Consistency of inconsistency in long-COVID-19 pain symptoms persistency: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

INTRODUCTION: Individuals recovering from acute COVID-19 episodes may continue to suffer from various ongoing symptoms, collectively referred to as Long-COVID. Long-term pain symptoms are amongst the most common and clinically significant symptoms to be reported for this post-COVID-19 syndrome. OBJECTIVES: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the proportions of persisting pain symptoms experienced by individuals past the acute phase of COVID-19 and to identify their associated functional consequences and inflammatory correlates. METHODS: Two online databases were systematically searched from their inception until 31 March 2022. We searched primary research articles in English, which evaluated individuals after laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 acute phase resolution and specifically reported on pain symptoms and their inflammatory and/or functional outcomes. RESULTS: Of the 611 identified articles, 26 were included, used for data extraction, and assessed for their methodological quality and risk of bias by two independent reviewers. Pain symptoms were grouped under one of six major pain domains, serving as our primary co-outcomes. Proportional meta-analyses of pooled logit-transformed values of single proportions were performed using the random-effects-restricted maximum-likelihood model. An estimated 8%, 6%, 18%, 18%, 17%, and 12% of individuals continued to report the persistence of chest, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal joint, musculoskeletal muscle, general body, and nervous system-related pain symptoms, respectively, for up to one year after acute phase resolution of COVID-19. Considerable levels of heterogeneity were demonstrated across all results. Functional and quality-of-life impairments and some inflammatory biomarker elevations were associated with the persistence of long-COVID pain symptoms. CONCLUSION: This study's findings suggest that although not well characterized, long-COVID pain symptoms are being experienced by non-negligible proportions of those recovering from acute COVID-19 episodes, thus highlighting the importance of future research efforts to focus on this aspect.

Acute Presentation and Long-Term Rehabilitation Follow-Up of Ischemic Myelopathy Due to Clinically Suspected Fibrocartilaginous Embolism in an Adolescent Male: A Case Report and Review.

Ischemic myelopathy is uncommon in the pediatric population, with fibrocartilaginous embolism (FCE) being one of its rarest causes. We present the case of an otherwise healthy 17-year-old student who experienced sudden onset of severe low-back pain amidst intensive physical training, which rapidly deteriorated to complete sensory-motor paralysis of his lower limbs. He was treated with IV Methylprednisolone and anticoagulation after the initial work-up suggested spinal cord infarction. After eight days, sufficient clinical-radiological correlation was achieved to support FCE diagnosis as the most likely cause of infarction. He subsequently received inpatient rehabilitation treatment for four months, after which he was followed as an outpatient for a total period of 16 months. While significant neurological and functional gains were achieved during this period, he also experienced some worsening. This case highlights the importance both of performing a thorough assessment and being familiar with FCE as a possible differential diagnosis of spinal cord infarction in children, to facilitate its timely identification and proper acute and long-term management. This case report was prepared following CARE guidelines after obtaining the patient's written informed consent.