados. El presente estudio es un ensayo clínico controlado aleatorizado paralelo a ciego simple. Se llevó a cabo en la Clínica Estomatológica de la Universidad Nacional de Trujillo - Perú, entre los meses de agosto y octubre del 2012. La muestra estuvo conformada por 40 pacientes divididos de forma aleatoria en 2 grupos, cada paciente firmó un consentimiento informado. Al grupo A (control) se le realizó un diseño de colgajo convencional en bayoneta y al grupo B (experimental) se le realizó un diseño de colgajo en bayoneta modificado por los autores (colgajo P&R); para la exodoncia de los terceros molares impactados. El efecto del diseño de colgajo (epitelización, ausencia de dehiscencia y/o fenestración, alveolitis o infección) fueron evaluadas a los 7 y 14 días después de la cirugía. La significancia estadística fu e de un 5 % En el colgajo P&R, el 95 % de los pacientes presentaron una mejor epitelización a los 7 días post quirúrgicos, mientras que, para el colgajo de bayoneta convencional presentaba dehiscencia y/o fenestración incluso a los 14 días después de la cirugía. No se registró ninguna complicación post quirúrgica en los pacientes en los que se utilizó el colgajo P&R. El colgajo P&R presenta buenos resultados post operatorios, en pacientes sometidos a exodoncia del tercer molar mandibular impactado, en comparación al colgajo en bayoneta convencional.

ABSTRACT: The aim of this work was to determine if there is a difference between two flap designs in the extraction of impacted third molars. The present study is a simple blind parallel randomized controlled clinical trial. It was carried out at the Dental Clinic of the Universidad Nacional de Trujillo - Peru, between the months of August and October 2012. The sample consisted of 40 patients randomly divided into 2 groups, each patient signed an informed consent. Group A (control) underwent a conventional bayonet flap design and group B (experimental) underwent a bayonet flap design modified by the authors (P&R flap); for the extraction of impacted third molars. The effect of the flap design (epithelization, absence of dehiscence and / or fenestration, alveolitis or infection) were evaluated at 7 and 14 days after surgery. Statistical significance was 5 %. In the P&R flap, 95 % of the patients presented better epithelialization 7 days after surgery, while, for the conventional bayonet flap, they presented dehiscence and / or fenestration even 14 days after surgery. No postoperative complications were recorded in the patients in whom the P&R flap was used. The P&R flap presents good post- operative results in patients undergoing extraction of the impacted mandibular third molar, compared to the conventional bayonet flap.

Recombinant factors for periodontal intrabony defects: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of preclinical studies.

The use of bioactive agents combined with osteoconductive scaffolds for the regeneration of periodontal intrabony defects has been the subject of intensive research in the past 20 years. Most studies reported that such agents, used in different concentrations, doses and combined with various scaffolds, might promote periodontal tissue regeneration, but evidence for the most effective combination of such agents is lacking. The objective of this study 13 was to rank the different combinations of recombinant human-derived growth and differentiation factors with/without scaffold biomaterial in the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects, through network meta-analysis of pre-clinical studies. The systematic review and network meta-analysis protocol was registered on the PROSPERO Systematic Review database with reference number: CRD42021213673. Relevant published articles were obtained after searching five electronic databases. A specific search strategy was followed by using keywords related to intrabony defects, regenerative materials, scaffolds and recombinant factors, and animal studies. All pre-clinical studies used for periodontal regeneration were included. The primary outcomes were: regeneration of junctional epithelium (mm), new cementum, connective tissue attachment, percentage of new bone formation (%), bone area (mm2 ), bone volume density (g/cm3 ) and bone height (mm) data was extracted. The analysis was carried out using network meta-analysis methods, that is illustrating network plots, contribution plots, predictive and confidence interval plot, surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA), multidimensional scale ranking and net funnel plots using STATA IC statistical software. An SYRCLE's tool for assessing risk of bias was used for reporting risk of bias among individual studies. A total of N = 24 for qualitative and N = 21 studies for quantitative analysis published till 2020 were included. The cumulative total number of animals included in the control and test groups were N = 162 and N = 339, respectively. The duration of the study was between 3 and 102 weeks rhBMP-2 ranked higher in SUCRA as the agent associated with the best performance for bone volume density. rhGDF-5/TCP ranked best in the bone area (mm2), rhPDGF-BB/Equine ranked best in bone height (mm), rhBMP-2 ranked best in the percentage of new bone fill, rhBMP-2/ACS ranked best in new cementum formation, and rhGDF-5/b- TCP/PLGA ranked best in connective tissue attachment and junctional epithelium. There were no adverse effects identified in the literature that could affect the different outcomes for regeneration in intrabony defects. Various recombinant factors are effective in promoting the regeneration of both soft and hard tissue supporting structures of the periodontium. However, when considering different outcomes, different agents, associated or not with biomaterials, ranked best. Keeping into account the limited transferability of results from animal studies to the clinical setting, the choice of the most appropriate formulation of bioactive agents may depend on clinical needs and purpose.

