Prevention of radial artery occlusion after transradial access using nitroglycerin (Patens Trial)

BACKGROUND The use of transradial access (TRA) for coronary catheterization has increased over the years because of the reduced rates of vascular complications and easier postprocedural manage ment. Radial artery occlusion (RAO) remains the Achilles heel of TRA. Intra-arterial nitroglycerin could result in a significant reduction of RAO. The vasodilation may enhance antegrade flow in the artery that reduces stasis-induced thrombosis, but it could also minimize endo thelial trauma when used early in the procedure. The main objective of this study is to evaluate whether nitroglycerin at the beginning or end of TRA may preserve the patency of the artery. METHODS We conducted a prospective, multicenter, randomized, 2 2 factorial, placebo-controlled, 2-blinded study and enrolled patients submitted to catheterization by TRA. Patients received either 500 mg nitroglycerin or placebo given intra-arterially through the sheath at 2 moments: early, after sheath insertion, and late, at the end of the radial procedure. All patients received at least 5,000 UI heparin, sheaths were removed immediately after the catheterization, and a radial pneumatic wristband was applied intending patent or minimum pressure hemostasis. The primary outcome was the incidence of RAO, verified by Doppler evaluation within the first 24 hours, and every patient with confirmed RAO was further evaluated 30 days later. RESULTS A total of 1,894 patients were enrolled, with a mean age of 61.7 10.3 years. The majority (61.6%) were male, and 36.5% had diabetes. The clinical indication was ACS in 47.9%. RAO occurred in 49 patients (2.6%) by Doppler evaluation. Fifteen patients (30.6%) showed re-establishment of flow at 30-day Doppler assessment. Nitroglycerin, as compared with placebo, did not reduce the risk of RAO in either of the 2 moments used (early: 2.4% vs 2.8%, P » 0.65 or late: 2.8% vs 2.4%, P » 0.65, respectively). In the multivariate anal ysis, the size of the radial artery, obtaining access with a single puncture, operator inexperience, and the presence of spasm were associated with RAO. CONCLUSION In the present study, the use of nitroglycerin is not associated with a reduced incidence of RAO regardless of the admin istration time

Educational approaches focusing on the quality of life of people with chronic kidney disease receiving hemodialysis: an integrative review / Abordagens educativas focalizando a qualidade de vida da pessoa com doença renal crônica em hemodiálise: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract Introduction: The impact of chronic kidney disease (CKD) on the quality of life of patients receiving hemodialysis is widely studied. Despite the vast amount of literature on the topic, it is still important to investigate the educational approaches related to this population's quality of life, evolution, and treatment. Objective: To systematically review the literature on educational approaches focusing on people with CKD receiving hemodialysis. Methods: An integrative systematic review of studies published between 2010 and 2015 was conducted using the PubMed, LILACS, PROQUEST, SCIENCEDIRECT, and SciELO databases using the keywords "quality of life and hemodialysis and adults", with their translation equivalents in Portuguese and Spanish. Results: The studies included in this review investigated biological conditions, treatment adherence, psychosocial conditions, and even spiritual influence. These studies unanimously recognized the validity of educational approaches, be it for treatment adherence, actor´s empowerment, or self-knowledge, as well as the importance of addressing a wider patient view and participatory therapy planning. Conclusion: The quality of life of people with CKD is a widely and differently studied topic, but the number of educational approaches focusing on this group of patients is modest and poorly represented in the existing literature. The few studies that address this topic are in complete agreement about the importance and relevance of educational approaches for people with CKD. We conclude that patient adherence, participation, and empowerment should be considered and encouraged.

