Comparison of the Accuracy of Manual and Digital Cephalometric Prediction Methods in Orthognathic Surgical Planning: A Pilot Study.

OBJECTIVE: To compare and evaluate the reliability of manual and digital cephalometric prediction methods in orthognathic surgical planning. METHODS: Ten adults (5 females and 5 males) with skeletal class III malocclusion were included. The mean patient age was 21.97 years. Pre- to postoperative changes were evaluated using paired t-test. Manual surgical predictions made by tracing on acetate paper and digital predictions made using computer software were compared with actual postoperative values using intraclass correlation coefficient and root mean square. RESULTS: Statistically significant changes were observed in SNA, SNB, ANB, U1i-FH, and Nperp-A following bimaxillary orthognathic surgery (p<0.001). Postoperative changes in Co-A and Nperp-Pg were statistically significant (p<0.05). Comparison of manual and digital surgical predictions with actual postoperative values revealed that overbite and overjet showed the lowest agreements. Manual predictions were less accurate for points that were difficult to distinguish (Co and U6). Skeletal predictions were more accurate than dental predictions. CONCLUSION: Parameters with low reproducibility (Co and U6) decrease the reliability of predictions. Dental predictions were inaccurate in both methods due to the effects of intermaxillary elastics, but both methods yielded similar predictions for skeletal parameters. The impact of applying strong elastics for postoperative intermaxillary fixation should be considered when making surgical predictions.

Effects of a porphyrazine derivative on some developmental characteristics of Drosophila melanogaster.

In this study, the effects of a porphyrazine derivative, [octakis (2-trimethylammoniumethyl thio) porphyrazinatocobalt] octaiodide (CoPzq), were explored on the developmental characteristics, sex ratio and egg fertility of Drosophila melanogaster. CoPzq was preferred in the study due to its probability to be used as a chemotherapeutic agent in medicine. As a result of the application of CoPzq, a phenotypic abnormality was revealed within the individuals of F1 and F2 generation of Drosophila. Although individuals of F2 generation did not directly come into contact with the chemical, the rate of abnormality is high. An increase was observed within both generations in terms of the egg fertility. Besides, a deviation emerged in the sex-ratio in some concentrations.

The assessment of unaided visual examination, intraoral camera and operating microscope for the detection of occlusal caries lesions.

This study compared the efficiency of unaided visual examination, intraoral camera and operating microscope according to a visual scoring system (ERK) at occlusal caries detection. A total of 84 extracted human molars were mounted to create mouth models with a premolar in contact on both sides. The models were examined in a phantom head simulating clinical conditions by four observers using the three techniques: unaided visual examination, an intraoral camera and on operating microscope according to the ERK scale. The teeth were than sectioned in a mesio-distal direction and examined under a stereomicroscope with 10x magnification for histological validation. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive and negative predictive values were calculated for the four observers with three techniques and statistical analyses were performed using Friedman and DUNN tests, while strength of agreement was determined by calculating Kappa values. From the data, mean sensitivity values were cal. culated as 0.26, 0.43, 0.49 and mean specificity values as 0.87, 0.80 and 0.73 for unaided visual examination, intraoral camera and operating micro scope, respectively. The Kappa values ranged between 0.187 and 0.301 for visual examination, 0.328 and 0.459 for intraoral camera and 0.363 and 0.516 for operating microscope. As a result, the use of an intraoral camera and operating microscope improved occlusal caries detection according to the ERK scale.