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To explore the feasibility and safety of biomaterials for posterior scleral reinforcement (PSR) in rabbits. Decellularization and genipin crosslink were applied to the fresh bovine pericardium and porcine endocranium, and then mechanical properties, suture retention strength, and stability were tested. PSR operation was performed on 24 rabbit eyes using treated biological materials. Ophthalmic examination was performed regularly before and after PSR operation (1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months). To evaluate the effectiveness, A ultrasound, diopter, and optical coherence tomography were conducted. General condition, fundus photograph, and pathological examination were recorded to evaluate the safety. Compared with genipin crosslinked bovine pericardium (Gen-BP) (21.29 ± 13.29 Mpa), genipin crosslinked porcine endocranium (Gen-PE) (34.85 ± 3.67 Mpa,P< 0.01) showed a closer elastic modulus to that of genipin crosslinked human sclera. There were no complications or toxic reactions directly related to the materials. Capillary hyperplasia, inflammatory cell infiltration, and collagen fiber deposition were observed, and the content of type I collagen fibers increased after PSR. Overall, the choroidal thickness of treated eyes was significantly thickened at different time points after PSR, which were 96.84 ± 21.08 µm, 96.72 ± 22.00 µm, 90.90 ± 16.57 µm, 97.28 ± 14.74 µm, respectively. The Gen-PE group showed changes that were almost consistent with the overall data. Gen-BP and Gen-PE are safe biological materials for PSR. The Gen-PE group demonstrated more significant advantages over the Gen-BP group in terms of material properties.
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Materiales Biocompatibles , Estudios de Factibilidad , Iridoides , Ensayo de Materiales , Esclerótica , Animales , Conejos , Materiales Biocompatibles/química , Bovinos , Porcinos , Iridoides/química , Suturas , Pericardio , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica , Humanos , Reactivos de Enlaces Cruzados/química , Módulo de ElasticidadRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn) has been a leading cause of bacterial meningitis in children. The most recent estimation of the global burden of Spn meningitis indicates a positive trajectory in eliminating Spn through the implementation of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines. However, continuous monitoring and assessment of the disease burden are necessary due to the evidence of serotype replacement, antibiotic resistance, and the impact of the recent COVID-19 pandemic. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this systematic review is to provide an updated and focused assessment of the global and regional burden of Spn meningitis in children, which can guide policies and strategies to reduce the disease burden. METHODS: Population-based studies published from January 1, 2000, to January 1, 2022, were preliminarily searched from the electronic databases PubMed, Embase, Global Health (CABI), and CINAHL Plus without any language restrictions. Studies were included if they reported the incidence, prevalence, mortality, or case-fatality ratio (CFR) for Spn meningitis in children aged 0-4 years; meningitis was confirmed by cerebrospinal fluid culture; the study period was a minimum of 1 year; the number of reported cases was at least 10; and the study had no methodological ambiguities. The article screening process follows the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Characteristics including study period, setting, World Health Organization region, income level, vaccination information, and participant data (age, number of cases, deaths, sequelae, and risk factors) will be extracted from the included studies. Search results will be updated and incorporated into our review prior to finalizing the extraction of data. Generalized linear mixed models meta-analysis will be performed to estimate the pooled incidence and CFR. We will further assess the risk of bias and heterogeneity, and will perform subgroup and sensitivity analyses to provide a meaningful interpretation of the current burden and literature for pneumococcal meningitis. RESULTS: Our preliminary search in December 2021 yielded 9295 articles. Out of 275 studies that were assessed with our eligibility criteria, 117 articles were included. Data extraction and analysis are expected to be complete by January 2025. We plan to publish the results from the full study, including an updated search in 2024, by March 2025. CONCLUSIONS: Given that the major burden of Spn meningitis affects children under the age of 5 years, this systematic review will provide a thorough understanding of the global burden of Spn meningitis in this vulnerable population over a span of 2 decades. Insights into incidence trends, geospatial distribution, risk factors, and sequelae will be valuable for stakeholders, policy makers, and the academic community. This information will aid in the ongoing monitoring of the disease and in enhancing targeted vaccine programs to further mitigate the impact of the disease on children worldwide. TRIAL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42021293110; https://tinyurl.com/kc3j5k4m. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/50678.