Resumo Introdução: Qualidade de vida é tema amplamente estudado, como forma de compreender as repercussões causadas na vida das pessoas com doença renal crônica - DRC em hemodiálise. Apesar da vasta literatura sobre o tema, ainda é útil interrogar sobre as abordagens que se ocupam de processos educativos relacionados à qualidade de vida, nessa população, sua evolução e tratamento. Objetivo: Revisar sistematicamente a literatura quanto a propostas de natureza educativa, na abordagem a pessoas com DRC em hemodiálise. Métodos: Revisão sistemática integrativa de estudos publicados entre 2010 a 2015, nas bases: PubMed, LILACS, PROQUEST, SCIENCE DIRECT e SciELO; termos de busca "qualidade de vida e hemodiálise e adultos", com seus equivalentes em inglês e espanhol. Resultados: As publicações incluídas na revisão perpassaram abordagens de condições biológicas, adesão ao tratamento, condição psicossocial e, inclusive, a influência espiritual. Os estudos foram unânimes em reconhecer a validade dos processos educativos, quer sejam de adesão ao tratamento; de empoderamento dos atores; da importância de autoconhecimento; da necessária visão ampla sobre o paciente e da importância do planejamento participativo na abordagem terapêutica. Conclusão: a exploração do tema qualidade de vida em pessoas com DRC é ampla e diversificada, sendo sua abordagem educativa discreta e pouco representativa quanto ao número de publicações disponíveis. Os poucos estudos que tratam do tema são unânimes em reconhecer a importância e relevância das abordagens educativas para pessoas com DRC. Conclui-se que a adesão, a participação e a emancipação dos pacientes devam ser consideradas e encorajadas.

Comparison of two incremental protocols for evaluation of hip extension / Comparação de dois protocolos progressivos na avaliação da extensão de quadril

Abstract Introduction: The hip muscles play an important role in controlling the transverse and frontal plane of the femur during displacement. The hip extension and abduction/adduction exercises are among the most widely evaluated protocols both clinically and in research. Objective: To compare which assessment protocol in an isokinetic strength regime (distal grip-ankle vs. proximal grip-knee) best represents the action of hip extension and to analyze the test-retest reliability in the variables peak force (PF) and work (W). Methods: A total of 20 subjects participated in this research. All participants were female. The mean and standard deviations of age, weight and height were 21 ± 3.9 years, 65 ± 11 kg, 166 ± 3.4 cm, respectively. Results: Significant differences were found in both variables (PF and W) between protocols 1 and 2 (p < 0.05) on assessment days 1 and 2. No differences between days 1 and day 2 in either protocol (p < 0.05) were found. Index values of interclass correlation (ICC) of protocol 1 ranged between 0.38 and 0.86. In protocol 2 the ICC range was between 0.33 and 0.87. Conclusions: In light of these results, the hip extension exercise with a proximal grip best represents the strength of the muscle groups involved in this action.

Resumo Introdução: Os músculos do quadril desempenham um papel importante no controle do plano transverso e frontal do fêmur durante o deslocamento. Os exercícios de extensão e abdução/adução do quadril estão entre os protocolos mais amplamente avaliados tanto na clínica como na pesquisa. Objetivo: Comparar qual protocolo de avaliação em um regime de força isocinética (aperto distal no tornozelo versus aperto proximal no joelho) melhor representa a ação de extensão de quadril e analisar a confiabilidade teste-reteste nas variáveis de força máxima de (FM) e trabalho (T). Métodos: Um total de 20 indivíduos participou desta pesquisa. Todos os participantes eram do sexo feminino. A média e desvios-padrão de idade, peso e altura foram 21 ± 3.9 anos, 65± 11 kg e 166 ± 3.4 cm, respectivamente. Resultados: Foram encontradas diferenças significativas em ambas as variáveis (FM e T) entre protocolos 1 e 2 (p < 0,05) nos dias 1 e 2 de avaliação. Não houve diferenças entre os dias 1 e dia 2 em qualquer protocolo (p < 0,05). O índice de valores de correlação interclasse (ICC) do protocolo 1 variou entre 0,38 e 0.86. No protocolo 2 a faixa do ICC foi entre 0,33 e 0,87. Conclusões: Tendo em conta estes resultados, o exercício de extensão de quadril com uma fixação proximal é quem melhor representa a força dos grupos musculares envolvidos nesta ação.

Physiotherapeutic intervention in peripheral arterial disease by functional hyperemia in diabetic patients / Intervenção fisioterapêutica por hiperemia funcional na insuficiência arterial periférica em sujeitos diabéticos

Abstract Introduction : Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is conceptualized as a public health problem with varying degrees of morbidity. The physical and functional alternatives for the treatment of circulatory complications of diabetes, such as intermittent claudication, are poorly explored. This indicates the need to search for ancillary techniques that can be used in the physical therapy treatment of diabetic patients. Objective : To investigate the effects of functional hyperemia on peripheral arterial disease in patients with diabetes. Materials and methods: This study was conducted with a group of five volunteers from the Diabetics Association of Parana (Associação Paranaense do Diabético , APAD ), who suffered from peripheral vascular disorders in the lower limbs. All subjects attended 10 sessions (twice weekly). Functional hyperemia was induced by programmed exercise therapy that consisted of walking on a treadmill. Results : There was a significant increase in mean activity time (F9,36 = 13.710; p < 0.001 ), mean walking distance (F9,36 = 27.689 ; p < 001), and mean speed (F9,36 = 15.638 ; p < .001). No statistically significant differences in the ankle-brachial index were noted. Conclusion : There was a significant increase in walking distance, time, and speed for diabetic subjects. Our findings indicate the importance of physical therapists in the supervised treatment of peripheral vascular disorders in diabetic patients.

