Taiwanoshaira Lee & Beenen, a new genus and first record of moss-inhabiting Galerucinaesensu stricto (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) from Taiwan.

Taiwanoshaira Lee & Beenen gen. nov. is described. It represents the first genus of Galerucinae (s. str.) in Taiwan documented to inhabit moss cushions. Shaira chujoi Kimoto, 1982 is transferred to Taiwanoshaira, as follows: T. chujoi (Kimoto), comb. nov. Two new species, T. taipingshanensis sp. nov. and T. tsoui sp. nov., are described. Adults of T. taipingshanensis sp. nov. were observed feeding on the moss species Plagiomnium vesicatum (Besch.) T.J. Kop. (Mniaceae). Microhabitats and distribution of Taiwanoshaira species are discussed.

Revision of the Palaearctic and Oriental species of the genus Oides Weber, 1801 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae).

Forty species of the genus Oides Weber, 1801 are considered as valid in the Palaearctic and Oriental regions. Six new species are described: O. bezdeki sp. nov., O. hsui sp. nov., O. takizawai sp. nov., and O. wangi sp. nov. from Sulawesi (Indonesia); O. boreri sp. nov. from Laos; and O. geiseri sp. nov. from India, Nepal, and Myanmar. The following synonymies are proposed: O. maculicollis Jacoby, 1886 as a junior synonym of O. apicalis Jacoby, 1883; O. niasensis Bowditch, 1925 as a junior synonym of O. duodecimpunctata (Clark, 1865); A. sumatrensis Blanchard, 1853, A. philippinensis Boheman, 1859, O. flavipes Duvivier, 1884, O. abdominalis Duvivier, 1884, O. subtilissima Duvivier, 1884, O. flavida Duvivier, 1884, O. elliptica Duvivier, 1884, O. marcida Duvivier, 1884, O. rhabodscelis Weise, 1922, O. bakeri Laboissière, 1925, and O. ovalis Laboissière, 1925 as junior synonyms of O. flava (Olivier, 1807); O. bengalensis Maulik, 1936 as a junior synonym of O. innocua Gahan, 1891; O. violaceipennis Duvivier, 1884 as a junior synonym of O. metallica Jacoby, 1884; O. indosinensis Laboissière, 1927 as a junior synonym of O. palleata (Fabricius, 1801); O. sternalis Weise, 1913 as a junior synonym of O. quadriguttata Duvivier, 1884; O. gyironga Chen & Jaing, 1981 as a junior synonym of O. scutellata (Hope, 1830); O. indica Baly, 1879 and O. chinensis Weise, 1922 as junior synonyms of O. tarsata (Baly, 1865); O. tibialis Duvivier, 1884 as a junior synonym of O. vixilla Duvivier, 1884. Oides epipleuralis Laboissière is removed from synonymy with O. laticlava (Fairmaire, 1889); O. laticlava (Fairmaire, 1889) removed from synonymy with O. maculata (Olivier, 1807); O. thibettana Jacoby, 1900 and O. tibiella Wilcox, 1971 removed from synonymies with O. tarsata (Baly, 1865). Neotypes are designated for Adorium maculatum Olivier, 1807; A. subhemisphaericum Guérin-Méneville, 1830; A. diardi Guérin-Méneville, 1830; O. chinensis Weise, 1922; and O. leucomelaena Weise, 1922. Host plant information is provided when known.

Revision of the genus Shairella Chûjô, 1962 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae) from Taiwan, with descriptions of five new species.

The brachelytrous galerucine genus Shairella Chûjô is reviewed based on examination of 240 specimens. Five new species are described: S. cheni sp. nov., S. chungi sp. nov., S. guoi sp. nov., S. motienensis sp. nov., and S. tsoui sp. nov. The diversity and distribution of most of Shairella species are reflected on one major host plant - Clinopodium laxiflorum var. taiwanianum. Smaller compound eyes relative to otherwise similar galerucines are characteristic for Shairella and may be related to nocturnal behavior. The occurrence of a subapical white band on the antenna and its possible function is discussed.

