Chemical Characterization of Lavandula dentata Essential Oil Cultivated in Chile and Its Antibiofilm Effect against Candida albicans.

Candida albicans is the most common human fungal pathogen, and with the increase in resistance rates worldwide, it is necessary to search for new pharmacological alternatives. Lavandula dentata L. essential oil is recognized as having antimicrobial properties. However, its effect against fungal biofilms has been poorly described. C. albicans-related infections involve the development of biofilms, which are highly resistant to conventional antifungals. In this work, we evaluated the antibiofilm effect of L. dentata L. essential oil against C. albicans. First, we characterized the essential oil by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The antifungal effect on C. albicans reference strains was evaluated by a disk diffusion assay and the minimal inhibitory concentration was obtained through a microdilution assay. The effect of the essential oil on the adhesion ability of C. albicans was determined through a crystal violet assay, and morphogenesis inhibition was assessed by light microscopy. The effect of the essential oil on the microarchitecture of biofilms was evaluated through scanning electron microscopy. Finally, the antibiofilm effect was evaluated through an adapted biofilm scratch assay and XTT viability assay. The main constituent of the essential oil was the monoterpenoid eucalyptol (60%). The essential oil presented minimal inhibitory concentrations of 156 and 130 µg/mL against two strains assayed. This minimal inhibitory concentration inhibited adhesion, morphogenesis, biofilm formation, altered microarchitecture, and decreased the viability of established biofilms formed on abiotic surfaces for both strains assayed. This study demonstrates that the essential oil from L. dentata could be a promising treatment against C. albicans biofilms.

[Microsurgical resection of glioblastoma guided with intraoperative fluorescein: a Retrospective evaluation]. / Resección microquirúrgica de glioblastoma guiada con fluoresceína intraoperatoria: evaluación retrospectiva.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the influence of the use of sodium fluorescein (FLS-Na) in surgery of glioblastoma (GB) on the degree of tumor resection and survival in patients treated at the National Institute of Neoplastic Diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 238 cases of GB treated between 2008 and 2013 were reviewed and 150 cases of GB who underwent surgical resection with clinicopathological information and adequate follow-up were selected. RESULTS: The mean age was 51 years, 58.7% of the cases presented a Karnofsky score of at least 90. FLS-Na was administered in 80 cases (53.3%) and a subtotal and total resection was obtained in 69 (46%) and 81 (54%) cases, respectively. The group that received FLS-Na obtained higher rates of total resection than the group operated with white light alone (77.5 vs 27.1%, p<0.001). The median overall survival (OS) was higher in the group subject to total compared to subtotal resection (17 vs 7 months, p<0.001). The median OS in those who received FLS-Na was higher than in those who did not (15.0 vs 8 months, p=0.003). Other factors affecting OS were age (p=0.002), the Karnofsky score (p=0.052) and radiation therapy (p=0.016) and chemotherapy (p=0.011). CONCLUSIONS: The microsurgical technique with administration of FLS-Na was associated with an increase in the rate of total resection and survival.

Resección microquirúrgica de glioblastoma guiada con fluoresceína intraoperatoria: evaluación retrospectiva / Microsurgical resection of glioblastoma guided with intraoperative fluorescein: a retrospective evaluation

Evaluar la influencia del uso de fluoresceína sódica (FLS-Na) en la cirugía del glioblastoma (GB) sobre el grado de resección tumoral y la supervivencia en pacientes atendidos en el Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas. Materiales y métodos. Se revisó un total de 238 casos de GB atendidos entre los años 2008 y 2013 y se seleccionó 150 casos de GB sometidos a resección quirúrgica, con información clínico-patológica y seguimiento adecuado. Resultados. La media de edad fue 51 años, el 58,7% de casos presento Karnofsky de al menos 90. Se administró FLS-Na en 80 casos (53,3%) y se obtuvo una resección subtotal y total en 69 (46%) y 81 (54%) de los casos, respectivamente. El grupo que recibió FLS-Na obtuvo mayores tasas de resección total que el grupo operado solo con luz blanca (77,5 vs 27,1%, p<0,001). La mediana de sobrevida global (SG) fue mayor en el grupo sometido a resección total que a subtotal (17 vs 7 meses, p<0,001). La mediana de SG en los que recibieron FLS-Na fue mayor que en los que no la recibieron (15,0 vs 8 meses, p=0,003). Otros factores que afectaron la SG fueron la edad (p=0,002), el Karnofsky (p=0,052) y la administración de radioterapia (p=0,016) y quimioterapia (p=0,011). Conclusiones. La técnica microquirúrgica con administración de FLS-Na se asoció con un aumento en la tasa de resecciones totales y de supervivencia...

To evaluate the influence of the use of sodium fluorescein (FLS-Na) in surgery of glioblastoma (GB) on the degree of tumor resection and survival in patients treated at the National Institute of Neoplastic Diseases. Materials and methods. A total of 238 cases of GB treated between 2008 and 2013 were reviewed and 150 cases of GB who underwent surgical resection with clinicopathological information and adequate follow-up were selected. Results. The mean age was 51 years, 58.7% of the cases presented a Karnofsky score of at least 90. FLS-Na was administered in 80 cases (53.3%) and a subtotal and total resection was obtained in 69 (46%) and 81 (54%) cases, respectively. The group that received FLS-Na obtained higher rates of total resection than the group operated with white light alone (77.5 vs 27.1%, p<0.001). The median overall survival (OS) was higher in the group subject to total compared to subtotal resection (17 vs 7 months, p<0.001). The median OS in those who received FLS-Na was higher than in those who did not (15.0 vs 8 months, p=0.003). Other factors affecting OS were age (p=0.002), the Karnofsky score (p=0.052) and radiation therapy (p=0.016) and chemotherapy (p=0.011). Conclusions. The microsurgical technique with administration of FLS-Na was associated with an increase in the rate of total resection and survival...

Asociación entre nivel de control postural y grado de función visual en niños con parálisis cerebral: revisión de la evidencia / Association between postural control and visual impairment in children with cerebral palsy: a review of the evidence

El control postural es un problema predominante en niños con parálisis cerebral (PC), sin embargo, pese a varios estudios poco se sabe realmente de cuáles son los factores que intervienen en el mismo. La visión es uno de los órganos esenciales en proporcionar la capacidad de adoptar un control postural adecuado, y es este mismo sistema uno de los más afectados en niños con PC. A pesar de esta aseveración no existe evidencia sólida respecto a que la deficiencia visual afecta de forma directa el control postural de estos niños. El propósito de esta revisión es mostrar la evidencia existente y que ha surgido durante los últimos 10 años respecto a la asociación entre control postural y alteración visual.

The postural control is a predominant problem in children with cerebral palsy (CP), nevertheless, in spite of several studies, little is really known about which are the factors that take part in it. Vision is one of the essential organs in providing the capacity to adopt a suitable postural control, and is this same system one of the most affected in this population. In spite of this asseveration solid evidence does not exist supporting that the visual deficiency affects directly the postural control of these children. The purpose of this review is to show the existing evidence and that has arisen during last the 10 years with respect , to the association between postural control and visual impairment.