Evaluation of the association of physical activity levels with self-perceived health, depression, and anxiety in Spanish individuals with high cholesterol levels: a retrospective cross-sectional study.

Background: Hypercholesterolemia is the most common form of dyslipidaemia in the world leading to negative health effects, both physical and mental. Physical activity (PA) can reduce total cholesterol and has positive effects on mental health. This retrospective cross-sectional study analyses the relationships between physical activity level (PAL), self-perceived health (SPH) and mental health. Methods: This study was based on data from the Spanish National Health Survey 2017 (SNHS 2017), with 3,176 Spanish adults with high cholesterol as participants. Non-parametric tests were used as the data did not follow normality. Results: Dependent relationships were found between PAL and SPH, depression and anxiety. Women had higher depression and anxiety prevalences than men, while men were more likely to report being very active, although the proportion of walkers was higher in women. The physically inactive population presented higher negative SPH, depression and anxiety proportions and psychological distress than physically active people. Conclusion: The physically inactive people had a higher risk of negative SPH, depression and anxiety. Regular PA may improve SPH and mental health in people with high cholesterol, but more studies are needed to establish causal relationships, mechanisms, and optimal doses.

Global trends in dementia care research in the context of COVID-19: bibliometric analysis.

Alzheimer's disease is the most common type of dementia, producing a deterioration in the activities of daily living which can lead to the need for care provision. COVID-19 impacted their quality of life and in this care delivery. This study aimed to analyse most productive and prominent authors, the journals and countries with the highest number of publications, the most cited documents and the most used keywords. Publications were retrieved from journals indexed in the Main Collection of the Web of Science (WoS) and analysed using the traditional laws of bibliometrics. A total of 376 documents were found. The WoS categories with the highest number of publications accumulated were "Geriatric Gerontology" and "Gerontology." Clarissa Giebel was the most productive (23 papers) and most cited (with 569 citations) co-author. The Journal of Alzheimer's Disease (21 papers) published the most number of documents. The manuscript "2021 Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures" was the most cited. Four thematic clusters related to mental health, telemedicine, care and well-being were found among the authors' keywords. Research networks exist worldwide, with the United States of America and England leading the scientific output. These results may be of interest to researchers, publishers and professionals interested in this subject, as they provide current information on publications related to this topic.

Bibliometric Analysis on Equine-Assisted Interventions.

Equine Assisted Interventions (EAIs) integrate the active participation of horses in therapeutic or educational interventions. A bibliometric analysis was carried out on this topic, using traditional bibliometric laws and recommendations. For this purpose, a search on the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection database was carried out, obtaining 333 documents. Annual publications followed an exponentially increasing trend (R2 = 86%), pointing out that this topic is a growing interest among researchers, publishers, and journals. The USA was the most productive country worldwide and Jeong-yi Kwon and Ji Lee were the prolific co-authors. The WoS category with the highest number of papers was Rehabilitation (84 papers). The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, and Pediatric Physical Therapy were the journals with the highest number of publications. The most cited paper was "State of the Evidence Traffic Lights 2019: Systematic Review of Interventions for Preventing and Treating Children with Cerebral Palsy". The most used author keywords were rehabilitation, balance, and those related to specific populations such as Cerebral Palsy and Autism Spectrum Disorder. These results suggest that EAIs is a topic of increasing interest for researchers, editors, and professionals.

Early Intervention, Regular Education, and Family: Reciprocal Influences on Communication and Language Disorders.

Families are the primary caregivers and the main source of support for their children. Family resilience involves coping and adapting to stressful situations. This study explored the impact of previous treatment experience on parental resilience, in families, as well as the relationship between family history of communication and language disorders and parental stress. These variables were assessed through the Resilience Scale and the Parental Stress Index in parents of 220 children aged 3 to 6 years attending mainstream schools and early intervention (EI) centers in Caceres (Spain). The results revealed significant differences in resilience between parents who had received previous treatments and those who had not (p = 0.11). Furthermore, a significant association was found between having no family history of communication and language disorders and the Dysfunctional Parent-Child Interaction subscale from the Parental Stress Index (U = -2.079, p = 0.038). These findings highlight the relevance of previous experience in EI to build family resilience as resilient parents are more likely to be actively involved in their children's education and create a supportive environment. Thus, promoting resilience in educational settings may have positive effects on children's and families' quality of life during the EI process.