Resumo Introdução : A Diabetes Mellitus (DM) caracteriza-se como um problema de saúde pública, sendo responsável, inclusive, por variados graus de morbidade ao organismo humano. Nas complicações circulatórias da patologia, como na claudicação intermitente, as alternativas físico-funcionais de tratamento são pouco exploradas, o que mostra a necessidade de buscar técnicas auxiliares para o tratamento fisioterapêutico em sujeitos diabéticos. Objetivo : Verificar os efeitos do procedimento de hiperemia funcional no tratamento da insuficiência arterial periférica em sujeitos portadores da Diabetes Mellitus. Materiais e Métodos : Estudo realizado com grupo de 5 voluntários diabéticos da Associação Paranaense do Diabético (APAD), com manifestação de distúrbios vasculares periféricos em membros inferiores. Foram realizados 10 atendimentos duas vezes na semana. O procedimento de hiperemia funcional foi aplicado através da terapia por exercício programado composto por caminhada sobre a esteira ergométrica. Resultados : Foi possível verificar que houve um acréscimo significativo das médias de tempo de atividade (F9,36 = 13,710; p = 0,000), distância do percurso (F9,36 = 27,689; p = 0,000) e velocidade (F9,36 = 15,638; p = 0,000). Na avaliação do índice tornozelo/braquial não foram observadas diferenças estatísticas significativas. Conclusão : Observou-se um aumento significativo na distância, tempo e velocidade de caminhada dos sujeitos diabéticos. O presente estudo evidenciou a importância do fisioterapeuta nos tratamentos supervisionados nas disfunções vasculares periféricas em diabéticos.

Estudo das variações de pressão inspiratória máxima em tetraplégicos, tratados por meio de incentivador respiratório, em regime ambulatorial / Study of maximal inspiratory pressure variations in tetraplegics, treated by means of incentive spirometry, in outpatients

Introdução: O crescente número de vitimas de lesão medular nos tempos atuais, suas incapacidades e consequências físico-funcionais motivaram-nos a abordar no presente estudo a intervenção fisioterapêutica respiratória ambulatorial nesta população. Objetivos: Escolhemos pesquisar sujeitos com lesão adquirida traumática oriundos de uma associação na cidade de Curitiba, PR. Considerando-seque o prognóstico relaciona-se ao nível sensitivo e motor, selecionamos sujeitos com lesões cervicais,por se tratarem de quadros que estão acompanhados de disfunções respiratórias, estas decorrentes do acometimento dos músculos acessórios da respiração. Portanto, essa população é merecedora de uma abordagem preventiva, uma vez que as referidas disfunções podem produzir complicações e piora de prognóstico geral. Tivemos a preocupação de demonstrar as possíveis alterações da capacidade de força respiratória, em função da intervenção fisioterapêutica. Metodologia: Utilizamos, para tanto, o instrumento de medida, comparação e controle da força muscular inspiratória denominado manovacuometria.No tratamento, utilizamos o Threshold IMT, que é um incentivador respiratório. Para os critérios metodológicos, optamos por amostra conveniente, de corte longitudinal, em que foi realizada uma avaliação de força inspiratória inicial, objetivando-se alcançar os valores de pressão inspiratória máxima (PImáx), para comparar com a posterior reavaliação, pós intervenção. Os sujeitos foram submetidos a 30 atendimentos de 15 minutos cada, três vezes por semana. Após este período foram reavaliados sob os mesmos critérios técnicos, para as devidas comparações. Resultados: Os resultados permitiram constatar significativa melhora no condicionamento muscular respiratório, o qual atingiu o nível relevante do desvio padrão (p < 0,05). Conclusão: Concluímos, portanto, que a proposta de tratamento é eficaz.

