RESUMEN
Influenza D virus has been identified in America, Europe, and Asia. We detected influenza D virus antibodies in cattle and small ruminants from North (Morocco) and West (Togo and Benin) Africa. Dromedary camels in Kenya harbored influenza C or D virus antibodies, indicating a potential new host for these viruses.
Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Antivirales/sangre , Gammainfluenzavirus/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Orthomyxoviridae/epidemiología , Infecciones por Orthomyxoviridae/veterinaria , Rumiantes/virología , Thogotovirus/aislamiento & purificación , Animales , Benin/epidemiología , Camelus , Bovinos , Cabras , Pruebas de Inhibición de Hemaglutinación , Gammainfluenzavirus/clasificación , Gammainfluenzavirus/inmunología , Kenia/epidemiología , Marruecos/epidemiología , Pruebas de Neutralización , Infecciones por Orthomyxoviridae/transmisión , Infecciones por Orthomyxoviridae/virología , Ovinos , Porcinos , Thogotovirus/clasificación , Thogotovirus/inmunología , Togo/epidemiología , Carga ViralRESUMEN
We collected 325 nasal swabs from freshly slaughtered previously healthy pigs from October 2012 through January 2014 in a slaughterhouse near Lomé in Togo. Influenza A virus genome was detected by RT-PCR in 2.5-12.3% of the pooled samples, and results of hemagglutinin subtyping RT-PCR assays showed the virus in all the positive pools to be A(H1N1)pdm09. Virus was isolated on MDCK cells from a representative specimen, A/swine/Togo/ONA32/2013(H1N1). The isolate was fully sequenced and harbored eight genes similar to A(H1N1)pdm09 virus genes circulating in humans in 2012-2013, suggesting human-to-swine transmission of the pathogen.
Asunto(s)
Subtipo H1N1 del Virus de la Influenza A/genética , Infecciones por Orthomyxoviridae/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Porcinos/epidemiología , Enfermedades de los Porcinos/virología , Animales , Secuencia de Bases , Línea Celular , Perros , Hemaglutininas , Humanos , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Infecciones por Orthomyxoviridae/epidemiología , Infecciones por Orthomyxoviridae/transmisión , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN , Porcinos , Enfermedades de los Porcinos/transmisión , TogoRESUMEN
To determine the extent of animal influenza virus circulation in Côte d'Ivoire, Benin, and Togo, we initiated systematic year-round active influenza surveillance in backyard birds (predominantly chickens, guinea fowl, and ducks) and pigs. A total of 26,746 swab specimens were screened by using reverse transcription PCR. Animal influenza prevalence was estimated at 0 (95% CIs for each of the 2 study years 0-0.04% to 0-1.48% [birds] and 0-0.28% to 0-5% [pigs]). In addition, 2,276 serum samples from the same populations were negative for influenza-specific antibodies. These data indicate that the environments and host populations previously identified as harboring high levels of influenza virus in Southeast Asia do not do so in these 3 countries. The combination of climate and animal density factors might be responsible for what appears to be the absence of influenza virus in the backyard sector of the 3 countries.
