Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis in a Pregnant Immigrant.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a parasitic infection that causes significant maternal morbidity, and even fetal mortality, during pregnancy, yet there are limited therapeutic options. Here, we report a case of leishmaniasis in a pregnant immigrant with exuberant mucocutaneous lesions with favorable response to liposomal amphotericin B.

Fatal cryptococcal meningitis in an AIDS patient complicated with immune reconstitution syndrome refractory to prolonged amphotericin B treatment.

Cryptococcus neoformans is a ubiquitous encapsulated environmental yeast that can cause severe central nervous system disease, primarily in immune compromised hosts. In patients with AIDS, the spectrum of cryptococcal central nervous system disease includes meningitis, cystic lesions, and mass-like cryptococcomas. We report a fatal case of meningitis and cerebritis caused by C. neoformans in an AIDS patient refractory to multiple courses of liposomal amphotericin B despite immune recovery with antiretroviral therapy. This case highlights ongoing diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in the face of treatment failure for cryptococcal meningitis and reinforces the need for improved treatment approaches.