[New approaches to assessment of military personnel health status].

For the first time were suggested some indices such as the index of ratio of one unit's (higher/highest formation) hospitalization, lost worktime, discharge and mortality to the primary morbidity for one military unit and the same index of ratio to the same criteria for the group of military unit. The mentioned peculiarities are intended for impartial and comprehensive estimation of Armed Forces of the Russian Federation military personnel health status and medical units (establishments) activity. These indices include as criteria of diseases prevalence, morbidity, hospitalization, discharge and mortality characteristics. Employment of the new tools provides the possibility of the military health care system analysis by means of such health status components as military labor character peculiarities of medical support, as well as medical service forces and resources availability in the Army, Navy and Air Force.

[Characteristic of combat trauma and treatment of gunshot fractures of long bones of the limbs]. / Kharakteristika boevoi travmy i lechebnye meropriiatiia pri ognestrel'nykh perelomakh dlinnykh kostei konechnostei.

Treatment of the patients with gunshot fractures of extremity long bones is one of the main problems of field surgery. The complex study of medical records obtained from 718 servicemen with gunshot fractures of extremity long bones who participated in counter-terrorist operation in the Republic of Chechnia (1994-1996) allowed to evaluate character and severity of the injuries, content of the treatment measures conducted at the stages of medical evacuation. The peculiarities of fighting trauma were the following: the high frequency of combined (22.5%) and multiple (25.9%) injuries, the high share of multi-fragmentation and splintered (76.4%), intra-articular fractures (17.3%), the primary defects of bones (7.1%) and soft tissues (4.8%), the injuries of main vessels (12.1%) and nerves (18.5%). Owing to the short periods of evacuation to the stage of specialized medical care (up to 18.2 +/- 5.3 h), high share of preserving variant of primary surgical treatment (82.3%); high quality of medical immobilization at the expense of wide introduction of functionally stable external osteosynthesis (51.2% of the casualties) it was possible to improve the treatment results.