RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of olanzapine on aggressive behaviour and tic severity in children with Tourette's Syndrome (TS). METHOD: Ten (10) subjects (aged 7-13 years) with a primary diagnosis of TS and a history of aggressive behaviour were treated in a single-blind, 2-week placebo run-in, 8-week treatment phase trial. The starting dose of olanzapine was 1.25-2.5 mg/day and was titrated at biweekly intervals, as tolerated. The mean dosage at the end of the trial was 14.5 mg/day. RESULTS: All 10 subjects completed the study. Olanzapine produced clinically and statistically significant reductions of aggression and tic severity from baseline to trial completion, as measured by the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS). Weight gain during the treatment period was the most common adverse effect (range 2-20 lbs: group mean 12.0 lbs +/- 5.71). No other significant adverse effects were observed during the 10-week trial. CONCLUSION: The results of this trial confirm clinical observations that olanzapine may be an effective treatment for aggression and tics in children with Tourette's syndrome. Olanzapine was generally well tolerated, although significant weight gain was observed throughout the trial.
Asunto(s)
Agresión/efectos de los fármacos , Antipsicóticos/uso terapéutico , Benzodiazepinas/uso terapéutico , Tics/tratamiento farmacológico , Síndrome de Tourette/tratamiento farmacológico , Síndrome de Tourette/psicología , Adolescente , Afecto/efectos de los fármacos , Antipsicóticos/administración & dosificación , Antipsicóticos/efectos adversos , Ansiedad/psicología , Enfermedades de los Ganglios Basales/inducido químicamente , Enfermedades de los Ganglios Basales/epidemiología , Benzodiazepinas/administración & dosificación , Benzodiazepinas/efectos adversos , Niño , Familia , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Trastorno Obsesivo Compulsivo/complicaciones , Trastorno Obsesivo Compulsivo/psicología , Olanzapina , Proyectos Piloto , Estudios Prospectivos , Escalas de Valoración Psiquiátrica , Método Simple Ciego , Conducta Social , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Tics/psicología , Aumento de Peso/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
The authors examined the contribution of working memory performance to subjective cognitive complaints in HIV infection beyond the influence of depressive symptoms. Thirty-six adults with HIV infection were administered neuropsychological (NP) tests of working memory, complex psychomotor efficiency, verbal learning, delayed recall, and questionnaires measuring depressive symptoms and cognitive complaints. Working memory performance, depression scores, and complex psychomotor efficiency were most strongly associated with self-reported cognitive complaints, whereas verbal learning scores and simple psychomotor efficiency showed more modest associations. Regression analyses revealed working memory performance to be the strongest NP predictor of self-reported cognitive complaints, comparable with depression scores in the amount of variance explained. These results suggest that working memory performance may be well suited to reflect how patients function in their everyday environment.