Surface and groundwater relationship in an anthropically modified area.

This study assessed the relationship between the recharge of the unconfined sedimentary Adamantina Aquifer and its discharge into the Batalha River in a small basin of 125 km2 that drains the municipalities of Bauru, Agudos and Piratininga (SP, Brazil). According to the Eckhardt Flow Separation Filters and Soil Moisture Accounting Procedure methods, the recharge was 312.6 mm/yr and 232.0 mm/yr, respectively; and 286.2 mm/yr to the modified-Thornthwaite method for the 2000-2018 period. Recharge values prone to converge as more extended periods are analyzed (ideally 18 years) because the sensitivities to a specific parameter tend to be mitigated over time. With the integration of the methods, we established how changes in land-use impact the aquifer recharge and, thus, the discharges and the behavior of the river's recession curve. Areas used to cultivate sugar cane (193 mm/yr), eucalyptus (150 mm/yr), or to urbanization (72 mm/yr) exert control over aquifer recharge even more than topography or type of soil. The combined and integrated use of three simple techniques allows them to be used for land-use planning and assessment of water availability in small hydrographic basins when hydrological data are scarce.

Geologic conceptual model of the municipality of Sete Lagoas (MG, Brazil) and the surroundings.

The study area is located in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, among the municipalities of Pedro Leopoldo, Matozinhos, and Sete Lagoas, with Velhas River as the eastern boundary. It is located in the São Francisco Craton, where carbonated argillo-arenaceous sediments are emplaced giving origin to the Bambuí Group, in the São Francisco Basin. Despite the geological knowledge previously developed, the region needs work on integration and detailing of such information. For this reason, the main objective was to contribute to the quality of the geologic cartography, the spatial distribution, and the structural framework geometry. Thus, geologic mapping, aerial photography interpretation, and evaluation of 270 lithologic well profiles were carried out. It was possible to establish a new geologic perspective of the region by obtaining the detailed geologic map of the municipality of Sete Lagoas, 14 geologic cross sections, and a geologic conceptual model. The study showed that the area is within a basin border, presenting a geometry conditioned by horst and graben system controlled by faulting. This structural feature displaced stratigraphic sequences positioning them side by side with lithologic sequences with different ages.