Efectividad clínica y radiográfica de las estatinas en el tratamiento de la periodontitis / Clinical and radiographic effectiveness of statins in the treatment of periodontitis

Introducción: La enfermedad periodontal es un padecimiento inflamatorio, infeccioso y multifactorial crónico, caracterizado por la inflamación de los tejidos blandos periodontales. En estadios avanzados (periodontitis), produce la destrucción progresiva de los tejidos duros periodontales, lo que conduce a la posterior pérdida de dientes, si esta no es tratada. Objetivo: Determinar la efectividad clínica y radiográfica de las estatinas en el tratamiento de la periodontitis. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda de la literatura hasta abril del 2019, en las bases de datos biomé dicas: PubMed, Embase, SciELO, Science Direct, Scopus, Sistema de información sobre literatura gris en Europa, Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud, Google Académico y el Registro Central de Ensayos Clínicos Cochrane. Se definieron como criterios de selección de los estudios que fueran ensayos clínicos aleatorizados, con una antigüedad máxima de cinco años y que reportaran los efectos clínicos y radiográficos (profundidad al sondaje, nivel de inserción clínica, índice de placa, índice de sangrado, índice gingival, defecto intraóseo y profundidad del defecto) de las estatinas en el tratamiento de la periodontitis. Se analizó el riesgo de sesgo de los estudios por el Manual Cochrane de revisiones sistemáticas de intervenciones. Resultados: La estrategia de búsqueda arrojó 19 artículos, de los cuales el 100 por ciento reportó que había diferencia en la profundidad al sondaje, nivel de inserción clínica, índice de placa, índice de sangrado, índice gingival, defecto intraóseo y profundidad del defecto de las estatinas en el tratamiento de la periodontitis. Conclusiones: La literatura revisada sugiere que el uso de estatinas es efectivo, clínica y radiográficamente, en el tratamiento de la periodontitis(AU)

Introduction: Periodontal disease is a chronic multifactorial infectious inflammatory condition characterized by inflammation of soft periodontal tissue. In advanced stages (periodontitis) it causes progressive destruction of hard periodontal tissue, leading to eventual tooth loss if not treated. Objective: Determine the clinical and radiographic effectiveness of statins in the treatment of periodontitis. Methods: A search was carried out in the literature published until April 2019 in the biomedical databases PubMed, Embase, SciELO, Science Direct, Scopus, System for Information on Gray Literature in Europe, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Central Register of Clinical Trials. The following selection criteria were defined for the studies: randomized clinical trials published in the last five years and reporting on clinical and radiographic effects (probing depth, clinical insertion level, plaque index, bleeding index, gingival index, intraosseous defect and defect depth) of statins in the treatment of periodontitis. Bias risk analysis was based on the Cochrane manual of systematic reviews of interventions. Results: A total 19 papers were retrieved, of which 100 percent reported differences in the probing depth, clinical insertion level, plaque index, bleeding index, gingival index, intraosseous defect and defect depth of statins in the treatment of periodontitis. Conclusions: The literature review conducted suggests that the use of statins is clinically and radiographically effective in the treatment of periodontitis(AU)

Recombinant Human Derived Growth and Differentiating Factors in treatment of periodontal intrabony defects: Systematic review and network meta-analysis.