Introduction: The growing number of victims of spinal cord injury, in modern times, with their disabilities and physical-functional consequences, motivated us to discuss in this study the respiratory physiotherapeutic intervention in outpatients. Objective: We choose to search individuals with traumatic injury acquired, from an association in the city of Curitiba, Paraná State. Considering that the prognosis is linked to the motor and sensory level, we selected persons with cervical lesions, by targeting frames that are accompanied by respiratory dysfunctions, those resulting from the involvement of accessories muscles of respiration. Therefore, this population deserves a preventive approach, because these dysfunctions can produce complications and reduced overall prognosis. We demonstrate the possible changes in respiratory force capacity, depending on the physiotherapeutic intervention. Methodology: We use, for that, the instrument of measurement, comparison and control of inspiratory muscle strength named manovacuometry. In treatment, we use the Threshold IMT, which is a respiratory supporter. For methodological criteria, we chose convenience sample, slitting, with an assessment of initial inspiratory force, aiming to achieve the values of maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), to compare with subsequent reassessment after intervention. The subjects underwent 30 calls of 15 minutes each, three times a week. After this, they were re-evaluated under the same technical criteria for the appropriate comparisons. Results: Results show significant improvement in respiratory muscle conditioning, which reached the level of the relevant standard deviation (p < 0.05). Conclusion: We conclude, therefore, that the proposed treatment is effective.

Correlation between quantitative angiographic and intravascular ultrasound parameters in patients treated with sirolimus analogous-eluting stents.

Despite the undeniable contribution of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) to assess drug-eluting stent (DES) effectiveness, the way these image modalities correlate to each other and to target-lesion revascularization (TLR) after PCI, is yet to be established. Thus we sought to evaluate whether there is an acceptable correlation between QCA and IVUS after DES implantation. We analyzed 204 pts treated with DES: Zotarolimus- (126), Sirolimus- (57), and Biolimus (31) with baseline and follow-up QCA and IVUS. The correlation between QCA lumen loss (LL) and intimal hyperplasia (IH) volume obstruction by IVUS was assessed by multiple regression analysis. Two QCA parameters (in-segment diameter stenosis and in-segment LL) and one IVUS variable (in-stent volume of IH) were evaluated as quantitative surrogates of 6 month TLR. The receiver operating characteristic method with c-statistics was used to assess the ability of each surrogate endpoint to predict TLR. QCA LL correlated positively with IVUS IH volume of obstruction (r = 0.69; CI95% 0.61-0.75: P < 0.0001), independent of DES type. The 2 QCA parameters were superior to the IVUS parameter as surrogates for TLR. Of note, QCA LL (c = 0.99) correlated best with TLR, even better than percent DS. In the DES era there is a good correlation between QCA measured LL and IVUS IH volume and therefore can be used as a surrogate of DES efficacy.

Correlation between quantitative angiographic and intravascular ultrasound parameters in patients treated with sirolimus analogous-eluting stents / Correlation between quantitative angiographic and intravascular ultrasound parameters in patients treated with sirolimus analogous-eluting stents

Abstract Despite the undeniable contribution of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and quantitative coronary

angiography (QCA) to assess drug-eluting stent (DES) effectiveness, the way these image modalities correlate to each other and to target-lesion revascularization

(TLR) after PCI, is yet to be established. Thus we sought to evaluate whether there is an acceptable correlation between QCA and IVUS after DES implantation. We analyzed 204 pts treated with

DES: Zotarolimus- (126), Sirolimus- (57), and Biolimus (31) with baseline and follow-upQCA and IVUS. The correlation between QCA lumen loss (LL) and intimal hyperplasia (IH) volume obstruction by IVUS

was assessed by multiple regression analysis. Two QCA parameters (in-segment diameter stenosis and insegment

LL) and one IVUS variable (in-stent volume of IH) were evaluated as quantitative surrogates of 6 month TLR. The receiver operating characteristic method with c-statistics was used to assess the

ability of each surrogate endpoint to predict TLR. QCA LL correlated positively with IVUS IH volume of obstruction (r = 0.69; CI95% 0.61–0.75: P/0.0001), independent of DES type. The 2 QCA

parameters were superior to the IVUS parameter as surrogates for TLR. Of note, QCA LL (c = 0.99) correlated best with TLR, even better than percent DS. In the DES era there is a good correlation between

QCA measured LL and IVUS IH volume and therefore can be used as a surrogate of DES efficacy.

