RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the outcomes of cases of prenatally-diagnosed congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM). METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated cases of prenatally-diagnosed CPAM between 2004 and 2018. Ultrasonographic features such as visualization of a fetal lung mass and heterogeneous pulmonary parenchyma were used for CPAM diagnosis. Prenatal and postnatal findings were compared in terms of accuracy regarding the CPAM diagnosis. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 27 cases. There were four cases in which the patients opted for the termination of pregnancy due to the severity of the lesion. A total of 23 neonates were delivered, and CPAM was confirmed in 15 cases. The median gestational age at delivery was 37 weeks (28-40 weeks) and the mean birth weight was 2,776 g. There were two neonatal deaths, one due to pneumothorax, and the other due to hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS). A total of five patients with respiratory problems were operated in the postpartum period. There were eight misdiagnosis: bronchopulmonary sequestration (five cases), congenital lobar emphysema (two cases), and congenital diaphragm hernia (one case). CONCLUSION: A precise postnatal diagnosis is very important to organize the proper management of the pregnancies with fetuses with CPAM. The positive predictive value of the prenatal diagnosis of CPAM via ultrasonography is of 70.3%. The differential diagnosis of CPAM may be prolonged to the postpartum period in some cases.
Asunto(s)
Malformación Adenomatoide Quística Congénita del Pulmón/diagnóstico por imagen , Ultrasonografía Prenatal , Aborto Inducido , Adulto , Peso al Nacer , Malformación Adenomatoide Quística Congénita del Pulmón/cirugía , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Errores Diagnósticos , Femenino , Edad Gestacional , Humanos , Embarazo , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
ABSTRACT Purpose: To identify the effect of pregnancy on the development of external hemorrhoids and constipation. Subjects and methods: This pilot study involved 61 primigravid women without a history of perianal diseases. Each patient was examined and filled a questionnaire between the 11th and 14th gestational week prior to prenatal screening tests. Patients were re-examined and questioned in relation to perianal symptoms and hemorrhoidal changes again in the 24th and 37th gestational weeks. Results: A total of 5, 8, and 11 women had symptomatic external hemorrhoids with or without perianal complications in the 11-14th, 24th, and 37th gestational weeks, respectively. Meanwhile, 27, 25, and 29 women complained about constipation in the 11-14th, 24th, and 37th gestational weeks, respectively. Only 4 (6.6%) patients experienced painful hemorrhoids. The overall morbidity rate was 18% (11 cases). We found a statistically significant relationship between external hemorrhoids/perianal complications and gestation-induced constipation through logistic regression analysis (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Various risk factors and biological explanations exist for the high frequency of hemorrhoids during pregnancy. Because participants were primigravid women without a history of perianal complaints, findings suggest a direct effect of pregnancy itself on the development of external hemorrhoids/perianal symptoms.
RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar o efeito da gestação sobre o desenvolvimento de hemorroidas externas e obstipação. Indivíduos e métodos: Este estudo piloto envolveu 61 mulheres primigestas sem história de doenças perianais. Cada paciente foi examinada e preencheu um questionário entre a 11ª e a 14ª semanas de gestação antes dos exames de triagem pré-natal. As pacientes foram reexaminadas e questionadas sobre sintomas perianais e mudanças hemorroidais novamente na 24ª e 37ª semanas de gestação. Resultados: Um total de 5, 8 e 11 mulheres apresentaram hemorroidas externas sintomáticas com ou sem complicações perianais na 11-14ª, 24ª e 37ª semanas de gestação, respectivamente. Enquanto isso, 27, 25 e 29 mulheres queixaram-se de obstipação na 11-14ª, 24ª e 37ª semanas de gestação, respectivamente. Apenas 4 (6,6%) pacientes apresentaram hemorroidas dolorosas. A taxa global de morbidade foi de 18% (11 casos). Encontramos uma relação estatisticamente significativa entre hemorroidas externas/complicações perianais e obstipação induzida por gestação por meio de análise de regressão logística (p < 0,001). Conclusão: Existem vários fatores de risco e explicações biológicas para a alta frequência de hemorroidas durante a gravidez. Como os participantes eram mulheres primigestas sem história de queixas perianais, os achados sugerem um efeito direto da gestação em si sobre o desenvolvimento de hemorroidas externas/sintomas perianais.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Embarazo , Complicaciones del Embarazo , Hemorroides/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Factores de Riesgo , EstreñimientoRESUMEN
UNLABELLED: Recent studies have shown that the formation of myringosclerosis could be reduced by the application of antioxidant enzymes and elements. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of coenzyme Q10 on the prevention of experimentally induced myringosclerosis. METHOD: Forty-eight healthy female wistar albino rats were bilaterally myringotomized and divided into four groups randomly. Group A received no treatment, group B was administered oral coenzyme Q10. Group C was treated with topical saline solution, group D received topically coenzyme Q10. On the 15th day of treatment, tympanic membranes were examined by otomicroscopy. Myringosclerotic lesions were documented semiquantitatively by using 4-point scale. After harvesting tympanic membranes were evaluated histopathologically. RESULTS: In group D (topical coenzyme Q10), we observed otitis within the first four days of the study and this group was excluded from the study. Regarding otomicroscopic examinations, there were no significant differences among groups in myringosclerosis formation (p = 0.241). When group A (non treatment) compared to groups B and C regarding histopathologic examination, the results demonstrated statistical significant differences (p = 0.004; p < 0.001), respectively. There was no statisticaly significant difference between groups B and C (p = 0.160). CONCLUSION: Oral administration of coenzyme Q10 did not reduce myringosclerosis formation in myringotomized rats.