RESUMEN
In this study, the antimicrobial efficacy of hand washing (HW) and hand washing plus rubbing with an alcohol-based solution (HWR) on numbers of total and transient flora colonies on the hands of healthcare workers (HCWs) during routine patient care was assessed. Samples were collected, using a standard bag broth technique, from the hands of 154 HCWs, before and immediately after carrying out a hand hygiene procedure. The numbers of total and transient flora colonies per plate were counted and transient pathogens were identified. A significant statistical difference between ward speciality was detected with respect to the isolation rate of transient flora. Transient hand flora were recovered from 25.3% of HCWs before carrying out the hand hygiene procedure. With respect to the disappearance and prevention of regrowth of transient flora after hand hygiene, the HWR technique was significantly more effective than HW. In conclusion, a disinfectant should be added to the hand washing process to achieve optimum protection against nosocomial infections in routine hospital practice.
Asunto(s)
Desinfección de las Manos/métodos , Higiene , Atención al Paciente/métodos , Recuento de Colonia Microbiana , Femenino , Mano/microbiología , Personal de Salud/clasificación , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMEN
Acinetobacter species can cause many types of hospital-acquired infection and play an important role in nosocomial pneumonia in intensive care units, skin and wound infections, and meningitis. They are of increasing importance because of their ability to rapidly develop resistance to the major groups of antibiotics. We aimed to determine the antibiotic sensitivity of Acinetobacter strains isolated from, and determined to be the cause of, hospital-acquired infections. A total of 156 cultures of Acinetobacter (strains of A. baumannii [136; 87.2%] and A. iwoffii [20; 12.8%]), were isolated from clinical samples taken from patients in different units of our hospital. Conventional bacterial identification methods and the Sceptor system were used. In the antibiotic sensitivity tests, A. baumannii was susceptible to imipenem (90.4%), norfloxacin (84.5%) and ciprofloxacin (65.4%), and A. iwoffii to amikacin (80.0%), ticarcillin/clavulanic acid (70.0%) and imipenem (60.0%).
Asunto(s)
Acinetobacter/metabolismo , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Infección Hospitalaria/tratamiento farmacológico , Infección Hospitalaria/microbiología , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana , Acinetobacter baumannii/metabolismo , Técnicas Bacteriológicas , Femenino , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMEN
Nocardiosis is a rare disease, and worldwide, respiratory and disseminated infections are most often due to Nocardia asteroides which is recognised increasingly as an opportunistic infection in patients with underlying chronic debilitating disease or immunodeficiency. However, infection with N. otitidiscaviarum and pulmonary nocardiosis in an immune-competent host remains very rare. We report a 65-year-old immune-competent male with pulmonary N. otitidiscaviarum infection in whom complete cure was provided with a 6 months of antibiotic combination including trimethoprim-sulfomethaxazol. This is the first report of pulmonary N. otitidiscaviarum infection in an immune-competent patient from Turkey.
Asunto(s)
Amicacina/uso terapéutico , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Antiinfecciosos/uso terapéutico , Enfermedades Pulmonares/diagnóstico , Nocardiosis/diagnóstico , Combinación Trimetoprim y Sulfametoxazol/uso terapéutico , Anciano , Humanos , Enfermedades Pulmonares/tratamiento farmacológico , Masculino , Nocardiosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X/métodos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Candida was isolated in 205 of 1060 clinical specimens (19.33%) in our laboratary sent from the intensive care unit for mycological investigation between January 98-December 99. All isolated strains were identified to species level using the API Candida system (Bio-Meieux, France) as follows; Candida albicans (n:115, 56.09%), Candida tropicalis (n:23, 11.21%), Candida parapsilosis (n:21, 10.24%), Candida glabrata (n:12, 5.83%). Candida kefyr (n:9, 4.39%), Candida lusitaniae (n:7, 3.41%), Candida famata (n:6, 2.92%), Candida krusei (n:6, 2.92%), Candida guilliermondii (n:6, 2.92%). These stains were identified using congo-red-glucose-brain-heart-infusion agar and slime production was determined in Candida albicans 53.91% and 67.77% in other than Candida species. In the present study, E test (AB Biodisk, Solna, Sweeden) was used to test antifungal susceptibility. The resistance to amphotericin B was 19.51%, to fluconazole 27.31% and to flucytosine 20.00%.
Asunto(s)
Antifúngicos/farmacología , Candida/efectos de los fármacos , Candidiasis/microbiología , Infección Hospitalaria/microbiología , Antifúngicos/uso terapéutico , Candida/clasificación , Candida/aislamiento & purificación , Candidiasis/tratamiento farmacológico , Candidiasis/epidemiología , Femenino , Fluconazol/farmacología , Flucitosina/farmacología , Humanos , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos , Masculino , Pruebas de Sensibilidad MicrobianaRESUMEN
We aimed to determine the types of corynebacteria isolated from the blood of patients at Gaziantep University Hospital, Turkey, and their antibiotic susceptibilities. Between February 1999 and June 2001, 3530 blood samples were cultured, of which 915 were found to be positive, and these were further investigated in the bacteriology laboratory. Among positive blood cultures, coryneform bacteria were identified in 31 (3.4%) isolates. Of these, 16 (51.6%) were Corynebacterium jeikeium, six (19.4%) were Corynebacterium striatum, four (12.9%) were Corynebacterium amycolatum, two (6.5%) were Cellulomonas species, two (6.5%) were Corynebacterium afermentans and one isolate (3.2%) was Corynebacterium propinquum. Antibiotic susceptibility tests showed that C. jeikeium was resistant to various antibiotics, whereas all isolates were susceptible to vancomycin and teicoplanin. This study illustrates the importance of taking coryneform bacteria into consideration when culturing blood samples. The need to identify the species and determine its antibiotic sensitivity is emphasized.
Asunto(s)
Actinomycetales/efectos de los fármacos , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Actinomycetales/aislamiento & purificación , Aminoglicósidos , Cellulomonas/efectos de los fármacos , Cellulomonas/aislamiento & purificación , Corynebacterium/efectos de los fármacos , Corynebacterium/aislamiento & purificación , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana , Humanos , Penicilina G/farmacología , Teicoplanina/farmacología , Turquía , Vancomicina/farmacología , Resistencia a la VancomicinaAsunto(s)
Lesión Renal Aguda/microbiología , Coagulación Intravascular Diseminada/microbiología , Septicemia Hemorrágica/microbiología , Insuficiencia Multiorgánica/microbiología , Fiebre Paratifoidea/complicaciones , Rabdomiólisis/microbiología , Salmonella paratyphi B/aislamiento & purificación , Adulto , Resultado Fatal , Hepatomegalia/microbiología , Humanos , Masculino , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Esplenomegalia/microbiologíaRESUMEN
We aimed to determine the present status of drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis at the Gaziantep University Hospital in south-east Turkey. Data for 1995 to 1999 were retrospectively evaluated with respect to smear-positive cases, first positive culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis for each patient and drug-susceptibility tests for the major antituberculous drugs. Cultures were done using the Bactec 460 TB method. A total of 106 (40.2%) strains were resistant to at least one drug. Single drug resistance was observed in 47 strains (17.8%) and resistance to two or three drugs was found in 28 and 29 strains (10.6 and 11.0%), respectively. Two strains (0.8%) were resistant to all four drugs. While multidrug resistance was observed in 52 (19.7%) strains, resistance to isoniazid + rifampin was observed in 20 (7.6%) strains. This retrospective study showed that combined drug resistance of M. tuberculosis is highly prevalent in southeastern Turkey. Possible reasons for the failure of current control policies were considered.