RESUMEN
This report provides mid-season vaccine effectiveness (VE) estimates from the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Division (AFHSD), the DoD Global Respiratory Pathogen Surveillance (DoDGRS) program, and the Naval Health Research Center (NHRC) for the 2019-2020 influenza season. Using a test negative case-control study design, the AFHSD performed a VE analysis for active component service members while the DoDGRS program and NHRC collaborated to perform a VE analysis for DoD beneficiaries and U.S.-Mexico border civilians. Among active component service members, there was low to moderate protection against influenza B, moderate protection against A(H3N2), and non-statistically significant low protection against influenza A overall and A(H1N1). Among DoD beneficiaries and U.S.-Mexico border civilians, there was statistically significant moderate protection against influenza B, influenza A overall, A(H1N1), and A(H3N2).
Asunto(s)
Subtipo H1N1 del Virus de la Influenza A , Vacunas contra la Influenza , Gripe Humana , Personal Militar , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Humanos , Subtipo H3N2 del Virus de la Influenza A , Virus de la Influenza B , Gripe Humana/epidemiología , Gripe Humana/prevención & control , Estaciones del Año , VacunaciónRESUMEN
Human adenovirus type 55 (HAdV-55) causes acute respiratory disease of variable severity and has become an emergent threat in both civilian and military populations. HAdV-55 infection is endemic to China and South Korea, but data from other regions and time periods are needed for comprehensive assessment of HAdV-55 prevalence from a global perspective. In this study, we subjected HAdV-55 isolates from various countries collected during 1969-2018 to whole-genome sequencing, genomic and proteomic comparison, and phylogenetic analyses. The results show worldwide distribution of HAdV-55; recent strains share a high degree of genomic homogeneity. Distinct strains circulated regionally for several years, suggesting persistent local transmission. Several cases of sporadic introduction of certain strains to other countries were documented. Among the identified amino acid mutations distinguishing HAdV-55 strains, some have potential impact on essential viral functions and may affect infectivity and transmission.
