RESUMEN
Cervical Cancer (CC) is one of the most prevalent neoplasms among women, considered the leading cause of gynecological death worldwide, and the fourth most common type of cancer. Regional metastasis is closely related to the low effectiveness of treatment, and validating biomarkers can optimize accuracy in diagnosis and prognosis. Among the potential biomarkers associated with disease metastasis are circular RNAs (circRNAs), whose altered expression has been linked to CC progression. In this context, this systematic review aims to compile information on the clinical-pathological significance and describe the biological function of circRNAs. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were used to include relevant literature, followed by in silico analysis. Additionally, we employed the UALCAN tools to search for host genes of circRNAs and expression data, miRTargetLink 2.0 to predict interactions of microRNA target genes and the Cytoscape software to predict possible interactions of microRNA target genes. According to the research, most circRNAs were found to be overexpressed and described as regulators of processes such as invasion, cell proliferation, apoptosis and migration. They were also implicated in clinical significance, including metastasis, TNM staging and microRNA interactions. CircRNAs may participate in critical processes in tumorigenesis; therefore, understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms of gene regulation in CC can contribute to the accuracy of diagnosis, prognosis and therapy.
RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Perform a systematic literature review on SNORA42 in carcinogenesis in order to elucidate its importance, its potential use as a biomarker and as a therapeutic target. METHODS: Using PubMed, SciELO and Science Direct databases as search means, articles that are in line with the scope of the study, written in English, that were published between 2012 and 2022, were selected using the following keywords: "small nucleolar RNA 42", "snoRNA 42" and "SNORA42", as well as searches for the synonyms of this snoRNA (SNORA80E, box H/ACA 42 and ACA42). RESULT: From a total of 131 studies, seven were selected, in which it was possible to identify that SNORA42 interferes in several biological processes, such as proliferation, migration, invasion, metastasis, apoptosis, and signaling pathways. Among the signaling pathways, the p53 and NF-KappaB pathways stand out. Moreover, it is a potential biomarker for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of cancer. CONCLUSION: The summary of the main information about SNORA42 in the process of carcinogenesis and cancer progression shows that the use of this snoRNA is ideal for future applications in the field of oncology, in which it can be used as a biomarker and therapeutic target. Thus, it is of fundamental importance to carry out new studies to consolidate the applicability of this molecule.
Asunto(s)
Carcinogénesis , ARN Nucleolar Pequeño , Humanos , ARN Nucleolar Pequeño/genética , ARN Nucleolar Pequeño/metabolismo , Pronóstico , ApoptosisRESUMEN
To characterize the epidemiological dynamics of acquired syphilis and gestational syphilis in the state of Maranhão, between 2010 and 2021. Methods: Confirmed cases of acquired syphilis between 2010 and 2021 and of gestational syphilis between 2010 and 2020, in the state of Maranhão, available by the Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) were analyzed. Results: The year 2018 had the highest number of reports of acquired syphilis (1.787 cases; p < 0.0001). The municipality of Duque Bacelar (East Mesoregion) had the highest incidence rate (285.5 per 100,000 inhabitants), for acquired syphilis, in the triennium 2016 to 2018. Regarding gestational syphilis, the year 2018 also stood out (1,892 cases; p < 0.0001) as the one with the highest number of records. The municipality of Buriticupu (West Mesoregion) had the highest detection rate of gestational syphilis (42.4 per 1,000 live births) in the biennium 2019 and 2020. Conclusions: The data presented showed municipalities with higher rates of acquired syphilis and gestational syphilis, concentrating located respectively in the East and West Mesoregions of the state of Maranhão. The findings obtained in the present study gather useful information for monitoring areas with a high incidence of the disease, thus contributing to the discussion and implementation of effective strategies to reduce cases.
Caracterizar a dinâmica epidemiológica da sífilis adquirida e da sífilis gestacional no Maranhão, entre 2010 e 2021. Métodos: Foram analisados os casos confirmados de sífilis adquirida entre 2010 e 2021 e de sífilis gestacional entre 2010 e 2020, no Maranhão, disponíveis pelo Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN). Resultados: O ano de 2018 teve o maior número de notificações de sífilis adquirida (1.787 casos; p < 0,0001). O município de Duque Bacelar (Mesoregião Oriental) teve a maior taxa de incidência (285,5 por 100.000 habitantes), para a sífilis adquirida, no triênio 2016 a 2018. Em relação à sífilis gestacional, o ano de 2018 também se destacou (1.892 casos; p < 0,0001) como o com o maior número de registros. O município de Buriticupu (Mesoregião Ocidental) teve a maior taxa de detecção de sífilis gestacional (42,4 por mil nascidos vivos) no biênio 2019 e 2020. Conclusões: Os dados apresentados mostraram municípios com maiores taxas de sífilis adquirida e sífilis gestacional, concentrando-se localizados respectivamente nas Mesoregiões Leste e Oeste do Estado do Maranhão. Os achados obtidos no presente estudo reúnem informações úteis para o monitoramento de áreas com alta incidência da doença, contribuindo assim para a discussão e implementação de estratégias eficazes para a redução de casos.
Caracterizar la dinámica epidemiológica de la sífilis adquirida y la sífilis gestacional en el estado de Maranhão, entre 2010 y 2021. Métodos: Se analizaron casos confirmados de sífilis adquirida entre 2010 y 2021 y de sífilis gestacional entre 2010 y 2020, en el estado de Maranhão, disponibles por el Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN). Resultados: El año 2018 tuvo el mayor número de reportes de sífilis adquirida (1,787 casos; p < 0,0001). El municipio de Duque Bacelar (Mesorregión Este) tuvo la mayor tasa de incidencia (285,5 por 100.000 habitantes), por sífilis adquirida, en el trienio 2016 al 2018. En cuanto a la sífilis gestacional, también se destacó el año 2018 (1.892 casos; p < 0,0001) como el de mayor número de registros. El municipio de Buriticupu (Mesorregión Oeste) tuvo la tasa más alta de detección de sífilis gestacional (42,4 por 1.000 nacidos vivos) en el bienio 2019 y 2020. Conclusiones: Los datos presentados mostraron municipios con mayores tasas de sífilis adquirida y gestacional, concentrándose respectivamente en las Mesorregiones Este y Oeste del estado de Maranhão. Los hallazgos obtenidos en el presente estudio reúnen información útil para el seguimiento de áreas con alta incidencia de la enfermedad, contribuyendo así a la discusión e implementación de estrategias efectivas para disminuir los casos.