Revision of Taiwanaenidea Kimoto, 1984 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae).

The genus Taiwanaenidea Kimoto, 1984 is a little-known galerucine genus known only with original description, which lacks illustrations. A number of specimens belonging to this genus are now available for study with effective collection made by Taiwan Chrysomelid Research Team. Two new species, T. cheni Lee and Beenen sp. nov. and T. jungchangi Lee and Beenen sp. nov. are here described. The other two known species, T. collaris Kimoto, 1984 and T. strigosa Kimoto, 1984 are reviewed and illustrations of diagnostic characters are presented. A key to all species of this genus is provided.

Revision of the genus Aulacophora from Taiwan (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae).

Ten species of the genus Aulacophora Chevrolat, 1836 are reported for Taiwan. Specimens of A. opacipennis Chûjô, 1962 collected from Southeast Asia were misidentified by Kimoto (1989) and should be identified as A. apicipes Jacoby, 1896. Color photos of habitus and drawings of male and female genitalia from eleven species (including A. apicipes) are presented. The following synonymies are proposed: Aulacophora analis (Weber, 1801) = Galeruca quadraria Olivier, 1808 (syn nov.); A. indica (Gmelin, 1790) = Rhaphidopalpa pubescens Allard, 1888 (syn. nov.); A. apicipes Jacoby, 1896 = A. nigripalpis Chen and Kung, 1959 (syn nov.). Lectotypes are designated for Crioceris abdominalis Fabricius, 1781, C. testacea Fabricius, 1787, Galleruca bicolor Weber, 1801, Galeruca quadraria Olivier, 1808, Aulacophora semiopaca Jacoby, 1886, A. frontalis Baly, 1888, A. lewisii Baly, 1886, A. intermedia Jacoby, 1892, A. semifusca Jacoby, 1892, A. dohrni Jacoby, 1899, A. almora Maulik, 1936, A. apicipes Jacoby, 1896, A. tenuicincta Jacoby, 1897, Rhaphidopalpa pubescens Allard, 1888, R. bengalensis Weise, 1892, R. ceramensis Weise, 1892, R. chinensis Weise, 1892, and Orthaulaca (Ceratia) cattigarensis Weise, 1892. A key to the Taiwanese species is provided.

Fauna Europaea: Coleoptera 2 (excl. series Elateriformia, Scarabaeiformia, Staphyliniformia and superfamily Curculionoidea).

Fauna Europaea provides a public web-service with an index of scientific names (including synonyms) of all living European land and freshwater animals, their geographical distribution at country level (up to the Urals, excluding the Caucasus region), and some additional information. The Fauna Europaea project covers about 230,000 taxonomic names, including 130,000 accepted species and 14,000 accepted subspecies, which is much more than the originally projected number of 100,000 species. This represents a huge effort by more than 400 contributing specialists throughout Europe and is a unique (standard) reference suitable for many users in science, government, industry, nature conservation and education. Coleoptera represent a huge assemblage of holometabolous insects, including as a whole more than 200 recognized families and some 400,000 described species worldwide. Basic information is summarized on their biology, ecology, economic relevance, and estimated number of undescribed species worldwide. Little less than 30,000 species are listed from Europe. The Coleoptera 2 section of the Fauna Europaea database (Archostemata, Myxophaga, Adephaga and Polyphaga excl. the series Elateriformia, Scarabaeiformia, Staphyliniformia and the superfamily Curculionoidea) encompasses 80 families (according to the previously accepted family-level systematic framework) and approximately 13,000 species. Tabulations included a complete list of the families dealt with, the number of species in each, the names of all involved specialists, and, when possible, an estimate of the gaps in terms of total number of species at an European level. A list of some recent useful references is appended. Most families included in the Coleoptera 2 Section have been updated in the most recent release of the Fauna Europaea index, or are ready to be updated as soon as the FaEu data management environment completes its migration from Zoological Museum Amsterdam to Berlin Museum für Naturkunde.