Variability in Lipid Profiles During Young Adulthood and the Risk of Coronary Artery Calcium Incidence in Midlife: Insights From the CARDIA Study.

BACKGROUND: Intraindividual variability in lipid profiles is recognized as a potential predictor of cardiovascular events. However, the influence of early adulthood lipid profile variability along with mean lipid levels on future coronary artery calcium (CAC) incidence remains unclear. METHODS: A total of 2395 participants (41.6% men; mean±SD age, 40.2±3.6 years) with initial CAC =0 from the CARDIA study (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) were included. Serial lipid measurements were obtained to calculate mean levels and variability of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), and triglycerides. CAC incidence was defined as CAC >0 at follow-up. RESULTS: During a mean follow-up of 9.0 years, 534 individuals (22.3%) exhibited CAC incidence. Higher mean levels of total cholesterol, LDL-C, and non-HDL-C were associated with a greater risk of future CAC incidence. Similarly, 1-SD increment of lipid variability, as assessed by variability independent of the mean, was associated with an increased risk of CAC incidence (LDL-C: hazard ratio, 1.139 [95% CI, 1.048-1.238]; P=0.002; non-HDL-C: hazard ratio, 1.102 [95% CI, 1.014-1.198]; P=0.022; and triglycerides: hazard ratio, 1.480 [95% CI, 1.384-1.582]; P<0.001). Combination analyses demonstrated that participants with both high lipid levels and high variability in lipid profiles (LDL-C and non-HDL-C) faced the greatest risk of CAC incidence. Specifically, elevated variability of LDL-C was associated with an additional risk of CAC incidence even in low mean levels of LDL-C (hazard ratio, 1.396 [95% CI, 1.106-1.763]; P=0.005). These findings remained robust across a series of sensitivity and subgroup analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Elevated variability in LDL-C and non-HDL-C during young adulthood was associated with an increased risk of CAC incidence in midlife, especially among those with high mean levels of atherogenic lipoproteins. These findings highlight the importance of maintaining consistently low levels of atherogenic lipids throughout early adulthood to reduce subclinical atherosclerosis in midlife. REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT00005130.

Experimental study of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the evaluation of random-pattern flap blood supply in the early postoperative stage in rats.

PURPOSE: This study aims to investigate whether contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) could be used to reveal the status of blood supply of the superficial flap of rat model in the early postoperative stage. METHODS: One viable and one ischemic random-pattern flap were prepared on the left and right back of the same rat respectively with a number of 40. CEUS examinations were applied within 12 h and 7 days postoperatively, and the quantitative measurements of microvascular blood volume (BV) of the base and the end of both flaps were expressed using acoustic intensity as a ratio to that of the healthy skin. RESULTS: Within 12 h post operation, there was a smaller BV value of the ischemic ends than that of both the ischemic bases and viable ends (p < 0.001), while no difference was indicated between ischemic bases and viable bases or between viable bases and viable ends. The same result was provided 7 days post operation. CONCLUSION: Microcirculation of superficial tissues such as random-pattern flaps in this rat model can be assessed quantitatively by CEUS. It could sensitively and accurately reveal the objective status of tissue perfusion in the early postoperative stage.

Melatonin mitigates cadmium toxicity by promoting root development, delaying root senescence, and regulating cadmium transport in cotton.

Cd ions are absorbed and transported from the soil by crop roots, which are the first organ to be exposed to Cd. This results in an increase in cadmium ions in crops, significantly affecting crop growth and yield. Exogenous melatonin (MT) can help reduce cadmium (Cd) stress in cotton, but the specific contribution of roots to this process remains unclear. In order to address this knowledge gap, an in-situ root phenotyping study was conducted to investigate the the phenotype and lifespan of roots under cadmium stress (Cd) and melatonin treatment (Cd + MT). The results showed that MT alleviated the decreases in plant height, leaf area, SPAD value, stem diameter, stomatal conductance and net photosynthetic rate under Cd stress, which further promoted the biomass accumulation in various cotton organs. What is more, the Cd + MT treatment increased root volume, surface area, and length under Cd stress by 25.63 %, 10.58 %, and 21.89 %, respectively, compared with Cd treatment. Interestingly, compared to Cd treatment, Cd + MT treatment also significantly extended the lifespan of roots and root hairs by 6.68 days and 2.18 days, respectively. In addition, Cd + MT treatment reduced the transport of Cd from roots to shoots, particularly to bolls, and decreased the Cd bioconcentration factor in bolls by 61.17 %, compared to Cd treatment. In conclusion, these findings show that applying MT externally helps reduce Cd stress by delaying root senescence, promoting root development and regulating Cd transport. This method can be an effective approach to managing Cd stress in cotton.