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Meningitis Neumocócica , Metaanálisis como Asunto , Revisiones Sistemáticas como Asunto , Preescolar , Humanos , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Costo de Enfermedad , Salud Global , Incidencia , Meningitis Neumocócica/epidemiología , Meningitis Neumocócica/prevención & control , Meningitis Neumocócica/mortalidad , Meningitis Neumocócica/líquido cefalorraquídeo , Vacunas Neumococicas/administración & dosificación , Streptococcus pneumoniaeRESUMEN
【Objective】 To conduct serological identification and molecular study of two patients with ABO ambiguous blood group. 【Methods】 The serological tests were conducted by the tube method. DNA direct sequencing was performed to analyze the exons and transcriptional regulatory regions of the ABO gene. TA clone sequencing was performed to confirm the mutation sites of the haploid. DeepTMHMM was used for transmembrane region prediction and analysis. 【Results】 Both samples showed weak agglutination with anti-A in forward typing and the presence of anti-A antibodies in reverse typing. ABO gene analysis confirmed 1A>G and 467C>T mutations of A101 gene, indicating the Aw43 allele.DeepTMHMM analysis showed that 1A>G mutation shift back the translation start site, which would affect the transmembrane structure seriously. 【Conclusion】 The two cases of ABO ambiguous blood group were with Aw43 alleles. The 1A>G mutation affected the transmembrane region and subsequently altered the glycoprotein structure, resulting in impaired enzyme function.
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BACKGROUND: Patients with severe aplastic anemia (SAA) frequently present with inflammatory episodes, and during flared inflammatory episodes, hematopoietic function is further exacerbated. The gastrointestinal tract is the most common site for infectious and inflammatory diseases, and its structural and functional features confer on it the most potent capacity to affect hematopoietic and immune functions. Computed tomography (CT) is a readily accessible approach to provide highly useful information in detecting morphological changes and guiding further work-ups. AIM: To explore CT imaging presentations of gut inflammatory damage in adult SAA patients during inflammatory episodes. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated the abdominal CT imaging presentations of 17 hospitalized adult patients with SAA in search of the inflammatory niche when they presented with systemic inflammatory stress and exacerbated hematopoietic function. In this descriptive manuscript, the characteristic images that suggested the presence of gastrointestinal inflammatory damage and related imaging presentations of individual patients were enumerated, analyzed and described. RESULTS: All eligible patients with SAA had CT imaging abnormalities that suggested the presence of an impaired intestinal barrier and increased epithelial permeability. The inflammatory damages were concurrently present in the small intestine, the ileocecal region and the large intestines. Some readily identified imaging signs, such as bowel wall thickening with mural stratification ("water holo sign", "fat holo sign", intramural gas and subserosal pneumatosis) and mesenteric fat proliferation (fat stranding and "creeping fat sign"), fibrotic bowel wall thickening, "balloon sign", rugged colonic configuration, heterogeneity in the bowel wall texture, and adhered and clustered small bowel loop (including various patterns of "abdominal cocoon"), occurred at a high incidence, which suggested that the damaged gastrointestinal tract is a common inflammatory niche responsible for the systemic inflammatory stresses and the exacerbated hematopoietic failure in patients with SAA. Particularly, the "fat holo sign" was present in 7 patients, a rugged colonic configuration was present in 10 patients, the adhesive bowel loop was present in 15 patients, and extraintestinal manifestations suggestive of tuberculosis infections were present in 5 patients. According to the imaging features, a suggestive diagnosis of Crohn's disease was made in 5 patients, ulcerative colitis in 1 patient, chronic periappendiceal abscess in 1 patient, and tuberculosis infection in 5 patients. Other patients were diagnosed with chronic enteroclolitis with acutely aggravated inflammatory damage. CONCLUSION: Patients with SAA had CT imaging patterns that suggested the presence of active chronic inflammatory conditions and aggravated inflammatory damage during flared inflammatory episodes.
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Translation is a crucial process during plant growth and morphogenesis. In grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), many transcripts can be detected by RNA sequencing; however, their translational regulation is still largely unknown, and a great number of translation products have not yet been identified. Here, ribosome footprint sequencing was carried out to reveal the translational profile of RNAs in grapevine. A total of 8291 detected transcripts were divided into four parts, including the coding, untranslated regions (UTR), intron, and intergenic regions, and the 26 nt ribosome-protected fragments (RPFs) showed a 3 nt periodic distribution. Furthermore, the predicted proteins were identified and classified by GO analysis. More importantly, 7 heat shock-binding proteins were found to be involved in molecular chaperone DNA J families participating in abiotic stress responses. These 7 proteins have different expression patterns in grape tissues; one of them was significantly upregulated by heat stress according to bioinformatics research and was identified as DNA JA6. The subcellular localization results showed that VvDNA JA6 and VvHSP70 were both localized on the cell membrane. Therefore, we speculate that DNA JA6 may interact with HSP70. In addition, overexpression of VvDNA JA6 and VvHSP70, reduced the malondialdehyde (MDA) content, improved the antioxidant enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD), increased the content of proline, an osmolyte substance, and affected the expression of the high-temperature marker genes VvHsfB1, VvHsfB2A, VvHsfC and VvHSP100. In summary, our study proved that VvDNA JA6 and the heat shock protein VvHSP70 play a positive role in the response to heat stress. This study lays a foundation for further exploring the balance between gene expression and protein translation in grapevine under heat stress.
