Value of estimating pulse wave velocity compared to SCORE in cardiovascular risk stratification in community pharmacies / Valor de la estimación de la velocidad de onda de pulso en comparación con SCORE en la estratificación del riesgo cardiovascular en farmacias comunitarias

Objectives Arterial stiffness is considered to be an intermediate marker with independent prognostic value. The objective of this study is to assess whether the estimation of arterial stiffness can improve CV risk stratification compared to SCORE in patients at community pharmacies. Methods Observational prospective epidemiological study in which consecutive individuals entering a participating Community Pharmacy are offered a voluntary measurement of blood pressure and estimation of pulse wave velocity by oscillometry (AGEDIO, IEM®) to stratify their CV risk according to SCORE compared to the use of arterial stiffness. Results After nine months of recruitment, data from 923 patients (570 women, 353 men) were collected. 16/122 (13.1%) patients under 40 years and 72/364 (19.8%) over 65 years of age presented pathological stiffness and could be classified as high-risk, even though being out of the age-range of SCORE. Of the 437 (47.3%) patients who were susceptible to calculating SCORE, 42/437 patients (9.6%) presented pathological arterial stiffness. Cholesterol values were available in 281 patients (64.3%). Among them, according to SCORE, only 6 (2.1%) fell into the high-risk category. Conclusions More than half of the subjects who randomly enter a community pharmacy had ages that make it impossible to calculate the CV risk by SCORE. Among them, arterial damage was detected in 18.1%. Of the other half, 9.6% presented arterial damage and, therefore, high CV risk, when SCORE only detected it in 2.1%. Therefore, estimating arterial stiffness in community pharmacies markedly improves detection of high CV risk compared to SCORE (AU)

Objetivos La rigidez arterial es un marcador intermedio con valor pronóstico independiente. Nuestro objetivo es valorar si la estimación de la rigidez arterial puede mejorar la estratificación del riesgo cardiovascular (CV) en comparación con SCORE. Métodos Estudio epidemiológico observacional prospectivo en el que se ofrece a pacientes consecutivos que entran en una farmacia participante la medición voluntaria de la presión arterial y de la velocidad de onda de pulso estimada por oscilometría (AGEDIO, IEM®) para estratificar su riesgo CV según SCORE o según la presencia de rigidez arterial. Resultados Tras 9 meses de reclutamiento, presentamos datos de 923 pacientes (570 mujeres, 353 hombres). Dieciséis/122 (13,1%) pacientes <40años y 72/364 (19,8%) >65años presentaron rigidez arterial patológica y fueron clasificados de alto riesgo, aun hallándose fuera del rango de edad de SCORE. De los 437 (47,3%) pacientes evaluables por SCORE, 42/437 pacientes (9,6%) mostraron rigidez elevada. Los valores de colesterol estaban disponibles en 281 de estos pacientes (64,3%). Entre ellos, según SCORE, solo 6 (2,1%) eran de la categoría de alto riesgo. Conclusiones Más de la mitad de sujetos que entran aleatoriamente en una farmacia comunitaria tenían edades situadas fuera de los rangos de SCORE, imposibilitando el cálculo del riesgo CV con SCORE. En este grupo se constató daño arterial en el 18,1%. En la otra mitad, el 9,6% presentaron daño vascular y, consecuentemente, riesgo elevado, mientras que SCORE solo detectó riesgo elevado en el 2,1%. Por tanto, la estimación de la rigidez arterial en farmacias comunitarias mejora claramente la detección de riesgo CV elevado en comparación con SCORE (AU)

Value of estimating pulse wave velocity compared to SCORE in cardiovascular risk stratification in community pharmacies.