Prediction analysis of carbon emission in China's electricity industry based on the dual carbon background.

The electric power sector is the primary contributor to carbon emissions in China. Considering the context of dual carbon goals, this paper examines carbon emissions within China's electricity sector. The research utilizes the LMDI approach for methodological rigor. The results show that the cumulative contribution of economies scale, power consumption factors and energy structure are 114.91%, 85.17% and 0.94%, which contribute to the increase of carbon emissions, the cumulative contribution of power generation efficiency and ratio of power dissipation to generation factor are -19.15% and -0.01%, which promotes the carbon reduction. The decomposition analysis highlights the significant influence of economic scale on carbon emissions in the electricity industry, among the seven factors investigated. Meanwhile, STIRPAT model, Logistic model and GM(1,1) model are used to predict carbon emissions, the average relative error between actual carbon emissions and the predicted values are 0.23%, 8.72% and 7.05%, which indicates that STIRPAT model is more suitable for medium- to long-term predictions. Based on these findings, the paper proposes practical suggestions to reduce carbon emissions and achieve the dual carbon goals of the power industry.

Study of the relationship between pressure and sensitivity of energetic materials based on first-principles calculation.

CONTEXT: In order to study the relationship between the sensitivity and pressure of energetic materials, six kinds of energetic materials were selected as the research object. The crystal structure, electronic, and phonon properties under hydrostatic pressure of 0 ~ 45 GPa were calculated by first principles. The calculation results show that the lattice parameters and band gap values of these six energetic materials decrease with the increase of pressure. The peak of the density of states decreases and moves to the low energy direction, and the electrons become more active. Meanwhile, the effect of pressure on the sensitivity of the energetic materials is analyzed based on the multi-phonon up-pumping theory. The number of doorway modes and integral of projected phonon density of states under high pressure is calculated. The results show that both of them increase with the increase of pressure. And the smaller the value of the band gap, the larger the number of doorway modes and integral of projected phonon density of states, and the more sensitive the energetic material is. METHODS: All calculations are performed using the Materials Studio software based on density functional theory. The Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE) functional of the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) is used to calculate the exchange correlation function, and the Grimme dispersion correction method is used to deal with the weak intermolecular interaction. The structure of the compound was optimized by BFGS algorithm. The linear response is used to calculate the phonon properties of energetic materials. The plane wave cutoff energy was set to 830 eV. The K-point grids of TATB, FOX-7, TNX, RDX, TNT, and HMX were chosen as 2 × 2 × 2, 2 × 2 × 1, 2 × 1 × 1, 1 × 1 × 1, 1 × 2 × 1, and 2 × 1 × 2.

The calculated electronic and optical properties of ß-Ga2O3 based on the first principles.

INTRODUCTION: The electronic and optical properties of ß-Ga2O3 have been investigated by CASTEP using first principles. It is found that ß-Ga2O3 has an indirect band gap and the conduction band base is located at the Γ point. The stability of ß-Ga2O3 is demonstrated by the calculation of elastic constants, and the ductility of ß-Ga2O3 is demonstrated by the ratio of Poisson's ratio to shear modulus. The optical property analysis shows that ß-Ga2O3 has a high absorption capacity in the ultraviolet region, but a low absorption capacity in visible and infrared light. CONTEXT: The structure, optical, and electronic properties of ß-Ga2O3 are calculated and analyzed based on first-principles calculation. The optimized structures of ß-Ga2O3 are in good agreement with previously studied. In this paper, the elastic, electronic, and optical properties of ß-Ga2O3 are calculated. METHODS: The CASTEP code was employed to execute these calculations in the present work, where the exchange-correlation interactions were treated in the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) using the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE) functional in the geometry optimizations and electronic and elastic properties.

