[A case of the importation onto the territory of Russia of cholera caused by a new serovar]. / Sluchai zavoza na territoriiu Rossii kholery, vyzvannoi novym serovarom.

Materials on the import of rarely occurring Vibrio cholerae, not belonging to group O1 of serovar O139, to the territory of Russia are presented. The clinical picture of a cholera case is described and the biological properties of V. cholerae, serovar O139, are presented. A suggestion has been made concerning the appearance of a new V. cholerae serovar, capable of ousting V. cholerae eltor, the cause of the seventh pandemic.

[Regulatory properties of the rat heart adenylate cyclase in the course of toxic-infective shock caused by Yersinia pestis]. / Reguliatornye svoistva adenilattsiklazy serdtsa krys v dinamike chumnogo toksiko-infektsionnogo shoka.

Influence of intravenously administered to rats murine toxin of Y. pestis in the dose of I mg/ml (LD100) on the regulatory properties of heart plasma membranes adenylate cyclase (AC) has been studied during the intoxication. It has been shown that basal, fluoride,- and 5-guanylyl imidodiphosphate-stimulated AC activity remained unchanged during the intoxication. Stimulation of AC by isoproterenol, glucagon and histamine did not change during the first two hours and significantly decreased after 5 hours of intoxication. Affinity of AC for the investigated hormones did not change through the experiments.

[Potential-dependent Ca2+ channels and contractile function of the heart in toxic-infectious shock caused plague]. / Potentsialzavisimye Ca2+-kanaly i sokratitel'naia funktsiia serdtsa v dinamike chumnogo toksiko-infektsionnogo shoka.

Influence of intravenous administration to rats of murine toxin of Y. pestis (1 mg/ml, LD100) on the number of potential-operated Ca(2+)-channels, alpha- and beta-adrenergic and M1-cholinergic receptors of plasma membranes and heart contractility function has been studied in rats. The number of Ca(2+)-channels in plasma membranes and contractility of heart decreased by 50% in 1 hour after the i.v. administration of toxin and further decreased up to the lethal end. During the agonal stage of the shock desensitization of beta-adrenergic receptors has been discovered, while alpha-adrenergic and M1-cholinergic receptors remained unchanged throughout the experiments.

[Glutathione and superoxide dismutase redox system in the development of toxic-infectious shock caused by Yersinia pestis toxin]. / Fermentnaia redoks-sistema glutationa i superoksiddistimustazy v dinamike chumnogo toksiko-infektsionnogo shoka.

The changes in the glutathione-dependent and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymatic activity in the rat lungs and liver tissues have been studied after the administration of plague murine toxin (LD100). It has been found out the early toxic effect in 1h in the lungs: 35% SOD and glutathione peroxidase (tributyl hydroperoxide) (GP) decrease, 87% glutathione reductase (GR) increase along with two-hold ascent of ratio GR/Glutathione-S-transferase (GT), GR/GPs. The fundamental ratio GR/GT.GPs rises in 1h 3.7 times and then falls below standard rate (5h). This is the evidence of the lungs antioxidant system potential power exhaustion. It has been established that in the liver, 4 times SOD activity increases in 2h after the toxin injection, and 1.5 times GP (tributyL) hydroperoxide) activity ascends in 1h. The ratio increase (150% for SOD/GP-H2O2 in 2h, 114% for GR/GP (tributyl hydroperoxide) and 61% for GR/GT in 5h) indicates the stable unbalance of this system. The pathogenetic significance of detoxication system disturbances in the lungs and liver tissues under the murine toxin influence is discussed.

[Prostaglandins and cyclic nucleotides in the dynamic development of an experimental poisoning syndrome caused by Yersinia pestis lipopolysaccharide]. / Prostaglandiny i tsiklicheskie nukleotidy v dinamike razvitiia éksperimental'nogo sindroma intoksikatsii, vyzvaemogo lipopolisakhanidom Yersinia pestis.