OBJECTIVES: Arterial stiffness is considered to be an intermediate marker with independent prognostic value. The objective of this study is to assess whether the estimation of arterial stiffness can improve CV risk stratification compared to SCORE in patients at community pharmacies. METHODS: Observational prospective epidemiological study in which consecutive individuals entering a participating Community Pharmacy are offered a voluntary measurement of blood pressure and estimation of pulse wave velocity by oscillometry (AGEDIO, IEM®) to stratify their CV risk according to SCORE compared to the use of arterial stiffness. RESULTS: After nine months of recruitment, data from 923 patients (570 women, 353 men) were collected. 16/122 (13.1%) patients under 40 years and 72/364 (19.8%) over 65 years of age presented pathological stiffness and could be classified as high-risk, even though being out of the age-range of SCORE. Of the 437 (47.3%) patients who were susceptible to calculating SCORE, 42/437 patients (9.6%) presented pathological arterial stiffness. Cholesterol values were available in 281 patients (64.3%). Among them, according to SCORE, only 6 (2.1%) fell into the high-risk category. CONCLUSIONS: More than half of the subjects who randomly enter a community pharmacy had ages that make it impossible to calculate the CV risk by SCORE. Among them, arterial damage was detected in 18.1%. Of the other half, 9.6% presented arterial damage and, therefore, high CV risk, when SCORE only detected it in 2.1%. Therefore, estimating arterial stiffness in community pharmacies markedly improves detection of high CV risk compared to SCORE.

Arthroscopic Pisiform Excision in Pisotriquetral Osteoarthritis Technique Using a Direct Pisotriquetral Portal.

Pisotriquetral (PT) joint arthritis is a common cause of ulnar-sided wrist pain. Open pisiform excision is a well-established procedure and is indicated when the conservative treatment fails. Although arthroscopic visualization of the PT joint is part of the routine examination in a patient with ulnar-sided wrist pain, therapeutic arthroscopy of the PT joint is limited to one case in the literature through the standard dorsal portals. Arthroscopic pisiform excision is a novel technique described by the authors. The first aim of this procedure is pain relief maintaining wrist stability and strength. With this minimally invasive approach we believe that preserving the flexor carpi ulnaris and the PT ligament complex we maintain their biomechanical function, while at the same time, reducing scar tenderness and postoperative discomfort with better esthetic results and less recovery time. In addition to standard dorsal portals, a direct PT portal was used to have access to the PT space and as a working portal to complete the pisiform excision.

All-Arthroscopic Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex Ligamentoplasty for Chronic DRUJ Instability.

Peripheral injuries of the triangular fibrocartilage complex can produce pain and instability of the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ). There are several techniques for the repair or reconstruction of these injuries, which vary depending on the location, healing capacity, and viability of the tissues, as described by the classification proposed by Atzei. In irreparable chronic injuries of the triangular fibrocartilage complex in which there are no associated chondral injuries of the DRUJ or in failures in previous repair techniques, ligament reconstruction plasty with tendon grafts, either by open surgery or assisted by arthroscopy, are the treatments of choice. We present a completely arthroscopic reconstruction technique of the triangular fibrocartilage complex by means of tendon graft to provide stability to the DRUJ. This reconstruction technique provides a more stable reconstruction after the integration of the tendon plasty in the bone tunnels, based on the anatomic insertions of the triangular fibrocartilage in the fovea and in the corners of the dorsal and volar sigmoid notch, along with the advantages offered by arthroscopy in terms of recovery time, esthetic result, less mobility loss, and pain.

Treatment of The Posterior Unstable Shoulder.