Fatty acid metabolism-related lncRNAs are potential biomarkers for survival prediction in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Metabolic reprogramming of energy is a newly recognized characteristic of cancer. In our current investigation, we examined the possible predictive importance of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) associated to fatty acid metabolism in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). We conducted an analysis of the gene expression data obtained from patients diagnosed with ccRCC using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and the ArrayExpress database. We performed a screening to identify lncRNAs that are differentially expressed in fatty acid metabolism. Based on these findings, we developed a prognostic risk score model using these fatty acid metabolism-related lncRNAs. We then validated this model using Cox regression analysis, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, and principal-component analysis (PCA). Furthermore, the prognostic risk score model was successfully validated using both the TCGA cohort and the E-MTAB-1980 cohort. We utilized gene set variation analysis (GSVA) and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) to determine the correlation between fatty acid metabolism and the PPAR signaling pathway in patients with ccRCC at various clinical stages and prognoses. We have discovered compelling evidence of the interaction between immune cells in the tumor microenvironment and tumor cells, which leads to immune evasion and resistance to drugs. This was achieved by the utilization of advanced techniques such as the CIBERSORT method, ESTIMATE R package, ssGSEA algorithm, and TIMER database exploration. Ultimately, we have established a network of competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) that is related to fatty acid metabolism. The findings of our study suggest that medicines focused on fatty acid metabolism could be clinically significant for individuals with ccRCC. The utilization of this risk model, which is centered around the lncRNAs associated with fatty acid metabolism, could potentially provide valuable prognostic information and hold immunotherapeutic implications for patients with ccRCC.

Endovascular Denervation for the Improvement of Limb Ischemia in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of endovascular denervation (EDN) as an adjunct to percutaneous vascular intervention (PVI) for peripheral artery disease (PAD). METHODS: From August 2019 to April 2021, 38 eligible patients with PAD enrolled in this study were randomly and equally assigned into 2 groups: the PVI group and the PVI + EDN group treated with EDN at the iliac and femoral arteries before PVI. The primary endpoint was the improvement in the ankle brachial index at 6 months after the procedure. The secondary endpoints were transcutaneous oxygen pressure (TcPO2), Rutherford category, numerical rating scale score, and safety. RESULTS: The technical success rates of PVI and EDN were 100%, and no device-related or procedure-related major adverse events occurred in either group. Compared with PVI alone, PVI + EDN demonstrated a significant improvement in limb hemodynamics at 6 months (Δ ankle brachial index 0.44 ± 0.31 vs. 0.24 ± 0.15, P = 0.018). Microcirculatory perfusion of PAD was significantly better at 6 months in the PVI + EDN group (ΔTcPO2, 15.68 ± 16.72 vs. 4.95 ± 13.43, P = 0.036). The Rutherford category was significantly improved in the PVI + EDN group in comparison with the PVI group at the 3-month follow-up (100.00% vs. 68.42%, P = 0.02). The decrease in the numerical rating scale score in the PVI + EDN group was greater than that in the PVI group at 1 week following the procedure (3 [2-5] vs. 4 [4-6], P = 0.022). CONCLUSIONS: In this single-center pilot analysis of a heterogeneous cohort of patients with PAD, PVI with EDN demonstrated a significant improvement in limb ischemia at 6 months compared with PVI alone.

Current status of Fe-based MOFs in biomedical applications.

Recently nanoparticle-based platforms have gained interest as drug delivery systems and diagnostic agents, especially in cancer therapy. With their ability to provide preferential accumulation at target sites, nanocarrier-constructed antitumor drugs can improve therapeutic efficiency and bioavailability. In contrast, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have received increasing academic interest as an outstanding class of coordination polymers that combine porous structures with high drug loading via temperature modulation and ligand interactions, overcoming the drawbacks of conventional drug carriers. FeIII-based MOFs are one of many with high biocompatibility and good drug loading capacity, as well as unique Fenton reactivity and superparamagnetism, making them highly promising in chemodynamic and photothermal therapy, and magnetic resonance imaging. Given this, this article summarizes the applications of FeIII-based MOFs in three significant fields: chemodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy and MRI, suggesting a logical route to new strategies. This article concludes by summarising the primary challenges and development prospects in these promising research areas.

Theoretical study on the correlation between the structure, excess energy, surface energy, electronic structure, nitro charge, and friction sensitivity of N,N'-dinitroethylenediamine (EDNA).

