Wearable sensor platforms for real-time monitoring and early warning of metabolic disorders in humans.

Nowadays, the prevalence of metabolic syndromes (MSs) has attracted increasing concerns as it is closely related to overweight and obesity, physical inactivity and overconsumption of energy, making the diagnosis and real-time monitoring of the physiological range essential and necessary for avoiding illness due to defects in the human body such as higher risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, stroke and diseases related to artery walls. However, the current sensing techniques are inconvenient and do not continuously monitor the health status of humans. Alternatively, the use of recent wearable device technology is a preferable method for the prevention of these diseases. This can enable the monitoring of the health status of humans in different health domains, including environment and structure. The use wearable devices with the purpose of facilitating rapid treatment and real-time monitoring can decrease the prevalence of MS and long-time monitor the health status of patients. This review highlights the recent advances in wearable sensors toward continuous monitoring of blood pressure and blood glucose, and further details the monitoring of abnormal obesity, triglycerides and HDL. We also discuss the challenges and future prospective of monitoring MS in humans.

Immobilization of ssDNA on a metal-organic framework derived magnetic porous carbon (MPC) composite as a fluorescent sensing platform for the detection of arsenate ions.

In this work, we fabricated a metal-organic framework derived magnetic porous carbon (MPC) composite using a one-pot solid state template method. The formation of the synthesized composite was confirmed with various spectroscopic techniques, and it was proved that the composite can effectively quench the fluorescence of ssDNA. This property was utilized in the specific and efficient recognition of harmful arsenate ions. FAM-labelled single strand DNA (FAM-ssDNA) was adsorbed on the surface of the MPC composite and immobilized viaπ-π stacking interactions, which resulted in the fluorescence emission being quenched. A fluorescence quenching efficiency of 96% was achieved, due to the huge surface area of the MPC composite. Upon the addition of As(v) ions into our sensing system, the fluorescence emission dramatically increased, due to the strong affinity for As(v) of the surface of the MPC composite. Consequently, the adsorbed FAM-ssDNA was spontaneously displaced from the surface of the MPC composite, and so the fluorescence intensity was regained. Based on this mechanism, the fabricated biosensor exhibited a highly sensitive fluorescence response to As(v) in the range from 0 to 15 nM, with a detection limit as low as 630 pM. Furthermore, the sensing system is suitable for diverse biological and environmental samples.