Análise volumétrica tardia após implante de stents eluidores de sirolimus versus biolimus A9 / Late volumetric analysis after implantation of sirolimus versus biolimus A9-eluting stents

Os stents eluidores de sirolimus (SES) reduaem significativamente a incidência de reestenose e de eventos cardíacos maiores em comparação a stents convencionais. O sirolimus A9 (BA9), um análogo do sirolimus, demosntrou eficácia e segurança simulares no estudo randomizado e controlado STEALTH I. O objetivo deste estudo é comparar a eficácia do stent eluidor de BA9 com os SES, assim como seu desempenho em relação ao respectivos grupos controle, utilizando a análise volumétrica pelo ultra-som intracoronário (3D-USIC). Método: No total, 45 pacientes foram randomizados 2:1 para o grupo submetido a implante de stents eluidores de BA9(n igual 30) ou para o grupo conrole (n igual 15). Os resultados de angiografia coronária quantitativa e 3D-USIC foram comparados a uma série histórica de pacientes submetidos a implante de SES (n igual 30) ou controle (n igual 15). As características clínicas e angiográficas foram semelhantes entre os grupos , exceto pela maior quantidade de lesões tipo C e mulheres no grupo dos stents eluidores de BA9. Resultados: Aos seis meses de seguimento, a perda tardia intra-stent foi significativamente inferior...

Introduction: Sirolimus-eluting stents (SES) significantly reduce restenosis and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) compared to bare metal stents (BMS). The novel sirolimus analog, Biolimus A9T (BA9), presented similar safety and efficacy in the randomized, controlled STEALTH I trial. This study compared the efficacy of a BA9-eluting stent versus sirolimus-eluting and bare metal control stents. Methods: Forty-five patients with de novo coronary lesions were randomly assigned in a 2:1 basis to receive either BA9-eluting (n = 30) or bare metal (n=15) S-stents. Quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), at 6 months, were then compared to a matched series of patients who received either sirolimus-eluting (n = 30) or bare metal (n = 15) Bx Velocity stents. Baseline clinical and angiographic characteristics were similar among all groups, except for a significantly higher percentage of females and Class C lesions in the BA9-eluting stent group. Results: At 6 month follow-up, there was no significant difference in clinical outcomes between any of the groups. QCA revealed significantly lower late loss in both drug-eluting stents (DES) groups compared to bare metal controls, but no significant difference between BA9 and SES groups was observed (0.24 ± 0.39mm vs. 0.15 ± 0.38mm, p = NS). Obstruction volume measured by 3D IVUS was significantly reduced in both DES groups compared to bare metal controls, but did not differ between the BA9 and SES groups (2.23% vs. 3.30%, BA9 vs. SES, p=NS). Conclusions: BA9-eluting stents reduce neointimal hyperplasia, safely and effectively, compared to BMS, and the magnitude of this inhibition is similar to that of SES.

A three-dimensional intravascular ultrasound comparison between the new zotarolimus-eluting stent (ZoMaxx) and the non-drug-eluting TriMaxx stent.

BACKGROUND: Despite the effectiveness of sirolimus- and paclitaxel-eluting stents in reducing intimal hyperplasia (IH) and the need for repeat revascularization, concerns about their long-term safety have motivated the search for new drug-eluting stents (DES). Recently developed, the ZoMaxx stent combines a sirolimus-analogous agent (zotarolimus), featuring a phosphorycoline polymer and stainless steel and tantalum platform. We sought to assess the efficacy of this new DES in reducing IH. METHODS: A total of 40 patients were treated with the ZoMaxx stent and compared to 50 patients treated with its non-drug-eluting equivalent, the TriMaxx stent. Only single de novo lesions in native coronary vessels greater than or equal to 3.0 mm were enrolled. Serial quantitative coronary angiography and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) images were obtained at baseline and 6- month follow up. All patients were clinically followed for 1 year. This analysis aimed to compare the percent of IH between the 2 stents. Secondarily, we assessed in-segment late loss, binary restenosis and major adverse cardiac events. RESULTS: Baseline patient and lesion characteristics were comparable between the 2 groups. At follow up, zotarolimus efficiently suppressed neointimal hyperplasia formation with a marked reduction in the percentage of stent obstruction by IVUS (4.6 +/- 3.6% vs. 31.2 +/- 16%; p < 0.0001). Almost 90% of the segments stented with ZoMaxx did not exhibit more than 10% of obstruction. After 1 year, 12 patients treated with the TriMaxx and 2 patients treated with the ZoMaxx presented in-segment binary restenosis (p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: In this initial experience, ZoMaxx proved to be clinically safe and superior to its non-drug-coated equivalent in reducing in-stent IH formation and restenosis.