The sensitivity of energetic materials along different crystal directions is not the same and is anisotropic. In order to explore the difference in friction sensitivity of different surfaces, we calculated the structure, excess energy, surface energy, electronic structure, and the nitro group along (1 1 1), (1 1 0), (1 0 1), (0 1 1), (0 0 1), (0 1 0), and (1 0 0) surfaces of EDNA based on density functional theory. The analysis results showed that relative to other surfaces, the (0 0 1) surface has the shortest N-N average bond length, largest N-N average bond population, smallest excess energy and surface energy, widest band gap, and the largest nitro group charge value, which indicates that the (0 0 1) surface has the lowest friction sensitivity compared to other surfaces. Furthermore, the conclusions obtained by analyzing the excess energy are consistent with the results of the N-N bond length and bond population, band gap, and nitro charge. Therefore, we conclude that the friction sensitivity of different surfaces of EDNA can be evaluated using excess energy.

Potential roles of tumor microenvironment in gefitinib-resistant non-small cell lung cancer: A narrative review.

During the course of treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant, gefitinib resistance (GR) is unavoidable. As the environment for tumor cells to grow and survive, tumor microenvironment (TME) can significantly affect therapeutic response and clinical outcomes, offering new opportunities for addressing GR. Dynamic changes within the TME were identified during the treatment of gefitinib, suggesting the close relationship between TME and GR. Various dynamic processes like angiogenesis, hypoxia-pathway activation, and immune evasion can be blocked so as to synergistically enhance the therapeutic effects of gefitinib or reverse GR. Besides, cellular components like macrophages can be reprogrammed for the same purpose. In this review, we summarized recently proposed therapeutic targets to provide an overview of the potential roles of TME in treating gefitinib-resistant NSCLC, and discussed the difficulty of applying these targets in cancer treatment.

Design and Realization of Ni Clusters in MoS2@Ni/RGO Catalysts for Alkaline Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction.

Due to their almost zero relative hydrogen atom adsorption-free energy, MoS2-based materials have received substantial study. However, their poor electronic conductivity and limited number of catalytic active sites hinder their widespread use in hydrogen evolution reactions. On the other hand, metal clusters offer numerous active sites. In this study, by loading Ni metal clusters on MoS2 and combining them with the better electrical conductivity of graphene, the overpotential of the hydrogen evolution reaction was reduced from 165 mV to 92 mV at 10 mA·cm-2. This demonstrates that a successful method for effectively designing water decomposition is the use of synergistic interactions resulting from interfacial electron transfer between MoS2 and Ni metal clusters.

Application of self-pulling and latter transection in totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy.

Background: Recent years have seen an increase in gastric cancer incidence. The most effective method of treating gastric cancer is still surgical resection. Over the past few decades, minimally invasive surgery has rapidly developed, reducing post-operative complications and speeding up recovery. However, the technical difficulties, especially during anastomosis, hinder the widespread use of this advanced surgery. The aim of this study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of self-pulling and latter transection in totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy (SPLT-TLTG). Patients and Methods: A retrospective study compared the outcomes of laparoscopic-assisted total gastrectomy (LATG) and SPLT-TLTG in patients with gastric cancer. Eighty patients who underwent either LATG or SPLT-TLTG between January 2016 and June 2018 were included in the study. Clinical information was used to compare patients who underwent these surgeries. Results: Compared to LATG, patients who received SPLT-TLTG surgery recovered faster than those who received LATG time (operation and digestive tract reconstruction), blood loss, rehabilitation, first flatus, oral food intake, average pain score and hospital stay were significantly shorter in the SPLT-TLTG group than in the LATG group (P < 0.05). However, the two groups had no significant differences in LNs and baseline characteristics. Conclusions: The findings of this study provide significant evidence in support of the use of self-pulling and the latter transection procedures in total laparoscopic gastrectomy.

A Scd1-mediated metabolic alteration participates in liver responses to low-dose bavachin.

Hepatotoxicity induced by bioactive constituents in traditional Chinese medicines or herbs, such as bavachin (BV) in Fructus Psoraleae, has a prolonged latency to overt drug-induced liver injury in the clinic. Several studies have described BV-induced liver damage and underlying toxicity mechanisms, but little attention has been paid to the deciphering of organisms or cellular responses to BV at no-observed-adverse-effect level, and the underlying molecular mechanisms and specific indicators are also lacking during the asymptomatic phase, making it much harder for early recognition of hepatotoxicity. Here, we treated mice with BV for 7 days and did not detect any abnormalities in biochemical tests, but found subtle steatosis in BV-treated hepatocytes. We then profiled the gene expression of hepatocytes and non-parenchymal cells at single-cell resolution and discovered three types of hepatocyte subsets in the BV-treated liver. Among these, the hepa3 subtype suffered from a vast alteration in lipid metabolism, which was characterized by enhanced expression of apolipoproteins, carboxylesterases, and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (Scd1). In particular, increased Scd1 promoted monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) synthesis and was considered to be related to BV-induced steatosis and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) generation, which participates in the initiation of ferroptosis. Additionally, we demonstrated that multiple intrinsic transcription factors, including Srebf1 and Hnf4a, and extrinsic signals from niche cells may regulate the above-mentioned molecular events in BV-treated hepatocytes. Collectively, our study deciphered the features of hepatocytes in response to BV insult, decoded the underlying molecular mechanisms, and suggested that Scd1 could be a hub molecule for the prediction of hepatotoxicity at an early stage.

