Pneumatosis Intestinalis Due to COVID-19 Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipient: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND: Pneumatosis intestinalis (PI) is a rare condition usually occurring among adults who have undergone solid organ transplant and are taking steroid therapy. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) virus uses angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in gastrointestinal epithelium as a receptor for entry process. Due to the steroid intake, the COVID-19 virus is present in the patient's gastrointestinal tract for extended period of time. It may therefore increase the possibility of PI in such patients. It is usually asymptomatic, with a clinical spectrum ranging from indolent to life-threatening. Unfortunately, there are no algorithms concerning diagnosis and treatment of PI. AIM OF STUDY: The aim of this study is to highlight the problem of PI induced by COVID-19, especially in high-risk groups such as solid organs recipients. CONCLUSION: On the basis of the presented case of a severe course of COVID-19-induced PI, we conclude that laparotomy with bowel resection can be a feasible and a safe option for treatment.

Fundamentals of education: "Edu-Mentals".

As new accreditation standards for health professions education increasingly require end-of-life (EOL) curriculum and performance-based assessment, health professions educators struggle to shift through the educational literature to find core principles, practical strategies, emerging trends, and on-line resources to advance as educators. A new kind of resource is needed for educators in today's health care environment. Emerging literature in the field of faculty development and continuing education in health professions highlight key features of resources for health professionals. To be effective, this faculty development resource must be: timely, problem focused, practical, and easily accessible. Based on these principles, the Medical College of Wisconsin initiated a series of short, focused fact sheets for educators. Dubbed, "Edu-Mentals" to represent the fundamentals of education, the series was launched in late spring 2001 and consists of short, focused fact sheets for health care professionals based on the parts of a systematic instructional design process.

Geometric scaling for the total gamma(*)p cross section in the low x region.

We observe that the saturation model of deep inelastic scattering predicts a geometric scaling of the total gamma(*)p cross section in the region of small Bjorken variable x. The geometric scaling in this case means that the cross section is a function of only one dimensionless variable tau = Q(2)R(2)(0)(x), where the function R(0)(x) decreases with decreasing x. We show that the experimental data from HERA in the region x<0.01 confirm the expectations of this scaling over a very broad region of Q(2). We suggest that the geometric scaling is more general than the saturation model.

A pleasure to work with--an analysis of written comments on student evaluations.

OBJECTIVE: Studies assessing rating scales on student evaluations are available. However, there are no data related to the written comments on these evaluations. This study was designed to evaluate these comments. METHODS: A content analysis was performed on the narrative section of pediatric clerks' evaluations. Final evaluations were obtained from 10 outpatient clinical sites staffed by full-time faculty over 14 months. A coding dictionary containing 12 categories (7 linked to clinical skills) was used. RESULTS: One thousand seventeen comments on 227 evaluations were coded. The mean number of comments per evaluation was 4. Learner and personal characteristics were the largest categories. Normative comments, such as "good physical exam," as opposed to more specific comments, such as "complete presentation," predominated in all categories. CONCLUSIONS: Evaluation comments were infrequently related to basic clinical skills and were not often specific enough to lead to effective change in a student's performance. Faculty development is needed to make final evaluation comments more useful for students.