[Hyponatremia associated with SSRI/NRSI: Descriptive and comparative epidemiological study of the incidence rates of the notified cases from the data of the French National Pharmacovigilance Database and the French National Health Insurance]. / Les hyponatrémies sous ISRS/IRSNA : étude épidémiologique descriptive et comparative des taux d'incidence de cas notifiés à partir des données de la Banque nationale de pharmacovigilance et de l'Assurance maladie.

INTRODUCTION: Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) and Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs) are frequently prescribed. These antidepressants can potentially induce serious hyponatremia through the SIADH syndrome. That seems to concern all molecules of these classes but the individual risk of each molecule is not well known. The aims of the study were to compare the incidence rate of each molecule in order to identify the existence of molecules more at risk of inducing hyponatremia and to characterize a profile of patients at risk for hyponatremia during a treatment with a SSRI or a SNRI. METHOD: The cases of hyponatremia under SSRI/SNRI were extracted from the French pharmacovigilance database (BPNV). The exposition to the different SSRIs/SNRIs in the French population was estimated from the French National Health Insurance database (SNIIRAM) using a sampled database (Echantillon Généralistes des Bénéficiaires). The study ran from 01/01/2011 to 31/12/2013. The primary study endpoint was the incidence rate of notifications of the hyponatremia cases in patients treated by SSRI/SNRI and recorded into the BNPV database, related to the average annual number of corresponding treatments initiated during the same period. RESULTS: The number of cases of hyponatremia included in the study was 169 for 3 749 800 adult patients initiating treatment. The incidence rate of cases was 1.64 for 100 000 persons per year (PY). The standardized incidence rates between the different molecules showed no difference except for duloxetine (2.79/100 000 PY p > 0.03). Identified risk factors were age, with a large increase of incidence rate from 75 years old (incidence 12.5 higher) and female gender. CONCLUSIONS: Comparison of the incidence rates from spontaneous reports indicates a greater risk of hyponatremia for duloxetine for 2011-2013. This result needs to be confirmed by other studies. The advanced age and female sex are risk factors, irrespective of the molecule.

[Drug-induced pancreatitis. A review of French spontaneous reports]. / Pancréatites d'origine médicamenteuse. Revue des notifications spontanées en France.

PURPOSE: Identify the main pharmacological classes inducing pancreatitis using spontaneous reports recorded in the French pharmacovigilance database (FPVD). METHODS: Cases of pancreatitis recorded in FPVD between January 1st 1985 and December 31st 2013 were selected using the 2001 consensus conference criteria of the French High Health Authority. RESULTS: During this period, 2975 observations were selected with 1151 fulfilling criteria of drug-induced pancreatitis (i.e. 0.22% of total notifications in the FPVD). According to ATC classification, the pharmacological classes most frequently found were antiretroviral, analgesic, lipid-lowering, immunosuppressive and insulin secreting drugs. For some drugs (metformin, omeprazole, etc.) pancreatitis was "unlabelled" in the summary of product characteristics. CONCLUSION: This review allows to identify the main drug classes currently involved in spontaneous reporting of pancreatitis in France.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) simulation on EGEE grid architecture: a web portal design.

In this paper, we present a web portal that enables simulation of MRI images on the grid. Such simulations are done using the SIMRI MRI simulator that is implemented on the grid using MPI and the LCG2 middleware. MRI simulations are mainly used to study MRI sequence, and to validate image processing algorithms. As MRI simulation is computationally very expensive, grid technologies appear to be a real added value for the MRI simulation task. Nevertheless the grid access should be simplified to enable final user running MRI simulations. That is why we develop this specific web portal to propose a user friendly interface for MRI simulation on the grid. The web portal is designed using a three layers client/server architecture. Its main component is the process layer part that manages the simulation jobs. This part is mainly based on a java thread that screens a data base of simulation jobs. The thread submits the new jobs to the grid and updates the status of the running jobs. When a job is terminated, the thread sends the simulated image to the user. Through a client web interface, the user can submit new simulation jobs, get a detailed status of the running jobs, have the history of all the terminated jobs as well as their status and corresponding simulated image.