Inibição da proliferação neointimal após o implante de stents eluidores de biolimus A9: Análise volumétrica tardia com ultra-som intracoronário / Supressiion of intimal proliferation after implantation of biolimus A9-eluting stents: 6-month single-center intravascular ultrasound follow-up

Introdução: O estudo STEALTH I demonstrou a eficácia e segurança dos stents eluidores de Biolimus A (BA9) em reduzir a perda-tardia angiográfica e apresentar uma baixa incidência de eventos cardíacos maiores, entretanto os achados de ultra-som intracoronário (USIC) ainda não foram descritos. O objetivo deste estudo é descrever os achados de análise volumétrica por USIC nos pacientes recrutados em nossa instituição. Métodos e Resultados: Quarenta e cinco pacientes apresentando lesão coronária de novo, única, foram randomizados 2:1 para receber stents eluidores de BA9 (n igual 30) ou stents controle (n igual 15). A média de idade foi de 58 anos, com 16 por cento diabéticos e 62 por cento do sexo masculino. As características clínicas e angiográficas foram similares entre os grupos. Aos 6 meses de seguimento não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos quanto a desfechos clínicos. O índice de hiperplasia intimal intra-stent foi inferior no grupo dos stents eluidores de BA9 em comparação ao grupo controle 0,19 mais/menos 0,08 vs. 2.71 mais/menos 0.50, ) menor 0.0001), assim como o percentual de obstrução...

Background: Biolimus A9 (BA9) is a novel sirolimus analog with similar antiproliferative properties. BA9-eluting stents reduce angiographic late-loss compared to bare metal stents (BMS), with a low incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE), as reported in the randomized, controlled STEALTH I trial. We describe the intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) volumetric findings of patients enrolled at our institution. Methods and Results: Forty-five patients presenting a single, de novo coronary lesion (2.5-4.0 mm vessels; lesion length <24 mm) were randomly assigned in a 2:1 basis to receive either BA9-eluting (n=30) or bare metal stents (n=15). Mean age was 58 years, with 16% diabetics and 62% men. Baseline clinical and angiographic characteristics were similar between groups. At 6 month follow-up, there was no statistical difference in clinical outcomes between groups. In-stent intimal hyperplasia index measured by IVUS was 0.19+/-0.08 mm3/ mm3 for the BA9 group vs. 2.71+/-0.50 mm3/mm3 for BMS controls. The percentage of stent obstruction was also significantly lower for the BA9 group when compared to BMS (2.2+/-0.80% vs. 19.9+/-4.67%, P<0.0001). No stent thrombosis, aneurysm formation or incomplete stent apposition was observed in any group. Conclusions: Using IVUS volumetric analysis, we showed that BA9-eluting stents have a potent inhibitory effect on neointimal proliferation when compared to BMS at 6-month follow-up.

Análise ultra-sonográfica da resposta vascular tardia das bordas de stents liberadores de drogas análogas ao sirolimus: comparação entre diabéticos e não-diabéticos / IVUS analysis of the late vascular response at the edges of sirolimus analogue-eluting stents: comparison among diabetic and non-diabetic patients

Introdução: A resposta vascular dos segmentos adjacentes aos stents liberadores de medicamentos continua sendo objeto de estudo, principalmente nos pacientes diabéticos (DM), nos quais a progressão da aterosclerose é mais freqüentemente observada. Recentemente, os fármacos Biolimus e Zotarolimus demonstraram eficácia semelhante ao Sirolimus na redução da hiperplasia intimal intra-stent. Objetivo: Comparar a resposta vascular tardia nas bordas proximais (BP) e distais (BD), entre DM e não-diabéticos (NDM) tratados com stents liberadores de sirolimus ou fármacos análogos (Biolimus e Zotarolimus), avaliada pelo ultra-som intracoronário (USIC). Método: Foram incluídos 153 pacientes (306 bordas) tratados com stents (53% Sirolimus, 26% Zotarolimus e 21% Biolimus) e divididos em dois grupos em relação à presença de diabetes: DM, 122 bordas e NDM, 166 bordas; 18 bordas foram excluídas. As análises pelo USIC foram realizadas nos 5 mm proximal e distal aos stents após o implante (basal) e no seguimento tardio (± 6 meses). Os volumes do vaso (VV), do lúmen (VL) e da placa (VP) foram calculados pela regra de Simpson. A porcentagem de obstrução (% Obs) e a variação dos volumes (Delta - Δ) entre seguimento e basal foram também calculados. Reestenose das bordas foi definida como uma obstrução >50% no seguimento. Resultados: A media para idade foi 58±9 anos, sendo 59% do sexo masculino. Não houve diferença nas características basais dos grupos...