The introduction of recombinant human growth and differentiation factors (rhGFs) for intrabony defects regeneration has represented a considerable breakthrough in recent years. However, they have been used in different concentrations, doses and combined with various scaffolds, and there is no evidence on which the most effective formulation for periodontal regeneration is. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate and rank the various formulations of such bioactive agents through network meta-analysis of clinical studies. The protocol registration was done on PROSPERO with registration ID CRD42020213753. To report NMA, we followed PRISMA guidelines and searched PUBMED, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Central electronic databases. Studies were screened based on specific inclusion criteria. Primary outcomes extracted from included studies were the most common indexes for periodontal regeneration (PPD, CAL, %bone filling). The NMA analysis included network plots, contribution plots, inconsistency plots (if eligible to form the loop), predictive interval plots, SUCRA rankings and multidimensional scale ranking (MDS) plots. SUCRA would demonstrate the rankings of multiple competing bioactive agents based on their best performance. Twelve clinical studies for qualitative and quantitative analysis were considered. Network meta-analysis found that rhFGF + hyaluronic acid was ranked highest in PPD and CAL outcome. rhPDGF-BB + ß-tricalcium phosphate was ranked highest in the percentage of bone filling. In addition, all bioactive agents performed better than control groups without rhGFs. Despite clear benefits deriving from rhGFs for periodontal regeneration, the present results should be interpreted with caution due to several confounding factors affecting the outcome. Nevertheless, further well designed randomized clinical trials will allow establishing guidelines for an appropriate indication of the use of rhGFs.

Effects of some peruvian non-distilled alcoholic beverages on dental erosion / Efecto de algunas bebidas alcohólicas peruanas no destiladas sobre la erosión dental

Objective: To determine the erosive effect of pieces of permanent teeth exposed to non-distilled alcoholic beverages. Material and Methods: This study takes a quantitative approach, with an explanatory scope, descriptive and correlational, with a pure experimental design. The sample consisted of 45 premolar permanent teeth, which were randomly allocated to five sample groups. Every sample group was submerged in dark beer Cuzqueña Negra, wheat beer Cuzqueña de Trigo, lager beer Cerveza Cristal, lager beer Pilsen Callao and physiological saline solution; every solution had a quantity of 110 mL. The experiment was performed for five minutes, with three repetitions every 12 hours over a period of 70 days. The sampling was performed every seven days, using an analytical scale and a data sheet. Results: The average weight loss of dental pieces put in dark beer Cuzqueña Negra (pH 4.0) was 239.4456 mg. In lager beer Pilsen Callao (pH 4.6), it was 146.7867 mg. In lager beer Cerveza Cristal (pH 3.7), it was 131.3567 mg. In wheat beer Cuzqueña de Trigo (pH 4.5), it was 121.7122 mg. Lastly, in physiological saline solution (pH 6.8), it was 14.3311 mg. When applied to the sample, the statistical test Student's t-test resulted in a value of p≈0.000 (p<0.05). Conclusion: Non-distilled alcoholic beverages caused erosive effects in the pieces of permanent teeth.

Objetivo: : Determinar el efecto erosivo en dientes permanentes expuestos a bebidas alcohólicas no destiladas. Material y Métodos: Este estudio tiene un enfoque cuantitativo, con alcance explicativo, descriptivo y correlacional, con un diseño puramente experimental. La muestra consistió en 45 dientes permanentes premolares, que fueron asignados aleatoriamente a cinco grupos de muestra. Cada grupo de muestra se sumergió en cerveza Cuzqueña Negra, cerveza Cuzqueña de Trigo, Cerveza Cristal, cerveza Pilsen Callao y solución salina fisiológica; cada solución tenía una cantidad de 110 mL. El experimento se realizó durante cinco minutos, con tres repeticiones cada 12 horas durante un período de 70 días. El muestreo se realizó cada siete días, utilizando una escala analítica y una hoja de datos. Resultados: La pérdida de peso promedio de las piezas dentales colocadas en cerveza negra Cuzqueña Negra (pH 4,0) fue de 239,4456 mg. En la cerveza Pilsen Callao (pH 4,6), fue de 146,7867 mg. En la cerveza Cerveza Cristal (pH 3,7) fue de 131,3567 mg. En cerveza Cuzqueña de Trigo (pH 4,5), fue de 121,7122 mg. Por último, en suero fisiológico (pH 6,8) fue de 14,3311 mg. Cuando se aplicó la prueba estadística t de Student a la muestra dio como resultado un valor de p?0,000 (p<0,05). Conclusion: Las bebidas alcohólicas no destiladas causaron efectos erosivos en dientes permanentes.

