RESUMEN
This is a Document from de Chilean Society of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery, along with the Chilean Society of Physical Therapy of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/prevención & control , Ejercicio Físico , Prevención Primaria , Calidad de Vida , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/epidemiología , Medición de Riesgo , Consenso , Prevención Secundaria , Conducta Sedentaria , Rehabilitación Cardiaca/métodosRESUMEN
Abstracts: 24 hour blood pressure monitoring. Recommendations from the Chilean Society of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery. The recommendations for blood pressure monitoring from the Chilean Society of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery are analyzed. Emphasis is placed on indications for the procedure, according to different classes and causes of hypertension. Implications of different types of hypertension for prognosis and indications for adequate therapy are discussed.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Monitoreo Ambulatorio de la Presión Arterial/normas , Hipertensión/diagnósticoRESUMEN
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the major complications of type 2 diabetes and is associated with coronary disease. Nephrin, a protein mainly expressed in glomeruli, is decreased in DN and other kidney diseases. Since insulin levels are misregulated in type 2 diabetes, a possible connection between DN and its decreased nephrin expression could be the presence of regulatory elements responsive to insulin in the nephrin gene (NPHS1) promoter region. In this work, using bioinformatic tools, we identified a purine-rich GAGA element in the nephrin gene promoter and conducted a genomic study in search of the presence of polymorphisms in this element and its possible association with DN in type 2 diabetic patients. We amplified and sequenced a 514 bp promoter region of 100 individuals and found no genetic variants in the purine-rich GAGA-box of the nephrin gene promoter between groups of patients with diabetes type 2 with and without renal and coronary complications, control patients without diabetes and healthy controls.
Asunto(s)
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/genética , Nefropatías Diabéticas/genética , Proteínas de la Membrana/genética , Polimorfismo Genético/genética , Regiones Promotoras Genéticas/genética , Adulto , Anciano , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Marcadores Genéticos/genética , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Genotipo , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Proyectos PilotoRESUMEN
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the major complications of type 2 diabetes and is associated with coronary disease. Nephrin, a protein mainly expressed in glomeruli, is decreased in DN and other kidney diseases. Since insulin levels are misregulated in type 2 diabetes, a possible connection between DN and its decreased nephrin expression could be the presence of regulatory elements responsive to insulin in the nephrin gene (NPHS1) promoter region. In this work, using bioinformatic tools, we identified a purine-rich GAGA element in the nephrin gene promoter and conducted a genomic study in search of the presence of polymorphisms in this element and its possible association with DN in type 2 diabetic patients. We amplified and sequenced a 514 bp promoter region of 100 individuals and found no genetic variants in the purine-rich GAGA-box of the nephrin gene promoter between groups of patients with diabetes type 2 with and without renal and coronary complications, control patients without diabetes and healthy controls.
Asunto(s)
Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , /genética , Nefropatías Diabéticas/genética , Proteínas de la Membrana/genética , Regiones Promotoras Genéticas , Polimorfismo Genético/genética , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Genotipo , Marcadores Genéticos/genética , Proyectos PilotoRESUMEN
Antecedentes: El pronóstico de los pacientes con cardiopatía coronaria, una vez superada la fase aguda, depende en gran medida del adecuado control de los factores de riesgo (FR) y los programas de rehabilitación cardíaca (RC), que han demostrado importantes beneficios en este sentido. Objetivos: Estimar la prevalencia de los FR en los pacientes coronarios al inicio de un programa de RC, evaluar la modificación de los FR al término de éste y el seguimiento a los 6 meses. Métodos: Se incluyeron 35 pacientes que completaron el programa de RC, entre enero y junio de 2004. Se revisaron las fichas clínicas, se hizo control de glicemia, perfil lipídico, presión arterial y peso, y se evaluó nivel de actividad física y hábito tabáquico, tanto al término de la RC como a los 6 meses. Resultados: De los 35 pacientes, 20 son hombres y 15 son mujeres, con edad promedio 56,8 años (rango 38 -76 años) Al ingresar al programa, 91,4 por ciento de los pacientes tenía dislipidemia; 68,5 por ciento hipertensión arterial; 17,1 por ciento diabetes; 31,4 por ciento obesidad; 37,1 por ciento tabaquismo activo; y 85,7 por ciento sedentarismo. Comparando los resultados a los 6 meses, los porcentajes disminuyeron en forma significativa a 45,7 por ciento en el caso de dislipidemia, 25,7 por ciento en hipertensión arterial y 57,1 por ciento en sedentarismo. El resto de los factores de riesgo no disminuyeron en forma estadísticamente significativa. Conclusiones: Los pacientes coronarios con FR que realizan RC modifican sus FR en forma positiva y esto se mantiene en el tiempo, evidenciándose el mayor impacto en hipertensión arterial, dislipidemia y sedentarismo.
Background: Following coronary events, the long term prognosis of patients is largely dependent on adequate control of risk factors (RF). Cardiac rehabilitation programs have been shown to be useful in controlling RF. Aim: To assess the prevalence of RF in coronary artery disease patients before and after a 6 month RP. Methods: Thirty five patients who completed a RP between January and June 2004 were studied. Medical records were reviewed and basal and post RP blood glucose levels, lipid profile, blood pressure and body weight were measured. History of smoking and levels of physical activity were estimated. Results: There were 20 males and 15 females with age 56,8 (range 38-76). Before RP there the prevalence for the following RF was: dyslipidemia 91.4 percent; hypertension 68.5 percent; diabetes 17.1 percent; obesity 31.4 percent; active smoking 37.1 percent and physical inactivity 85.7 percent. Six month after the RP, the corresponding values were: dyslipidemia 45.7 percent, hypertension 25.7 percent and physical inactivity 57.1 percent. Remaining factors were not modified. Conclusion: Coronary artery patients submitted to a RP exhibit sustained improvements in cardiovascular RF, namely hypertension, dyslipidemia and sedentarism.