Unveiling the correlation between the catalytic efficiency and acidity of a metal-free catalyst in a hydrogenation reaction. A theoretical case study of the hydrogenation of ethene catalyzed by a superacid arising from a superhalogen.

A systematic quantum-chemical study of the hydrogenation of ethene, catalyzed by strong acids HX (X = F, Cl, Br) and superacids HA (A = MgX3, Mg2X5; X = F, Cl, Br) arising from octet superhalogens is explored. Two possible paths are proposed, concerted and stepwise, and the calculated results show that the concerted path is more favorable than the stepwise path. Compared to the hydrogenation reaction without any catalyst, the improvement of the catalytic efficiency of the superacid HA (A = MgX3, Mg2X5) is high, up to 38.8 to 59.4%. Compared to the strong acid HX (X = F, Cl, Br), the barrier energy is significantly reduced and the improvement of the catalytic efficiency of the superacid HA reaches 23.1 to 31.7%. In particular, for HMg2Br5, the barrier energy of the hydrogenation of ethene is only 36 kcal mol-1, which shows that the reaction could proceed under experimental conditions. In addition, the results show that the catalytic efficiency of the superacid HA is related to the acidity of the superacid. In general, the greater the acidity, the lower the barrier energy and the easier the hydrogenation reaction. From the analysis of the bond order, the newly formed C-H bond of the transition state (TS3) in the concerted path, in which the H atom comes from the superacid catalyst, directly affects the barrier energy of the entire reaction. For the more acidic catalyst, this H atom is provided more easily, and then the formed C-H bond in the transition state is stronger. Consequently, this stronger bond leads to a more stable transition state, and hence to a lower energy barrier as well as a higher efficiency of the superacid catalyst. Therefore, a positive correlation between the acidity of the metal-free catalyst and its catalytic efficiency is expected in the hydrogenation reaction.

Effects of different doses of esketamine intervention on postpartum depressive symptoms in cesarean section women: A randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical study.

BACKGROUND: The optimal dosage and method of esketamine for postpartum depressive symptoms (PDS) are unclear. We conducted a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to investigate the effect of different doses of esketamine on PDS in women undergoing cesarean section, with evidence of prenatal depression. METHODS: The three groups were high- (2 mg kg-1) and low-dose (1 mg kg-1) esketamine via patient controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA), following an initial intravenous infusion of 0.25 mg kg-1 esketamine, compared to placebo (0.9 % saline infusion). All groups also received the sufentanil (2.2 µg kg-1). The primary outcome was the incidence of PDS at 7 and 42 days postpartum. The secondary outcomes were: the remission from depression and total EPDS scores at 7 days and 42 days postpartum; mean change from baseline in the EPDS score; postoperative analgesia. RESULTS: i). 0.25 mg kg-1 of esketamine intravenous infusion combined with 1 mg kg-1 (n = 99) or 2 mg kg-1 (n = 99) esketamine PCIA reduces PDS incidence at 7 days postpartum (p < 0.05), with high-dose esketamine PCIA also reduces PDS incidence 42 days postpartum (p < 0.05), compared to placebo (n = 97). ii). Low- and high-dose esketamine PCIA lowers NRS scores at rest within 48 h postoperatively (p < 0.01), with high-dose esketamine also reducing the NRS score during movement at 48 h postoperatively (p = 0.018). iii). Neither high- nor low-dose esketamine PCIA increased postoperative adverse reactions (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Esketamine (0.25 mg kg-1) intravenous infusion combined with 1 mg kg-1 or 2 mg kg-1 esketamine PCIA seems safe and with few adverse effects in the management of PDS and pain in women undergoing cesarean section. LIMITATIONS: The tolerability and safety of esketamine requires further investigation based on more specific scales; the transient side effects of esketamine could have biased the staff and patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ChiCTR-ROC-2000039069.