Clinical effectiveness of pre-treatment with chlorhexidine in adhesive dental restorations: systematic review and meta-analysis / Eficacia clínica del pretratamiento con clorhexidina en restauraciones dentales adhesivas: revisión sistemática y metanálisis

Objective: To determine, by means of a systematic review and meta-analysis, the clinical effectiveness of pre-treatment with chlorhexidine (CHX) in adhesive dental restorations. Material and Methods: A literature search was conducted until February 2020, in the biomedical databases: Pubmed, Embase, Scielo, Science Direct, Scopus, SIGLE, LILACS, Google Scholar and the Cochrane Central Registry of Clinical Trials. The selection criteria of the studies were defined, which were: randomized and controlled clinical trials, without language and time restrictions, and reporting the clinical effects (retention, marginal discoloration, marginal adaptation, postoperative sensitivity and secondary caries) of pre-CHX treatment in adhesive dental restorations. Study risk of bias was analyzed using the Cochrane Handbook of Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Results:The search strategy resulted in six articles of which five entered a meta-analysis. The studies reported that there was no difference in retention, marginal discoloration, marginal adaptation, postoperative sensitivity, and secondary caries from pre-treatment with CHX in adhesive dental restorations. Conclusion: The reviewed literature suggests that pretreatment with CHX does not influence the clinical effectiveness in adhesive dental restorations.

Resumen: Antecedentes: la pandemia de COVID-19 ha desatado un ataque sin precedentes contra la humanidad en todo el mundo. El escenario en Bangladesh empeora día a día, y todos los aspectos de la sociedad están observando su impacto. Los profesionales de la salud corren un mayor riesgo de contraer la enfermedad mientras atienden a los pacientes. Objetivo: El objetivo de la investigación es explorar el conocimiento, la conciencia y las prácticas de los dentistas registrados con respecto a la epidemiología y transmisión de COVID-19 durante el rápido brote de este virus altamente contagioso en Bangladesh. Material y Métodos: Se realizó una encuesta transversal basada en la web entre los dentistas inscritos con su número de registro único válido del Consejo Médico y Dental de Bangladesh (BMDC). Se distribuyó un cuestionario estructurado entre los dentistas a través de diferentes plataformas de redes sociales. Un total de 184 dentistas participaron en la encuesta entre marzo y abril de 2020. Se realizó tanto análisis descriptivo como análisis de regresión logística multivariable. Resultados: La edad media de los odontólogos fue de 31,75 años, con una desviación estándar de 6,5 años. Aproximadamente el 29,3% de los dentistas habían completado su título de posgrado y el 76% de ellos se dedicaba a la práctica privada en el momento de la recopilación de datos. En comparación con los dentistas con educación universitaria, los dentistas con educación de posgrado tienen tres veces (OR = 3,1, IC del 95%: 1,2 - 7,9 y más de 5 veces (OR = 5,3, IC del 95%: 1,2 - 23,3) más probabilidades de tener) mejores conocimientos y prácticas hacia COVID-19 respectivamente. Los dentistas de 26 a 30 años tienen menos probabilidades de tener buenas prácticas que los dentistas más jóvenes (OR: .1; IC del 95%: .01 - .5). Sin embargo, los dentistas con menos de cinco años de experiencia tienen 10,3 (1,6 - 68,9) veces más probabilidades de tener buenas prácticas en comparación con los dentistas con más experiencia. Conclusión: La mayoría de los dentistas de Bangladesh han demostrado un buen conocimiento, conciencia y práctica con respecto a COVID-19. Recomendamos que las autoridades sanitarias, las organizaciones profesionales y los hospitales coordinen y lleven a cabo una formación avanzada obligatoria sobre enfermedades infecciosas para todos los dentistas en ejercicio del país.