BACKGROUND: It is estimated that approximately 5% of glenohumeral instabilities are posterior. There are a number of controversies regarding therapeutic approaches for these patients. METHODS: We analyse the main surgery alternatives for the treatment of the posterior shoulder instability. We did a research of the publications related with posterior glenohumeral instability. RESULTS: There are conservative and surgical treatment options. Conservative treatment has positive results in most patients, with around 65 to 80% of cases showing recurrent posterior dislocation. There are multiple surgical techniques, both open and arthroscopic, for the treatment of posterior glenohumeral instability. There are procedures that aim to repair bone defects and others that aim to repair soft tissues and capsulolabral injuries. The treatment should be planned according to each case on an individual basis according to the patient characteristics and the injury type. Surgical treatment is indicated in patients with functional limitations arising from instability and/or pain that have not improved with rehabilitation treatment. The indications for arthroscopic treatment are recurrent posterior subluxation caused by injury of the labrum or the capsulolabral complex; recurrent posterior subluxation caused by capsuloligamentous laxity or capsular redundancy; and multidirectional instability with posterior instability as a primary component. Arthroscopic assessment will help identify potential injuries associated with posterior instability such as bone lesions or defects and lesions or defects of soft tissues. The main indications for open surgery would be in cases of Hill Sachs lesions or broad reverse Bankart lesions not accessible by arthroscopy. We indicated non-anatomical techniques (McLaughlin or its modifications) for reverse Hill-Sachs lesions with impairment of the articular surface between 20% and 50%. Disimpaction of the fracture and placement of bone graft (allograft or autograft) is a suitable treatment for acute lesions that do not exceed 50% of the articular surface and with articular cartilage in good condition. Reconstruction with allograft may be useful in lesions affecting up to 50% of the humeral surface and should be considered when there is a situation of non-viable cartilage at the fracture site. For defects greater than 50% of the articular surface or in the case of dislocations over 6 months in duration where there is poor bone quality, some authors advocate substitution techniques as a treatment of choice. The main techniques for treating glenoid bone defects are posterior bone block and posterior opening osteotomy of the glenoid. CONCLUSIONS: The treatment of the posterior glenohumeral instability has to be individualized based on the patient´s injuries, medical history, clinical exam and goals. The most important complications in the treatment of posterior glenohumeral instability are recurrent instability, avascular necrosis and osteoarthritis.

Especificaciones del servicio de cesación tabáquica / Specifications for the smoking cessation service

En abril de 2013, la Sociedad Española de Farmacia Familiar y Comunitaria (SEFAC) presentó su propuesta sobre servicios profesionales farmacéuticos (SPF) cuyo fin es cubrir las necesidades relacionadas tanto con la atención de los pacientes que utilizan medicamentos, como con la salud pública. Esta propuesta ofrece un planteamiento sobre la implantación y desarrollo de los SPF con el objetivo de impulsar su prestación por las farmacias comunitarias en los próximos años. De acuerdo con dicha propuesta todos los SPF que constituyen el catálogo de servicios contarán con un documento de especificaciones. El objeto de este documento de especificaciones, aprobado por la Junta Directiva de SEFAC el 20 de abril de 2014, es definir y caracterizar el servicio de cesación tabáquica con una doble finalidad: - Ayudar al farmacéutico comunitario y a sus representantes en el ofrecimiento, prestación, difusión, financiación y concertación de este servicio. - Servir de guía a los farmacéuticos comunitarios que desean implantar un servicio de cesación tabáquica en la farmacia o elaborar un procedimiento normalizado de trabajo para su realización. Este documento se complementa con el programa CESAR de formación en cesación tabáquica, y el Documento de intervención en Cesación tabáquica en farmacia comunitaria elaborado y avalado por SEFAC y validado por SEFAC, la Sociedad Española de Neumología y Patología Torácica (SEPAR), la Sociedad Española de Especialistas en Tabaquismo (SEDET) y las sociedades médicas de atención primaria (semFYC, SEMG y SEMERGEN) (AU)

In April 2013, the Spanish Society of Family and Community Pharmacies ( SEFAC ) presented its proposal for pharmaceutical professional services (PPS) which aims to cover needs related to both care for patients using drugs, and public health. This proposal offers an approach for implementing and developing PPS in order to boost its provision by community pharmacies in the coming years. According to this proposal, all PPS comprising the service catalogue will have a specifications document. The purpose of this specifications document, approved by the Board of SEFAC the April 20, 2014, is to define and provide specifics on the smoking cessation service, with a dual purpose: - To help community pharmacists and their representatives in the offering, delivery, distribution, financing and coordination of this service. - Serve as a guide to community pharmacists who wish to implement a smoking cessation service at the pharmacy or develop a standard working procedure for implementation of same. This document is complemented by the CESAR training program on smoking cessation, and the Document on intervention in Smoking Cessation in community pharmacies prepared and endorsed by SEFAC and validated by SEFAC, the Spanish Society of Pneumology and Thoracic Pathology (SEPAR) the Spanish Society of Smoking Specialists (SEDET) and primary care medical associations (SemFYC, SEMG and SEMERGEN) (AU)

Revisión del uso de los medicamentos (RUM), un nuevo servicio profesional en la farmacia comunitaria española / No disponible

No disponible