Health Transparency and Communication on the Government Websites of Ibero-American Countries: The Cases of Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, and Spain.

Through the strategic use of health communication from their websites, government institutions can achieve greater promotion and prevent health issues for citizens, at whom such websites are aimed. Thus, the transparency of these sites is essential to favor issues such as participation, accountability, and good governance. In the present study, through content analysis, we examined how active transparency and communication in health is built through analyzing the information provided by the different administrative levels with competencies in this field (government, regions, and municipalities) from the following countries: Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, and Spain. The results were projected according to a double axis of analysis. On the one hand, we offer a description of the levels of management of this phenomenon (structural characteristics and available resources). On the other hand, we developed indices based on each of the countries to compare the typologies grouped in these Ibero-American countries. As a general conclusion, the results evinced insufficient transparency in common; however, the deficit was less in countries that had a public health system.

Análisis de la percepción de las madres frente a la estrategia comunicacional intramural para combatir la anemia en Perú. Estúdio de caso sobre la suplementación de micronutrientes a partir de un centro de salud en Lima / The analysis of the perception of mothers against the intramural communication as a strategy to combat anemia in Peru. A case study on micronutrient supplementation from a health center in Lima

RESUMEN Objetivo: Determinar sí la implementación de las estrategias comunicacionales influencian de manera efectiva para el posicionamiento de la suplementación en micronutrientes enmarcado en la normatividad peruana del tratamiento de anemia. Materiales y métodos: Se seleccionó una muestra de 27 madres, entre 20 a 30 años. Enfoque cualitativo. Entrevistas a profundidad, divididas en dos ejes de estudio: Posicionamiento (Recordación, Comportamiento, Actitud, Afecto y Atributo) y Estrategias (Sesiones Demostrativas, Sesiones Educativas, Persuasión y Atención del personal). Resultados: Las acciones comunicacionales generaron que las madres se informen sobre los micronutrientes, conozcan sus beneficios y efectos colaterales como la diarrea y estreñimiento. Respecto a la variable 'posicionamiento', sí existe recordación sobre el uso de los micronutrientes; y en el análisis de la variable 'estrategia' se generó conocimiento sobre la preparación de platos ricos en hierro, y mediante el uso de juegos educativos se persuadió la atención de los usuarios. Conclusión: Se evidenció la efectividad de la implementación de las estrategias comunicacionales. Los usuarios recibieron los mensajes durante su participación en las sesiones demostrativas que influenciaron en el empoderamiento de las madres con respecto a los cuidados que se debe tener para prevenir y combatir la anemia. Siendo evaluados mediante la percepción de las usuarias en cada uno de los criterios de posicionamiento.

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine if the implementation of communication strategies can influence effectively the positioning of micronutrient supplementation framed in the Peruvian regulations for the treatment of anemia. Resources and methods: We selected a group of 27 mothers, between 20 and 30 years. Qualitative approach. Interviews divided into two areas of study: Positioning (Reminder, Behavior, Attitude, Affection and Attribute) and Strategies (Demonstration Sessions, Educational Sessions, Persuasion and Staff Attention). Results: The actions of communication generated that the mothers are informed about the micronutrients, know their benefits and side effects such as diarrhea and constipation. Regarding the variable 'positioning' there is a recall about the use of micronutrients; and with the analysis of the 'strategy' variable, knowledge was generated about the preparation of iron-rich dishes and, through the use of educational games, users' attention was persuaded. Conclusion: It is an evidence that the efectiveness of implementation of communication strategies, where users received messages during their participations in demonstration sessions that influenced in empowement of the mothers regarding the cares they must have to prevent and fight the anemia being evaluated through the perception of users in each positioning criterion.