Efectividad de los concentrados plaquetarios en el tratamiento de los desórdenes temporomandibulares / Effectiveness of platelet concentrates in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders

Introducción: Los desórdenes temporomandibulares son un grupo de trastornos que afectan la articulación temporomandibular y/o los tejidos musculoesqueléticos asociados. Objetivo: Determinar la efectividad de los concentrados de plaquetas en el tratamiento de los desórdenes temporomandibulares. Métodos: La búsqueda de la literatura fue realizada desde enero del 2014 hasta abril del 2019, en las bases de datos biomédicas: PubMed, Embase, SciELO, Scopus, Science Direct, Sistema de información sobre literatura gris en Europa, Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud, Google Académico y el Registro Central de Ensayos Clínicos Cochrane. Se definieron como criterios de selección de los estudios que fueran ensayos clínicos aleatorizados, con una antigüedad máxima de cinco años, que reportarann la efectividad (reducción del dolor y aumento de apertura máxima) de los concentrados plaquetarios en el tratamiento de los desórdenes temporomandibulares. El riesgo de sesgo de los estudios fue analizado por medio del Manual Cochrane de revisiones sistemáticas de intervenciones. Resultados: La estrategia de búsqueda resultó en nueve artículos, de los cuales el 100 por ciento reportó que no había diferencia en la reducción del dolor y el aumento de apertura máxima de los concentrados plaquetarios en el tratamiento de los desórdenes temporomandibulares. Conclusiones: La literatura revisada sugiere que existe una ligera evidencia de los beneficios potenciales de las inyecciones intraarticulares de los concentrados plaquetarios en pacientes con desórdenes temporomandibulares. Sin embargo, es necesario establecer un protocolo estandarizado para la preparación y aplicación de estos concentrados(AU)

Introduction: Temporomandibular disorders are a group of dysfunctions which affect the temporomandibular joint and/or associated musculoskeletal tissues. Objective: Determine the effectiveness of platelet concentrates in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders. Methods: A bibliographic search was conducted from January 2014 to April 2019 in the biomedical databases PubMed, Embase, SciELO, Scopus, Science Direct, System for Information on Gray Literature in Europe, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Central Register of Clinical Trials. The following selection criteria were defined for the studies: randomized clinical trials published in the last five years and reporting on the effectiveness (pain reduction and maximum opening increase) of platelet concentrates in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders. Bias risk analysis was based on the Cochrane manual of systematic reviews of interventions. Results: Nine papers were retrieved, of which 100 percent reported no differences in pain reduction or maximum opening increase resulting from the use of platelet concentrates in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders. Conclusions: The literature review conducted suggests that there is slight evidence of the potential benefits of intra-articular injections of platelet concentrates in patients with temporomandibular disorders. However, a standardized protocol should be established for the preparation and application of these concentrates(AU)

Efecto de la Fibrina Rica en Plaquetas en la Curación de los Tejidos Blandos de Alveolos Post Exodoncia Atraumática. Un Ensayo Clínico Controlado Aleatorizado Cruzado a Ciego Simple

RESUMEN: El objetivo de este estudio fue determinarel efecto de la fibrina rica en plaquetas (FRP) en la curación de los tejidos blandos de alveolos post exodoncia atraumática. El presente es un ensayo clínico controlado aleatorizado a ciego simple y de diseño cruzado. Se llevó a cabo en el Servicio de Odontología del Hospital Distrital Santa Isabel del Porvenir - Perú, durante los años 2016 y 2017. La muestra estuvo conformada por 51 pacientes cuyos alveolos post exodoncia fueron divididos de forma aleatoria en 2 grupos, cada paciente firmó un consentimiento informado. Al grupo A (control) se le dejó con un coágulo de sangre para su curación normal y al grupo B (experimental) se le administró FRP (como tapón y membrana), obtenido según el protocolo de Choukroun. Para determinar el efecto del FRP en la curación de los tejidos blandos de los alveolos post exodoncia atraumática se utilizó el índice de Landry. Las medidas se realizaron a los 7 y 14días después de la cirugía.Para la comparación de cada una de las variables del estudio se utilizó el Test de Mc Nemar y el Test exacto de Fisher. La significación estadística fue del 5 %. Al comparar ambos grupos en la curación de los tejidos blandos de alveolos post exodoncia atraumática se encontró que existe una diferencia estadísticamente significativa a los 7 y 14 días después de la cirugía (p0.05). La FRP presenta un efecto positivo en la curación de los tejidos blandos de alveolos post exodoncia atraumática de forma independiente del sexo y la edad.

