[Diagnostic advantages of the test system "DS-EIA-HBsAg-0.01" for detection of HBV surface antigen].

The new highly sensitive test system "DS-EIA-HBsAg-0.01" (Priority Certificate No. 2006129019 of August 10, 2006) in detecting hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was assessed. The sensitivity of the test was estimated using the federal standards sample HBsAg 42-28-311-06, panels' samples Boston Biomedica Inc. (West Bridgewater, Mass, USA) and ZeptoMetrix Corp. (Buffalo, NY, USA). The findings have indicated that "DS-EIA-HBsAg-0.01" is equally effective in detecting different subtypes of HBsAg during a seroconversion period earlier than alternative assays. Along with its high analytical and diagnostic sensitivity, the system shows a high diagnostic specificity.

[Adaptation of different modifications of enzyme immunoassay and immune blot assay to assess the candidate vaccine HIVREPOL against HIV/AIDS].

A preclinical trial of the vaccine HIVREPOL provided a complex of methods for assessing the identity and specific activity of vaccines against HIVIAIDS. The identity of "HIVREPOL" has been assessed by indirect enzyme immunoassay (EIA): the vaccine specifically binds the antibodies of the sera from HIV-infected individuals. Immune blot assay was the most informative method for assessing the identity of the candidate vaccine. The sera from HIVREPOL-vaccinated mice recognized the proteins gp41, p24, p55 of cultured HIV1 on "New-Lay-Blot1" strips. The bands corresponding to p24 were revealed in the line blots "Blot-HIV-1/2+O" and "INNO-LIA-HIV-Confirmation". The specific activity of the HIVREPOL vaccine was confirmed from the reactivity of sera of the mice vaccinated with recombinant proteins of the immunosorbents available in EIA test systems for the detection of HIV antibodies. Competitive EIA established the antigen-binding activity of sera from HIVREPOL-vaccinated mice against the native reference HIV-1 antigen.

[Use of DEAE-Sephadex A-50 microcarriers for reproduction of the mumps virus]. / Ispol'zovanie mikronositelee DEAE-Sefadeks A-50 dlia reproduktsii virusa parotita.

Reproduction of the vaccine L-3 strains of mumps virus was studied in cultures of continuous Vero cells and in primary cultures of Japanese quail embryos (JQE) growing on DEAE-Sephadex A-50 microcarriers. The Vero cell culture multiplies actively on the microcarrier surface giving more than a 20-fold increase in 8 days. Mumps virus showed a high reproductive capacity in Vero cell culture and in primary JQE cells. Mumps virus-infected Vero cells produce 5-6 pools of virus-containing material with a mean infectious titre 8.2-8.3 lg HAE50/ml. The primary JQE culture infected with mumps virus can yield 2-3 pools of virus-containing material. The intensity of mumps virus replication in the latter directly depends on the multiplicity of infection. Hemadsorption test could be performed in mumps virus-infected cell cultures on microcarriers.

[Comparative study of the sensitivity of Mycoplasma detection methods in cell cultures]. / Sravnitel'noe izuchenie chuvstvitel'nosti metodov indikatsii mikoplazm v kletochnykh kul'turakh.

The results of a comparative study of the sensitivity of several methods for mycoplasma detection in cell cultures are presented. The most sensitive method was found to be that of electron microscopy detecting mycoplasmal contamination in 100% preparations. Seeding of the material on mycoplasma-elective nutrient medium (0.3% PPLO agar) and the method of autoradiography detect the culture contamination in 90% of the test materials. Staining of cell cultures with orsein and Schiff reagent are less sensitive methods revealing mycoplasmal contamination in 69% and 77.7% of the cultures, respectively.

Antiviral activity of substituted 6-methylmercaptopyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidines and their ribosides.

The antiviral activities of pyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidines and their nucleosides, divided into 7 groups based on the substituent in position 4 (mercapto-, methylmercapto-, amino-, hydrazine-, dialkyl amino-, oxy-, and methoxyderivatives), were studied against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV 1) and vaccinia virus. Numerous compounds inhibited the virus yields by 1-4 log CPD50. Most antiviral compounds inhibited HSV 1 more than vaccinia virus. Only methylmercapto- derivatives inhibited both viruses approximately to the same degree.

[Interferon production by various means of administering modified poly I-C]. / Produktsiia interferona pri razlichnykh sposobakh vvedeniia modifitsirovannogo polii-polits.

