Utilidad de un programa de calidad asistencial para la gestión clínica de las enfermedades nefrológicas en Aragón / The use of a quality care program for the management of renal disease in the Aragon region

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Trece tratamientos de la insuficiencia renal aguda secundaria a mieloma múltiple con filtros de high cut off / Thirteen treated of acute renal failure secondary to multiple myeloma with high cut off filters

Introducción: El mieloma múltiple (MM) es una tumoración hematológica que se caracteriza por la proliferación incontrolada de células plasmáticas y la existencia de una importante cantidad de cadenas libres en sangre (CLLs) que puede ocasionar un fallo renal agudo por la precipitación intratubular de ellas, causando nefropatía por cilindros. La insuficiencia renal aguda es una complicación que puede presentarse en más de un 20% de los pacientes con MM, y la mitad de estos precisarán diálisis. Métodos: Presentamos nuestra experiencia de 13 pacientes tratados con diálisis mediante filtros de high cut off(HCO), durante el período comprendido entre julio de 2011 y febrero de 2015. Se realizan 6 sesiones consecutivas de 6 h de duración, utilizando un filtro de HCO (Theralite® de Gambro®) de 2,1 m2 de superficie. Posteriormente se continúa con sesiones a días alternos de igual duración. Resultados: Se realizaron un total de 151 sesiones; una media de 11,6 sesiones/paciente (rango 6-27). El tratamiento se mostró efectivo para eliminar tanto CLLs kappa como lambda. El porcentaje de disminución de CLLs desde el inicio hasta el final del tratamiento fue del 93,7%. La reducción media por sesión de diálisis fue del 57,7%. En 10 de los 13 casos se recuperó la función renal y los pacientes pudieron permanecer sin diálisis. No hubo grandes cambios en los niveles de albúmina utilizando un protocolo de infusión de 2 viales de 50mL de albúmina al 20% al final de la sesión de diálisis. Conclusiones: El tratamiento combinado con quimioterapia más diálisis largas con filtros de HCO resultó eficaz para reducir el nivel de CLLs y recuperar un nivel de función renal suficiente en el 77% de los casos. Con filtros de HCO se consigue un ahorro significativo, en contraposición a lo descrito previamente en la literatura (AU)

Introduction: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a haematological tumour that is characterised by uncontrolled proliferation of plasma cells and a significant volume of serum free light chains (sFLCs), which can cause acute renal failure due to intratubular precipitation, resulting in cast nephropathy. Acute renal failure is a complication that can arise in more than 20% of patients with multiple myeloma, half of which will require dialysis. Methods: We report our experience with 13 patients who were treated with dialysis using high cut off filters (HCO) between July 2011 and February 2015. A total of 6 consecutive 6-hour sessions were performed using a 2.1 m2 HCO filter (Theralite® by Gambro®). Afterwards, further 6-hour sessions were continued on alternate days. Results: A total of 151 sessions were conducted, with an average of 11.6 sessions per patient (range 6-27). The treatment proved to be effective in removing both kappa and lambda sFLCs, resulting in a 93.7% fall in sFLCs by the end of treatment. The average reduction was 57.7% per dialysis session. 10 out of the 13 cases recovered sufficient renal function to become independent of dialysis. There were no major changes in albumin levels using an infusion protocol of 2 50-mL vials of 20% albumin at the end of the dialysis session. Conclusions: Combination treatment with chemotherapy and long dialysis with HCO filters was effective in reducing the sFLC levels and recovering sufficient renal function in 77% of cases. With HCO filters, significant cost savings are achieved, contrary to what was previously believed (AU)

Thirteen treated of acute renal failure secondary to multiple myeloma with high cut off filters. / Trece tratamientos de la insuficiencia renal aguda secundaria a mieloma múltiple con filtros de high cut off.

INTRODUCTION: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a haematological tumour that is characterised by uncontrolled proliferation of plasma cells and a significant volume of serum free light chains (sFLCs), which can cause acute renal failure due to intratubular precipitation, resulting in cast nephropathy. Acute renal failure is a complication that can arise in more than 20% of patients with multiple myeloma, half of which will require dialysis. METHODS: We report our experience with 13 patients who were treated with dialysis using high cut off filters (HCO) between July 2011 and February 2015. A total of 6 consecutive 6-hour sessions were performed using a 2.1 m(2) HCO filter (Theralite® by Gambro®). Afterwards, further 6-hour sessions were continued on alternate days. RESULTS: A total of 151 sessions were conducted, with an average of 11.6 sessions per patient (range 6-27). The treatment proved to be effective in removing both kappa and lambda sFLCs, resulting in a 93.7% fall in sFLCs by the end of treatment. The average reduction was 57.7% per dialysis session. 10 out of the 13 cases recovered sufficient renal function to become independent of dialysis. There were no major changes in albumin levels using an infusion protocol of 2 50-mL vials of 20% albumin at the end of the dialysis session. CONCLUSIONS: Combination treatment with chemotherapy and long dialysis with HCO filters was effective in reducing the sFLC levels and recovering sufficient renal function in 77% of cases. With HCO filters, significant cost savings are achieved, contrary to what was previously believed.