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Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the bacterial and fungal profiles in Otitis Media (OM), Acute Otitis Media (AOM), and Chronic Otitis Media (COM) and the sensitivity patterns to antibiotics available in our hospital settings. Materials and Methods: A total of 150 clinically diagnosed cases of OM (AOM or COM) with ear discharge were enrolled. Swabs were cultured for microbial flora. Drug susceptibility testing was conducted using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Results: The most common bacteria isolated in AOM was Streptococcus spp., and in COM it was Staphylococcus aureus. Among fungal isolates, Candida albicans dominate. The antimicrobial profile of the organisms revealed maximum sensitivity to Fluoroquinolones. Conclusions: Correct diagnosis and precise antibiotic prescription reduce the load of antibiotic resistance.
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PURPOSE: In this study, we are trying to find out viral aetiology in paediatric age group patients from 1 month to 15 years of age in Western Rajasthan region. METHODS: A total of 105 patients from 1 month to 15 years were recruited into this study. CSF samples were collected and were processed by multiplex real-time PCR for detection of various predefined panels of viral agents. ELISA was also done for all samples for detection of dengue, JE, measles and mumps. RESULTS: A total of 32 samples out of 105 were tested positive for viral agents. Viral aetiology detected in this study were Adenovirus (n â= â2), EBV (n â= â1), HHV-1 (n â= â10), HHV-6 (N â= â5), Parechovirus (n â= â1), Parvovirus B19 (n â= â7), Dengue (n â= â2) and Measles (n â= â1). Mixed infections were also detected, HHV-1 and HHV-6 (n â= â2), HHV-1 and Parvovirus B19 (n â= â1). In 73 patients no viral aetiology could be detected. CONCLUSIONS: Parvovirus B19 is sporadically prevalent in this geographical region. In this study, HHV-6 was also found which has not been reported earlier from India.
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Encefalopatía Aguda Febril , Dengue , Sarampión , Parvovirus B19 Humano , Niño , ADN Viral , Dengue/epidemiología , Humanos , India/epidemiología , Parvovirus B19 Humano/genéticaRESUMEN
Purpose Cutibacterium acnes ( C. acnes ) is an emerging pathogen that is highly resistant to antibiotics and is capable of causing persistent infections that are difficult to treat. Methods & Materials Acne vulgaris patients visiting dermatology OPD of our tertiary care hospital during the study period of 2 months were recruited. Skin swabs were collected, and the sample was processed on 5% sheep-blood agar for anaerobic culture by the GasPak method. Isolates were identified by the standard biochemical test. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed for clinically relevant antibiotics by the E-strip method. The clinical response was evaluated after 1-month follow-up to the prescribed antibiotics. Results Minocycline, doxycycline, ceftriaxone, and tetracycline were the most effective antibiotics. Nonsusceptibility to clindamycin and erythromycin were observed in 11.9% and 31% isolates, respectively, with 9.5% isolates being nonsusceptible to both. For none of the antibiotics we found significant difference in the proportion of susceptible and nonsusceptible isolates between mild, moderate, and severe grades of acne vulgaris. For none of the antibiotic regimens, significant difference was observed between nonresponders and responders. Twenty-seven patients received clindamycin and among them 16 of 19 responders and 6 of 8 nonresponders yielded growth of clindamycin-susceptible isolates ( p = 0.57). Conclusion We observed significant prevalence of resistant strains of C. acnes among patients with acne vulgaris. No association was observed between in vitro susceptibility results and treatment outcome.
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The first infections of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in humans were recorded in 2006, and is now becoming a concern because of its close similarities to human pathogens in the Staphylococcus intermedius group (SIG). These bacteria have all the properties which a multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus possesses. The literature was searched using the term "Staphylococcus pseudintermedius" in PubMed and other reference databases. The virulence factor and the pathogenicity are under investigation, but reports have suggested that this commensal of animals is transmitted easily via close contact to animals by owners, veterinarians and staff. Resistance to beta-lactams (including methicillin) is a primary concern. Drug resistance to methicillin is a considerable problem in developing countries, as antibiotic use is not regulated. Studies from Europe have reported multidrug resistant isolates from clinical specimens. Although data on drug resistance and pathogenesis of S. pseudintermedius are not sufficient, it is extremely important to identify the pathogen correctly. Only then can its pathogenesis be studied during the course of disease and appropriate measures developed to prevent it becoming a global problem.