"Por las razones adecuadas": producción y competencias científicas en la investigación en terapia ocupacional / "For the right reasons": scientific production and competencies in occupational therapy research

La investigación de calidad es una de las piedras angulares sobre la que se sustenta la práctica basada en la evidencia. De esta forma, tanto leer como producir ciencia nos pone en el camino para realizar la mejor toma de decisiones posible sobre los procedimientos a aplicar junto con los usuarios. En estos últimos años se han evidenciado las limitaciones y barreras a las que se enfrentan los y las terapeutas ocupacionales a la hora de implementar una terapia ocupacional basada en la evidencia de calidad en su práctica diaria: mayor necesidad de formación metodológica, en bioestadística y/o dificultad para analizar la literatura disponible. Además, cada vez se tiene una mayor conciencia de la existencia de una brecha entre el ejercicio profesional y la investigación, lo que esperamos invite a reducir dicha brecha para poder ofrecer a la sociedad una práctica basada en las mejores evidencias disponibles.

High quality research is one of the foundations on which evidence-based occupational therapy is sustained. In this way, both reading and producing science allows us to take the best decisions about the most appropriate approaches to apply with our users. In recent years, the limitations and barriers faced by occupational therapists implementing an evidence-based occupational therapy in their daily practice have become obvious: a greater need for both methodological and biostatistics training, or the difficulty in analyzing the available literature. But there is a growing awareness of the existence of a gap between professional practice and research, which we hope will help to reduce this gap to offer society a practice based on the best available evidence.

Análisis cienciométrico de tesis doctorales de terapia ocupacional / Análise cientométrica das teses de doutoramento em terapia ocupacional / Scientometric analysis of occupational therapy Ph.D. theses

Resumen Introducción La Cienciometría es el estudio de los aspectos cuantitativos de la literatura científica y tecnológica, y ayuda a crear una visión amplia de los logros de la investigación en un campo científico. Una tesis doctoral es un estudio de investigación original sobre un área científica realizado por un candidato y se considera un indicador de personal altamente cualificado. Hasta donde sabemos, no se ha realizado ningún análisis cienciométrico en terapia ocupacional em España. Objetivos Caracterizar las tesis doctorales de terapia ocupacional defendidas em España y su tendencia. Metodo: Se ha realizado un estudio cienciométrico, descriptivo y retrospectivo entre 1976 y noviembre de 2019, utilizando la información buscada en las bases de datos TESEO y SOCINTO, el Portal de Ética DART-Europe y el repositório Dialnet. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos y de regresión. Resultados 77 tesis doctorales cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. La regresión lineal refleja una progresión diacrónica con r2= 0,530 con una significación estadística (p<.001). Conclusión La producción de tesis doctorales de terapia ocupacional en España se ha incrementado en las dos últimas décadas. Esta investigación ha contribuido a caracterizar el estado actual de las tesis doctorales de terapia ocupacional defendida em España, considerando el análisis de las tesis doctorales como un importante indicador cienciométrico y siendo el primer estudio de este tipo a nivel mundial.

Resumo Introdução A cienciometria é o estudo dos aspectos quantitativos da literatura científica e tecnológica, contribuindo para criar uma visão ampla dos resultados da investigação num campo científico. Uma tese de doutoramento é um estudo de investigação original sobre uma área científica realizado por um candidato e é considerada uma qualificação pessoal altamente qualificada. Segundo os nossos melhores conhecimentos, não foi realizada qualquer análise cientométrica em terapia ocupacional na Espanha. Objetivos Caracterizar as teses de doutoramento em terapia ocupacional defendidas na Espanha e a suas tendências. Método Foi realizado um estudo cientométrico, descritivo e retrospectivo entre 1976 e novembro de 2019, utilizando a pesquisa de informação nas bases de dados TESEO e SOCINTO, no Portal DART-Europe Etheses e no repositório Dialnet. Foram realizadas análises descritivas e regressivas. Resultados 77 teses de doutoramento cumpriram os critérios de inclusão. A regressão linear reflete uma progressão diacrônica com r2= 0,530, com um significado estatístico (p<.001). Conclusão A produção de teses de doutoramento em terapia ocupacional na Espanha aumentou nas últimas duas décadas. Esta investigação ajudou a caracterizar o estado atual das teses de doutoramento em terapia ocupacional defendidas na Espanha, considerando a análise de teses de doutoramento como um indicador cientificamente importante e sendo o primeiro estudo deste tipo em nível mundial.