Modified poly(I) . poly(C) induces appreciable amounts of interferon in Macaca rhesus monkeys not only after intravenous but also after intramuscular, endolumbar, and subconjunctival inoculations. The time course and intensity of interferon production after various routes of the induced inoculation were similar. Maximum interferon production was found at the inoculation site, upon topical application the resistance to reinoculation developed after primary inoculation and persisted for 72 hours, After intravenous inoculation of the doses of the inducer tested the resistance to reinoculation of the modified polyribonucleotide developed after two inoculations made at an interval of 24 hours. A minimal interferon-inducing dose of the modified polyribonucleotide was 10 micrograms/kg for mice and 100 micrograms/kg for Macaca rhesus monkeys.

[Interferon as a protector in human cells treated with 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide]. / Izuchenie interferona kak protektora v kletkakh cheloveka, obrabotannykh 4-nitrokinolin-1-oksidom.

Interferon having the activity 25-37 and 375 IU/ml decreases the frequency of chromosome aberrations induced with the cancerogen 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide in diploid human cells. The protective effect of interferon is not connected with stimulation or inhibition of cell division. It has been revealed that interferon with the activity 25-37 IU/ml has a stimulating effect on mitotic activity of cells, while interferon with the activity 375 IU/ml inhibits cell division.

[Cultivation of herpesvirus in suspension culture on a microcarrier]. / Kul'tivirovanie virusa gerpesa v suspenzionnoí kul'ture na mikronositele.

The time course of RK-13 cell growth on a microcarrier DEAE-sephadex A-50 treated by different methods was studied. Treatment of the microcarrier according to the modified method was shown to provide the best conditions for cell attachment and growth. Herpes virus type I in monolayer cultures reached maximum titers at 2--3 days depending on the multiplicity of infection (6.5--7.83 lg CPD50). In cell cultures on the microcarrier at a high multiplicity of infection the virus titer reached maximum values (9.5 lg CPD50) as early as 24 hours postinfection.

[Reproduction of fixed rabies virus in a quail fibroblast culture growing in suspension]. / Reproduktsiia fiksirovannogo virusa beshenstva v kul'ture perepelinykh fibroblastov, rastushchikh v suspenzii.

Reproduction of culture variant of fixed rabies virus was studied in cultures of quail fibroblasts growing in roller suspension cultures, as well as in monolayer cultures of Japanese quail embryos fixed on DEAE-Sephadex A-50 particles. Titers of the virus in cultures on the microcarrier were found to be similar with those in roller monolayer cultures, namely 5.75--6.5 lg LD50/ml. In shaker and roller suspension cultures the virus titers were lower: 4.5--5.25 lg LD50/ml.

[Smallpox vaccination with protection by interferon and an interferon inducer]. / Protivoospennaia vaktsinatsiia pod zashchitoi interferona i ego induktora.

The vaccinal process was studied in monkeys vaccinated with smallpox vaccine under the protection of fibroblastic or leukocytic interferons and modified poly(I) . poly(C). Simultaneous vaccination and administration of one of the studied preparations induced intense immunity and at the same time prevented viremia and alleviated local inflammatory reactions caused by the vaccination. The protective effect of the fibroblastic interferon was more marked than that of the leukocytic one in the vaccinal process. When the monkeys received the preparations intramuscularly the leukocytic but not the fibroblastic interferon was detected in the blood.

[Antiviral activity of anomeric 5-substituted 2'-deoxyuridines]. / Izuchenie protivovirusnoi aktivnosti anomernykh 5-zameshchennykh 2'-dezoksiuridinov.

The inhibiting effect for herpes and vaccinia viruses of 2'-deoxyuridine derivatives containing the substitute in the position of 5-pyrimidine ring was studied. Anomeric 5-isopropyl-2'-deoxyuridines were shown to produce a marked inhibiting effect in chick embryo fibroblasts infected with herpes virus and to have no effect on vaccinia virus replication, that is, to be specific antiherpetic agents. The alpha-anomer of 5-isopropyl-2'-deoxyuridine showed antiherpetic activity in vitro comparable with that of beta-anomer. Fifty per cent toxic doses and chemotherapeutic indices of the drugs under study were determined in comparison with those of 5-iod-2'-deoxyuridine.