This work deals with the influence of Y. pestis lipopolysaccharide (LPS), introduced intraperitoneally in a dose of 2 LD50, on the content of prostaglandins (PG), such as PGE, PGF2 alpha and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, thromboxane, cAMP and cGMP in the liver, lungs and blood plasma of guinea pigs in the process of the development of experimental intoxication. The content of thromboxane in blood plasma increased 2.4-fold in 2 hours after intoxication and remained elevated for as long as 5 hours. Other parameters of blood plasma remained unchanged. The data obtained in this investigation indicate that thromboxane, known as a regulator of thrombogenesis, may induce early disturbances in microcirculation. A change in the content of PG was shown to occur in pulmonary tissue 2 and 5 hours after the beginning of intoxication. The content of PG in liver tissue was found to occur at a later period of the toxic action. The concentration of cyclic nucleotides (CN) in the tissues under study sharply increased even at the initial stage of the development of shock in guinea pigs. The effect of LPS on the metabolism of PG and CN, revealed in this investigation, resembles the effect produced by the thermostable fraction of "mouse" toxin.

[Effects of Y. pestis mouse toxin on carbohydrate metabolism in rats]. / Vliianie "myshinogo" toksina Y. pestis na obmen uglevodov u krys.

Effects of intravenous Y. pestis mouse toxin (LD50) injection on glucose, lactate glucagon, insulin blood levels and cAMP liver content in dynamics of intoxication development were studied. Hypoglycemia, observed 2 hours after toxin administration seems not to be due to the enhanced glucose utilization in peripheral tissues because insulin blood level during this period was decreased and lactate concentration has not been changed. Glucagon content by 2-5 hour of shock was strong elevated. Proposal is made that Y. pestis mouse toxin might induce carbohydrate metabolism alterations via direct liver glucose synthesising enzymes inhibition rather than cAMP-dependent glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis regulation disturbances in this organ.

[Interserovar antitoxic immunity to Vibrio cholerae toxins]. / Mezhserovarnyi antitoksicheskii immunitet k toksinam kholernykh vibrionov.

The immunochemical affinity of V. cholerae enterotoxins, serovars Inaba and Ogawa, has been shown in animal experiments on cross antitoxic immunity in the small intestine, the passive hemagglutination test and the toxin neutralization test. However, antitoxic interaction with both enterotoxins is characteristic only for antibodies to V. cholerae of serovar Inaba, while in animals immune to Ogawa toxin the choleragenic effect of enterotoxins produced by V. cholerae of both serovars in retained. The possible mechanisms of one-sided cross interserovar antitoxic immunity in cholera are discussed.

[Levels of prostaglandin E1 and F2 alpha in the dynamics of toxic-infectious shock induced by Yersinia pestis]. / Soderzhanie prostaglandinov E1 i F2 al'fa v dinamike razvitiia chumnogo toksiko-infektsionnogo shoka.

Murine toxin of Yersinia pestis when injected in the rat tail vein (LD50) caused pronounced alterations in PGE1 and PGF2 alpha content in different tissues (lung, heart, spleen, liver, kidney, small intestine) and blood. Heat-inactivated toxin has been shown to have the same effects as the intact toxin preparation. The changes in PG content are, probably, due to the lipopolysaccharide component of both preparations. The differences in metabolic effects between Yersinia pestis endotoxin and lipopolysaccharides of other Gram-negative bacteria are discussed.

[Cyclic nucleotides in the dynamic development of shock caused by the murine toxin of Yersinia pestis]. / Tsiklicheskie nukleotidy v dinamike razvitiia shoka, vyzyvaemogo "myshinym" toksinom Yersinia pestis.

The authors have studied the effect of Y. pestis "mouse" toxin (LD50), injected intravenously to rats, on cAMP and cGMP content in the tissues of different organs (the lungs, liver, heart, spleen, kidneys, small intestine) and in the blood in the course of the development of toxinfection shock. The effect of Y. pestis "mouse" toxin on cyclic nucleotide content in the organs of experimental animals is determined by the sum of oppositely directed effects produced by the thermostable and thermolabile fractions of the toxin. Its thermostable fraction, when introduced in the dose used in the experiments, did not kill the animals. The most pronounced changes in the cyclic nucleotide content have been detected in the lungs which appear to be the main target organ for Y. pestis "mouse" toxin.

[Vibrio eltor strain, serotype Ogawa, the producer of cholera enterotoxin]. / Shtamm vibriona El'-Tor serotipa Ogava--produtsent kholernogo énterotoksina.

V. eltor strain 1310, serotype Ogawa, an original strain capable of producing cholera enterotoxin (exotoxin) in synthetic culture media, has been obtained. The exotoxin produced by this strain can be obtained in large amounts and used as cholerigenic toxoid for immunization against cholera.