RESUMEN
Introduction Greying of hair is an inevitable phenomenon that occurs commonly as a person ages. It usually occurs in the fourth decade regardless of gender but now a days, even people in their early twenties can experience premature greying. The objective of our study was to determine the frequency of premature greying of hair and its impact on the socio-cultural spheres of life and self-esteem of medical students. Methodology It is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at Foundation University Medical College (FUMC) from January to February 2017. All medical students of FUMC who gave their consent were included in the study sample. Students who were absent or unwilling to participate were excluded. Data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire, which was then analysed using SPSS version 17 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). Results Out of 673 students, 210 (31.2%) suffered from premature greying of hair. The prevalence was higher among females (155/73.8%) as compared to males (55/26.2%). There was a statistical difference in perception of both the genders, regarding those with premature greying of hair trying to hide it (p-value = 0.000), premature greying of hair as contagious (p-value = .009) and the affected looking older than their actual age (p-value = 0.036). Conclusion The study showed that premature greying affected the socio-cultural spheres of students' lives. Females were more prone to developing premature greying of hair. Genetics also play a significant role in the phenomenon. No positive correlation was found by using Rosenberg Self-esteem scale.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Child malnutrition is a major public health and development concern in most of the poor communities leading to high morbidity and mortality. Various studies have highlighted the factors involved. The present study focuses on socioeconomic inequality resulting in malnutrition. Objectives of the Study were to find the Impact of socio-economic factors on nutritional status in primary school children. METHODS: It was a cross sectional survey conducted at Lahore from February to August 2005 among primary schools from public and private sectors to assess the nutritional status of primary school going children age 5-11 years belonging to different socio economic classes of the society. Systematic random sampling technique was applied to collect the sample. Body Mass Index in relation to NHANES reference population was used for assessing nutritional status. RESULTS: The nutritional status of children from lower socio economic class was poor as compared to their counter parts in upper socio economic class. Children with BMI < 5th percentile were 41% in lower class while in upper class it was 19.28%. Prevalence of malnutrition was 42.3% among children of illiterate mothers as compare to 20% in those of literate mothers. CONCLUSION: Poverty, low literacy rate, large families, food insecurity, food safety, women's education appears to be the important underlying factors responsible for poor health status of children from low socioeconomic class. It requires economic, political and social changes as well as changes for personal advancement mainly through educational opportunities to improve the nutritional status of the children.