ABSTRACT: The objective of the study was to determine the effect of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on the healing of soft tissues of socket after atraumatic exodontia. The present is a single-blind, cross-sectional randomized controlled trial. It was carried out in the Dental Service of the Santa Isabel District Hospital of Porvenir - Peru, during the years 2016 and 2017. The sample consisted of 51 patients whose alveoli post exodontia were randomly divided into 2 groups, each patient signed an informed consent. Group A (control) was left with a blood clot for normal healing and group B (experi- mental) was given PRF (as a plug and membrane), obtained according to the Choukroun protocol. The effect of PRF on the healing of the soft tissues of the alveoli after atraumatic exodontia was used the Landry index. The measurements were made at 7 and 14 days after surgery. For the comparison of each one of the variables of the study, the Mc Nemar test and the Fisher exact test were used. The statistical significance was 5 %. When comparing both groups in the healing of the soft tissues of alveoli after atraumatic exodontia, a statistically significant difference was found at 7 and 14 days after surgery (p 0.05). The PRF has a positive effect on the healing of the soft tissues of the alveoli after atraumatic exodontia independently of sex and age.

Effectiveness of Autologous Platelet Concentrates in Management of Young Immature Necrotic Permanent Teeth-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The use of autologous platelet concentrates (APCs) in regenerative endodontic procedures is inconsistent and unclear. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effectiveness of autologous platelet concentrates compared to traditional blood-clot regeneration for the management of young, immature, necrotic, permanent teeth. The digital databases MEDLINE, SCOPUS, CENTRAL, Web of Science, and EMBASE were searched to identify ten randomized clinical trials. The outcomes at postoperative follow-up, such as dentinal wall thickness (DWT), increase in root length (RL), calcific barrier formation (CB), apical closure (AC), vitality response (VR), and success rate (SR), were subjected to both qualitative synthesis and quantitative meta-analysis. The meta-analysis showed that APCs significantly improved apical closure (risk ratio (RR) = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.37; p = 0.04) and response to vitality pulp tests (RR = 1.61; 95% CI: 1.03, 2.52; p = 0.04), whereas no significant effect was observed on root lengthening, dentin wall thickness, or success rate of immature, necrotic teeth treated with regenerative endodontics. APCs could be beneficial when treating young, immature, necrotic, permanent teeth regarding better apical closure and improved response to vitality tests.

Clinical Effectiveness of Bulk-Fill and Conventional Resin Composite Restorations: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the clinical effectiveness of bulk-fill and conventional resin in composite restorations. A bibliographic search was carried out until May 2020, in the biomedical databases Pubmed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, CENTRAL and Web of Science. The study selection criteria were: randomized clinical trials, in English, with no time limit, with a follow-up greater than or equal to 6 months and that reported the clinical effects (absence of fractures, absence of discoloration or marginal staining, adequate adaptation marginal, absence of post-operative sensitivity, absence of secondary caries, adequate color stability and translucency, proper surface texture, proper anatomical form, adequate tooth integrity without wear, adequate restoration integrity, proper occlusion, absence of inflammation and adequate point of contact) of restorations made with conventional and bulk resins. The risk of bias of the study was analyzed using the Cochrane Manual of Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Sixteen articles were eligible and included in the study. The results indicated that there is no difference between restorations with conventional and bulk resins for the type of restoration, type of tooth restored and restoration technique used. However, further properly designed clinical studies are required in order to reach a better conclusion.

Effects of Surface Treatments of Glass Fiber-Reinforced Post on Bond Strength to Root Dentine: A Systematic Review.

The objective of this systematic review was to determine the influence of surface treatment of glass fiber posts on bond strength to dentine. Laboratory studies were searched in MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, PubMed Central, Scopus, and Web of Science search engine. All authors interdependently screened all identified articles for eligibility. The included studies were assessed for bias. Because of the considerable heterogeneity of the studies, a meta-analysis was not possible. Twelve articles were found eligible and included in the review. An assessment of the risk of bias in the included studies provided a result that classified the studies as low, medium, and high risk of bias. The available evidence indicated that the coronal region of the root canal bonded better to the glass fiber post than apical regions. Phosphoric acid, hydrogen peroxide, and silane application enhance post's retentiveness. In light of the current evidence, surface treatment strategies increase the bond strength of glass fiber post to dentine. However, recommendations for standardized testing methods and reporting of future clinical studies are required to maintain clinically relevant information and to understand the effects of various surface treatment of glass fiber post and their bond strength with dentine walls of the root canal.