Introduction: Late vascular response of the segments adjacent to proximal and distal edges of the drug-eluting stents is still not well established, particularly in diabetic patients who are prone to atherosclerosis plaque progression. Recently, new sirolimus-analogue eluting stents (Biolimus and Zotarolimus) have demonstrated potent antiproliferative effects. Objective: To compare the late vascular responses at proximal (PE) and distal (DE) edges of sirolimus analogue-eluting stents in patients with and without diabetes (DM or NDM) using intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). Method: 306 IVUS edge analyses were performed in 153 patients treated with drug-eluting stents(53% Sirolimus, 26% Zotarolimus, 21% Biolimus). Patients were divided in two groups: DM, 122 edges and NDM, 166 edges; 18 edges were excluded. IVUS analyses were performed post-intervention (PI) and after 6-month follow-up (FU) and included 5 mm distal and proximal to the stented segment. Vessel, lumen and plaque volumes were calculated by Simpon’s rule. Percentage of obstruction and volumes changes (FUminus PI values) were also calculated. Edge restenosis was defined as obstruction >50% at FU. Results: The mean age was 58±9 y, and 59% were male. The baseline characteristics were similar between groups. In both groups, the entire lesion length was totally covered (stent length / lesion length was 1.51 and 1.52). There were no significant differences in edge volumes between the two groups...

Atuaçäo da fisioterapia por meio da atividade física regular, no controle da hipertensäo arterial em mulheres idosas / Physical therapy throug regular physical activity in the control of high blood pressure in older adults

O número de idosos está em ascensäo em nosso país, e a hipertensäo arterial atinge uma grande parte deles. É considerada uma doença multifatorial e um grande fator de risco cardiovascular, aparecendo muitas vezes de forma silenciosa. A atividade física regular torna-se essencial, principalmente nesta época da vida, associada a mudanças nos hábitos de vida e uso de medicamentos, dependendo do caso e do grau desta hipertensäo. A fisioterapia tem, entäo um importante papel na prescriçäo e orientaçäo desta atividade física. Foram observados e constatados dados das pacientes idosas hipertensas de grau leve, em uma clínica de reabilitaçäo em Curitiba, dados estes comparados de um período de aproximadamente um ano através de claros os mecanismos responsáveis pela diminuiçäo da pressäo arterial com o exercício, concluiu-se que este reduz certamente a press

Cardiopatia na ataxia de Friedriech / Cardiopathy in the Friedriech's ataxis

O envolvimento cardíaco foi, há muito, conhecido como parte da patologia e está sempre presente como forma de doença do miocárdio, angina pectoris, estenose subaórtica hipertrófica, oclusäo da artéria do nódulo sinusal e arritmias. A cardiopatia foi atribuida à escoliose ou a deformidades torácicas produzindo cor pulmonale, estreitamento ou oclusäo das artérias coronárias; causas neurogênicas ou tóxicas; fatores reumáticos ou congênitos. Boyer acredita que seja um distúrbio genético da via metabólica, apresentando efeitos sob diversos órgäos. O metabolismo de diferentes substratos é regulado por enzimas, que influenciam direta ou indiretamente na produçäo de acetilcoenzima A; se esta produçäo está suprimida näo haverá ATP suficiente para o músculo cardíaco, resultando em aporte energético defeituoso, ocorrendo hiperplasia disfuncional e cardiomegalia

Fisioterapia preventiva em complicaçöes de úlceras de membros inferiores / Preventive physiotherapy in the legs ulcers complications

O presente trabalho revela uma nova abordagem da fisioterapia no tratamento de úlceras de membros inferiores. A análise e acompanhamento de 41 pacientes, contando com o apoio e respaldo clínico, garantiu o sucesso da pesquisa e abre uma nova perspectiva de trabalho fisioterápico na área de circulaçäo vascular periférica

Barreiras arquitetônicas / Architectonical barrier

Este artigo refere-se à implantaçao do Sistema Integrado de Transporte Escolar do Ensino Especial e o Sistema de Transporte Integrado para Deficientes, no município de Curitiba, PR