Abstract Introduction Scientometry is the study of the quantitative aspects of the scientific and technological literature, helping in creating a broad vision of the research achievements in a scientific field. A Ph.D. thesis is an original research study about a scientific area carried out by a candidate and is considered an indicator of highly qualified staff. To our best knowledge, no scientometric analysis has been performed in occupational therapy in Spain. Objective To characterize occupational therapy Ph.D. theses defended in Spain and its trend. Method A scientometric, descriptive, retrospective study was conducted between 1976 and November 2019, using the information searching in the TESEO and SOCINTO databases, the DART-Europe Etheses Portal, and the Dialnet repository. Descriptive and regression analyses were carried out. Results 77 Ph.D. theses met the inclusion criteria. The linear regression reflects a diachronic progression with r2= 0.530 with a statistical significance (p<.001). Conclusion The production of occupational therapy Ph.D. theses in Spain has been increased in the last two decades. This research has helped to characterize the current state of the occupational therapy Ph.D. theses defended in Spain, considering Ph.D. theses analysis as an important scientometric indicator and being the first study of this type worldwide.

Técnicas sensoriales específicas y modificaciones sensoriales ambientales para niños y jóvenes con dificultades de integración sensorial: una revisión sistemática / Specific sensory techniques and sensory environmental modifications for children and youth with sensory integration difficulties: a systematic review

Este trabajo realiza una revisión sistemática de intervenciones sensoriales distintas de la Integración Sensorial de Ayres, realizando un análisis de investigaciones que utilizan técnicas sensoriales específicas y modificaciones ambientales, publicadas entre 2007 y 2015. De los trabajos analizados, 8 cumplen con los criterios de inclusión-exclusión. Excepto el masaje Qigong, con una evidencia de moderada a fuerte y la modificación ambiental de una clínica dental, con evidencia moderada, el resto de técnicas obtienen una evidencia limitada. De esta forma, los terapeutas ocupacionales deben realizar estudios con calidad metodológica suficiente que nos ayuden a delimitar la eficacia de las técnicas e intervención que se utilizan a nivel sensorial, elegir las técnicas de tratamiento que mejor evidencia tengan para ayudar a los clientes con dificultades sensoriales a mejorar su desempeño ocupacional y continuar formándose en Integración Sensorial

This paper carries out a systematic review of sensory interventions, different than Sensory Integration of Ayres, making an analysis of research using specific sensory techniques and sensory environmental modifications, between 2007 and 2015. At the end, 8 works meet the inclusion-exclusion criteria. Except Qigong massage, with moderate to strong evidence, and the environmental modification of a dental clinic, with moderate evidence, the rest of techniques show limited evidence. So occupational therapists must perform studies with methodological quality enough to help us to define the effectiveness of the techniques and interventions used for sensory disfunctions, to choose the best evidence treatment techniques to help clients with sensory difficulties to improve their occupational performance and as professionals, we must be trained in Sensorial Integration and other sensory techniques

Problemas en la integración sensorial en niños huérfanos, institucionalizados y adoptados: una revisión exploratoria / Sensory integration problems in orphaned, institutionalized and adopted children: a scoping review

Objetivo:conocer el estado actual del conocimiento sobre de problemas en el procesamiento sensorial en niños huérfanos, institucionalizados y adoptados. Metodología:revisión en la base de datos SCOPUS y en el buscador PubMed. Resultados: 12 trabajos que cumplen con los criterios de inclusión-exclusión. De ellos, 7 ilustran los problemas de salud y disfunciones ocupacionales de los niños que residen en instituciones y otros 5, de los niños adoptados. Conclusiones:A la luz de los estudios encontrados, parece ser que los niños institucionalizados, huérfanos y adoptados podrían presentan dificultades relacionadas con problemas en la Integración Sensorial.

Aim: examining the current state of knowledge about the problems in sensory processing in orphaned, institutionalized and adopted children.Methods: a review in the SCOPUS database and in the PubMed search engine was conducted. Results: 12 studies met the inclusion-exclusion criteria. 7 illustrated health problems and occupational dysfunctions of children residing in institutions. The other 5 examined problems in adopted children. Conclusions: to our best knowledge, institutionalized, orphaned and adopted children should present problems related to sensory integration.