Effects of Xenobiotic Compounds on Preeclampsia and Potential Mechanisms.

Preeclampsia (PE) refers to a disease with new hypertension and albuminuria or other end-organ damage after 20 weeks of pregnancy. As a major complication of pregnancy, PE can increase the morbidity and mortality of pregnant women and fetuses and cause serious social burden. Recently, it has been found that exposure to xenobiotic compounds, especially endocrine disruptors in the environment, may contribute to the development of PE. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. It is generally believed that PE is related to placental dysplasia, spiral artery remodelling failure, oxidative stress, etc. Therefore, in order to better prevent the occurrence of PE and reduce the damage and impact on mother and fetus, this paper reviews the role and potential mechanism of PE induced by exogenous chemicals and provides an outlook on the environmental etiology of PE.

[Pollution Characteristics and Risk Assessment of PAHs in the Soil of Wild Forsythia Suspensa in Shanxi].

Shanxi is one of the main producing areas of Forsythia suspensa in China. In order to explore the safety of the soil in the areas where Forsythia suspensa grows,70 surface (0-25 cm) soil samples were collected from the main growing areas of F. suspensa in the eastsouth of Shanxi Province in July 2017. The concentration and composition characteristics of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the sample soils were analyzed using chemical extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The diagnostic ratio method was used to determine the source of PAHs in the areas. The potential ecological risk was assessed by using the method of calculating the equivalent carcinogenic concentration of benzo[a]pyrene. The results showed that the average concentration of total PAHs (Σ16PAHs) in all of the soil samples was 1.85 µg·g-1, which was dominated by three ring number PAHs, accounting for 76.7% of the total PAHs. The detection rates of phenanthrene (Phe) and anthracene (Ant) were both 100% of all the sample sites. The soil PAHs in the wild F. suspensa growing areas mainly originated from coal, biomass burning, and motor vehicle exhaust emissions, which resulted from air transport and sedimentation pathways. In all of the sample sites, the concentration of Σ16PAHs the limit standard level (0.2 µg·g-1) of Maliszewska-Kordybach for agricultural soil pollution and exceeded the soil heavy pollution level limit value (1.0 µg·g-1) in 41.4% of the sample sites. The concentration of BaP was above the risk control standard for soil contamination of agricultural land (0.55 µg·g-1) in 10% of all the soil samples. A total of 11.4% of the sample soil ΣBaPeq16PAHs and ΣBaPeq8BPAHs exceeded the agricultural soil screening value (0.55 µg·g-1). These results indicate that the contamination of PAHs was at a detectable level in the soil of wild F. suspensa growing in Shanxi, and thus their potential ecological risks should not be ignored. It is necessary to enhance the research regarding these areas to ensure the safe production of medicinal plants.

Recent Advances of Fe(III)/Fe(II)-MPNs in Biomedical Applications.

Metal-phenolic networks (MPNs) are a new type of nanomaterial self-assembled by metal ions and polyphenols that have been developed rapidly in recent decades. They have been widely investigated, in the biomedical field, for their environmental friendliness, high quality, good bio-adhesiveness, and bio-compatibility, playing a crucial role in tumor treatment. As the most common subclass of the MPNs family, Fe-based MPNs are most frequently used in chemodynamic therapy (CDT) and phototherapy (PTT), where they are often used as nanocoatings to encapsulate drugs, as well as good Fenton reagents and photosensitizers to improve tumor therapeutic efficiency substantially. In this review, strategies for preparing various types of Fe-based MPNs are first summarized. We highlight the advantages of Fe-based MPNs under the different species of polyphenol ligands for their application in tumor treatments. Finally, some current problems and challenges of Fe-based MPNs, along with a future perspective on biomedical applications, are discussed.

Current status and prospects of MOFs in controlled delivery of Pt anticancer drugs.

Cancer has become the second leading reason for death in the world. Still, cancer therapy development is exceptionally challenging because the tumor microenvironment is very complex, and individual tumors are very different. In recent years, researchers have found that platinum-based drugs in the form of metal complexes can effectively solve tumor resistance. In this regard, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as suitable carriers with high porosity are also exceptional in the biomedical field. Therefore, this article reviews the application of platinum as an anticancer drug and the composite anticancer properties of platinum and MOF materials and prospects for its future development, which provides a new direction for further research in the biomedical field.