HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 genes in patients diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus in Guatemala.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder that impacts connective tissue and can affect various organs and systems within the body. One important aspect of this disease is the role of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system, a protein complex that plays a role in the immune response. Specifically, the HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 genes have been implicated in the development of SLE. In order to better understand this relationship in the Guatemalan population, a study was conducted with the objective of characterizing the allelic and haplotype profiles of the HLA-DQB1 and HLA-DRB1 loci in 50 patients diagnosed with SLE who were receiving treatment at a hospital in Guatemala. Allele and haplotype frequencies were determined and compared to 127 healthy Guatemalan subjects as a control group. The results of the analysis showed a reduction in the frequencies of HLA-DQB1*03 and HLA-DRB1*14 in SLE patients, which could suggest a protective effect on the development of the disease. In contrast, a risk association was found between HLA-DRB1*07, HLA-DRB1*08, HLA-DQB1*02 and HLA-DQB1*06 in SLE patients. Finally, we observed an additional protective associated of haplotype HLA-DRB1*04∼DQB1*03 with SLE patients, while haplotypes HLA-DRB1*07∼DQB1*02 and DRB1*08-DQB1*06 showed a risk association.

Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies pre- and post-vaccination behavior in health workers from a Guatemalan cancer center.

INTRODUCTION: The study of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies allows asymptomatic individuals with COVID-19 to be identified, and post-infection and post-vaccination immunity status to be evaluated. OBJECTIVE: To know the behavior of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies before and after vaccination in workers of a cancer center. METHODS: Prior to the application of the vaccine, the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies (n = 171) was analyzed by evaluating anti-N IgG antibodies; post-vaccination, after receiving the second dose, anti-S IgG antibodies were evaluated (n = 60). RESULTS: Prior to vaccination, IgG antibodies were present in 18.71% of participants; they were detected in 65.22% of those with prior history of COVID-19 diagnosis and in 11.49% of those without it. The positions with the highest prevalence were nurses (28.26%), paramedics (27.59%) and administrative workers (27.78%), p < 0.01. Anosmia, ageusia and chest tightness were associated with the presence of IgG (p < 0.05). Post-vaccination, all participants developed IgG antibodies; people with a previous COVID-19 diagnosis had higher titers: 10,277 vs. 6,819 AU/mL, p < 0.001. CONCLUSIONS: The study of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies allowed asymptomatic health workers to be identified. A high percentage of participants with prior COVID-19 diagnosis had antibodies. All participants developed IgG antibodies after vaccination, with higher titers being identified in those with previous infection.

INTRODUCCIÓN: El estudio de anticuerpos IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 permite identificar individuos asintomáticos con COVID-19 y evaluar la inmunidad posinfección y posvacunación. OBJETIVO: Conocer el comportamiento de los anticuerpos IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 pre y posvacunación en trabajadores de un centro oncológico. MÉTODOS: Antes de aplicar la vacuna se analizaron los anticuerpos IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 (n = 171) con la evaluación de IgG anti-N; después de la segunda dosis se evaluó IgG anti-S (n = 60). RESULTADOS: Prevacunación, los anticuerpos IgG estaban presentes en 18.71 % de los participantes; se detectaron en 65.22 % de aquellos con antecedente de diagnóstico de COVID-19 y en 11.49 % de aquellos sin antecedentes. Los profesiones con mayor prevalencia fueron enfermeros (28.26 %), paramédicos (27.59 %) y administrativos (27.78 %), p < 0.01. La anosmia, ageusia y opresión en el pecho se asociaron a la presencia de IgG (p < 0.05). Posvacunación, todos los participantes desarrollaron IgG; las personas con diagnóstico previo de COVID-19 presentaron mayores títulos: 10 277 versus 6819 UA/mL, p < 0.001. CONCLUSIONES: El estudio de anticuerpos IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 permitió identificar a trabajadores de salud asintomáticos. Un alto porcentaje de los participantes con diagnóstico previo de COVID-19 presentó anticuerpos. Todos los participantes desarrollaron anticuerpos IgG posvacunación; las personas con infección previa presentaron una cuantificación más alta de títulos.

Comportamiento de anticuerpos IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 en trabajadores de salud pre y posvacunación en un centro oncológico de Guatemala / Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies pre- and post-vaccination behavior in health workers from a Guatemalan cancer center

Resumen Introducción: El estudio de anticuerpos IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 permite identificar individuos asintomáticos con COVID-19 y evaluar la inmunidad posinfección y posvacunación. Objetivo: Conocer el comportamiento de los anticuerpos IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 pre y posvacunación en trabajadores de un centro oncológico. Métodos: Antes de aplicar la vacuna se analizaron los anticuerpos IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 (n = 171) con la evaluación de IgG anti-N; después de la segunda dosis se evaluó IgG anti-S (n = 60). Resultados: Prevacunación, los anticuerpos IgG estaban presentes en 18.71 % de los participantes; se detectaron en 65.22 % de aquellos con antecedente de diagnóstico de COVID-19 y en 11.49 % de aquellos sin antecedentes. Los profesiones con mayor prevalencia fueron enfermeros (28.26 %), paramédicos (27.59 %) y administrativos (27.78 %), p < 0.01. La anosmia, ageusia y opresión en el pecho se asociaron a la presencia de IgG (p < 0.05). Posvacunación, todos los participantes desarrollaron IgG; las personas con diagnóstico previo de COVID-19 presentaron mayores títulos: 10 277 versus 6819 UA/mL, p < 0.001. Conclusiones: El estudio de anticuerpos IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 permitió identificar a trabajadores de salud asintomáticos. Un alto porcentaje de los participantes con diagnóstico previo de COVID-19 presentó anticuerpos. Todos los participantes desarrollaron anticuerpos IgG posvacunación; las personas con infección previa presentaron una cuantificación más alta de títulos.

Abstract Introduction: The study of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies allows asymptomatic individuals with COVID-19 to be identified, and post-infection and post-vaccination immunity status to be evaluated. Objective: To know the behavior of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies before and after vaccination in workers of a cancer center. Methods: Prior to the application of the vaccine, the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies (n = 171) was analyzed by evaluating anti-N IgG antibodies; post-vaccination, after receiving the second dose, anti-S IgG antibodies were evaluated (n = 60). Results: Prior to vaccination, IgG antibodies were present in 18.71% of participants; they were detected in 65.22% of those with prior history of COVID-19 diagnosis and in 11.49% of those without it. The positions with the highest prevalence were nurses (28.26%), paramedics (27.59%) and administrative workers (27.78%), p < 0.01. Anosmia, ageusia and chest tightness were associated with the presence of IgG (p < 0.05). Post-vaccination, all participants developed IgG antibodies; people with a previous COVID-19 diagnosis had higher titers: 10,277 vs. 6,819 AU/mL, p < 0.001. Conclusions: The study of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG allowed asymptomatic health workers to be identified. A high percentage of participants with prior COVID-19 diagnosis had antibodies. All participants developed IgG after vaccination, with higher titers being identified in those with previous infection.