Long Non-Coding RNA Signatures in the Ileum and Colon of Crohn's Disease Patients and Effect of Anti-TNF-α Treatment on Their Modulation.

Biological therapies only benefit one-third of patients with Crohn's disease (CD). For this reason, a deeper understanding of the mechanisms by which biologics elicit their effect on intestinal mucosa is needed. Increasing evidence points toward the involvement of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the pathogenesis of CD, although their role remains poorly studied. We aimed to characterize lncRNA profiles in the ileum and colon from CD patients and evaluate the effect of anti-TNF-α treatment on their transcription. Terminal ileum and left colon samples from 30 patients (active CD = 10, quiescent CD = 10, and healthy controls (HCs) = 10) were collected for RNA-seq. The patients were classified according to endoscopic activity. Furthermore, biopsies were cultured with infliximab, and their transcriptome was determined by Illumina gene expression array. A total of 678 differentially expressed lncRNAs between the terminal ileum and left colon were identified in HCs, 438 in patients with quiescent CD, and 468 in patients with active CD. Additionally, we identified three new lncRNAs in the ileum associated with CD activity. No differences were observed when comparing the effect of infliximab according to intestinal location, presence of disease (CD vs. HC), and activity (active vs. quiescent). The expression profiles of lncRNAs are associated with the location of intestinal tissue, being very different in the ileum and colon. The presence of CD and disease activity are associated with the differential expression of lncRNAs. No modulatory effect of infliximab has been observed in the lncRNA transcriptome.

Phylogeography of the white-crowned parrot (Pionus senilis) / Filogeografia do maitaca-de-testa-branca (Pionus senilis)

Abstract The white-crowned parrot Pionus senilis (von Spix, 1824) is distributed throughout Middle America, inhabiting the Gulf of Mexico coastal area from Tamaulipas (Mexico) to northern Panama. We used mitochondrial data (COI, ND2 and ND4) from 55 specimens to infer phylogenetic relationships, and analyzed the phylogeographic structure, genetic diversity, divergence periods, and historical demography to explore phylogeographic patterns. We found three divergent lineages: two geographically separated by the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, and the third, in Costa Rica by the Nicaragua Depression. The analysis of molecular variance and statistical analyses were consistent with genetically distinct populations. The Central American lineage diverged 1.33 million years ago, whereas the other two lines branched off 1.19 million years ago. This phylogenetic pattern has been reported in other species of Middle American birds.

Resumo A curica-de-testa-branca Pionus senilis (von Spix, 1824) está distribuída por toda a América Central, habitando a área costeira do Golfo do México de Tamaulipas (México) ao norte do Panamá. Usamos dados mitocondriais (COI, ND2 e ND4) de 55 espécimes para inferir relações filogenéticas e analisamos a estrutura filogeográfica, diversidade genética, períodos de divergência e demografia histórica para explorar padrões filogeográficos. Encontramos três linhagens divergentes: duas geograficamente separadas pelo Istmo de Tehuantepec, e a terceira, na Costa Rica pela Depressão da Nicarágua. A análise de variância molecular e as análises estatísticas foram consistentes com populações geneticamente distintas. A linhagem da América Central divergiu há 1.33 milhão de anos, enquanto as outras duas linhas se ramificaram há 1.19 milhão de anos. Este padrão filogenético foi relatado em outras espécies de aves da América Central.

Escuela de pacientes con dolor crónico no oncológico y tratamiento opioide / School of non-oncologic chronic pain patients and opioid treatment

El dolor es uno de los trastornos que más afecta y preocupa a las personas y es el síntoma acompañante que con mayor frecuencia motiva una consulta médica. La frecuencia de dolor crónico en la población adulta española es muy elevada y constituye un problema generalizado de salud pública. La Escuela de Pacientes ha demostrado su eficacia en el abordaje terapéutico de determinados procesos (hipertensión arterial, diabetes mellitus y otros). Presentamos la primera Escuela de Paciente con Dolor Crónico No Oncológico y Tratamiento Opioide implementada en el Sistema Sanitario Público de Andalucía, que ha permitido formar a pacientes en el tratamiento opioide para su proceso de dolor crónico no oncológico con muy elevado grado de satisfacción

Pain is one of the disorders that most affects and worries people and is the accompanying symptom that most often motivates medical consultation. The frequency of chronic pain in the spanish adult population is very high and constitutes a general publich health problem. The school of patients has demonstrated its effectiveness in the therapeutic approach of certain processes (arterial hypertension, mellitus diabetes and others). We present the first school of patients with non-onologic chronic pain and opioid treatment implemented in the Public Health System of Andalusia, which has allowed training patients with opioids treatment for their pain processes with a very high satisfaction degree