Endogenous bacterial endophthalmitis. A report of 2cases. / Endoftalmitis endógenas bacterianas. A propósito de 2casos.

CLINICAL CASES: The cases are presented on 2patients with bacterial endogenous endophthalmitis. The first one was caused by Streptococcus bovis, developed after colonoscopy, which had a poor outcome and resulted in evisceration. The second case was caused by a methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus from an arthrodesis complicated with a para-spinal abscess. It had an excellent visual outcome. DISCUSSION: Bacterial endogenous endophthalmitis is a rare, but serious ocular disease that occurs when bacteria reach the eye via the bloodstream. It requires a very early diagnosis based on the clinical symptoms and patient history. A suitable and specific treatment with intravenous and intravitreal antibiotics may prevent a bad visual prognosis in some cases.

Vendedores ambulantes de gafas / Street vendor glasses

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Síndrome paraneoplásico ocular: retinopatía asociada al cáncer / Ocular paraneoplastic syndrome: cancer-associated retinopathy

Caso clínico: Se presenta un síndrome paraneoplásico ocular con una retinopatía asociada al cáncer (RAC) que producía déficit visual, disminución de calibre y envainamiento de las arteriolas retinianas. El ERG mostraba grandes alteraciones de las ondas a y b. El proceso tumoral no se descubrió hasta pasados 6 meses, en que apareció una neoplasia escamosa que invadía útero y vagina. Discusión: Los síndromes paraneoplásicos son manifestaciones secundarias a la producción de sustancias, por las células neoplásicas, que actúan a distancia del foco tumoral. El síndrome RAC es una reacción autoinmune cruzada de antígenos de origen tumoral con la recoverina de la retina. El oftalmólogo debe conocer la existencia de estas manifestaciones paraneoplásicas oculares porque pueden constituir el primer signo de un tumor maligno no diagnosticado (AU)

Case Report: We review a patient with ocular manifestations of a paraneoplastic syndrome. It was a cancer-associated retinopathy (CAR) in a woman with visual loss, and attenuated and sheathed retinal arterioles. The electroretinography (ERG) showed severe abnormalities of the a and b-waves. The tumour process was not discovered until 6 months later, when a squamous neoplasia that invaded the uterus and vagina was observed. Discussion: Paraneoplastic syndromes are a group of manifestations produced as a remote effect of cancer cells. CAR syndrome is caused by autoimmune reactions to retinal antigens induced by aberrant expression of recoverin in cancer tissues. Ophthalmologists must be aware of ocular paraneoplastic signs as they can be the first manifestations of a malignant tumour (AU)

[Ocular paraneoplastic syndrome: cancer-associated retinopathy]. / Síndrome paraneoplásico ocular: retinopatía asociada al cáncer.

CASE REPORT: We review a patient with ocular manifestations of a paraneoplastic syndrome. It was a cancer-associated retinopathy (CAR) in a woman with visual loss, and attenuated and sheathed retinal arterioles. The electroretinography (ERG) showed severe abnormalities of the a and b-waves. The tumour process was not discovered until 6 months later, when a squamous neoplasia that invaded the uterus and vagina was observed. DISCUSSION: Paraneoplastic syndromes are a group of manifestations produced as a remote effect of cancer cells. CAR syndrome is caused by autoimmune reactions to retinal antigens induced by aberrant expression of recoverin in cancer tissues. Ophthalmologists must be aware of ocular paraneoplastic signs as they can be the first manifestations of a malignant tumour.

Memoria sobre la Oftalmología española presentada en el 1. er Congreso de Oftalmología (Bruselas, 1857) / Report on Spanish ophthalmology presented in the 1 st Ophthalmology Congress (Brussels, 1857)

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Gafas en el arte español del s. xv (II) / Eyeglasses in xv century Spanish art (II)

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