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Objective:To explore the factors influencing the clinical outcome of complex high-risk indicated patients percutaneous coronary intervention (CHIP-PCI) assisted by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).Methods:The clinical data of patients with CHIP-PCI assisted by ECMO in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from April 2018 to April 2022 were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Patients were divided into the survival and death groups according to the in-hospital survival status. The baseline characteristic, the results of coronary angiography, and the use of ECMO, blood products and drug were compared between the two groups. The 24-h rate of change of biochemical test indicators after the use of ECMO were calculated and the univariate analysis was analyzed using rank sum test. According to the univariate analysis, the variables ( P<0.05) were included in multivariate logistic regression to analyze the factors affecting the clinical outcomes of patients. Results:A total of 67 CHIP patients who completed PCI with ECMO were included. In the survival group ( n=36), the duration of ECMO treatment was 59 (41, 87) h, 9 cases received continuous renal replacement therapy, and 11 cases received IABP. In the death group ( n=31), the duration of ECMO treatment was 31 (19, 80) h, 12 cases received continuous renal replacement therapy and10 cases received IABP. The proportion of patients with chronic total occlusion lesions (CTOs) in the survival group was lower than that in the death group, the duration of ECMO of the survival group was longer than that of the death group ( P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that 24-h lactate change rate ( OR=2.864, 95% CI: 1.185-6.918, P=0.019), 24-h eGFR change rate ( OR=0.050, 95% CI: 0.003-0.871, P=0.040), 24-h D-dimer change rate ( OR=1.497, 95% CI: 1.044-2.146, P=0.028) and 24-h direct bilirubin change rate ( OR=2.617, 95% CI: 1.121-6.111, P=0.026) were associated with in-hospital mortality. Conclusions:Within 24 h after CHIP-PCI assisted by ECMO, the rapid decline in lactic acid, D-dimer and direct bilirubin, and the rapid recovery of eGFR, are associated with the decreased risk of hospital mortality from CHIP.
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Aim To investigate the role and specific mechanisms of muscle factor Irisin in regulating the intracellular protective protein Sirtl and mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) during myocardial hypoxia. Methods H9c2 cells were treated with CoC12 for 24 hours to construct an in vitro hypoxia model of myocardial cells. Six groups were divided in this experiment; control group (control), Irisin group (10 nmol • L
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Extracellular deposition of β-amyloid (Aβ) and intracellular hyperphosphorylated tau are the predominant pathological changes in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Increasing evidence demonstrates a critical role of a variety of small GTPases, namely Ras-related proteins (Rabs), in the pathogenesis of AD. As crucial regulators of intracellular membrane trafficking, alteration in Rab protein expression and function represents one of the primary factors contributing to the abnormal membrane trafficking in AD. Additionally, the Rab GTPases are also involved in the development of Aβ, tau and other pathological changes associated with AD. In this article, we conduct a comprehensive review on the primary functions of multiple Rab proteins and their involvement in the pathogenesis of AD.
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Humanos , Enfermedad de Alzheimer , Proteínas de Unión al GTP rab/metabolismo , Péptidos beta-Amiloides/metabolismo , Proteínas tau/metabolismoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanism of Taohong siwu decoction (THD) improving peripheral nerve injury induced by paclitaxel (PTX) in rats. METHODS The effects of THD (1 g/mL drug-containing serum) and PTX (0.1 μmol/L) alone or in combination on the proliferation rate of Schwann cells line RSC96 as well as the expressions of lysosomal-associated membrane protein-2 (LAMP2), autophagy marker protein yeast Atg 6 homolog (Beclin1), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (Akt), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) were investigated, and then compared with autophagy promoter rapamycin and autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA). The effects of high-dose and low-dose THD on the expressions of myelin basic protein (MBP) and myelin protein zero (MPZ), S100 calcium-binding protein (S100), LAMP2, Beclin1, PI3K, Akt and mTOR were tested at the end of the experiment. RESULTS After treatment of THD+PTX, the proliferation rate of RSC96 cells was significantly higher than those treated with PTX alone. After treatment of THD+PTX or THD+ 3-MA, the protein expressions of LAMP2 and Beclin1 in RSC96 cells were significantly higher than those treated with PTX or 3- MA alone, while the protein expressions of PI3K, Akt and mTOR were significantly lower than those treated with PTX or 3-MA alone (P<0.05). Compared with model group, the protein expressions of MBP, MPZ, S100, LAMP2 and Beclin1 in sciatic nerve of rats were increased significantly in THD high-dose and low-dose groups, while the protein expressions of PI3K, Akt and mTOR were significantly decreased (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS THD may activate Schwann cell autophagy by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/ mTOR signaling pathway, thereby improving peripheral nerve injury caused by PTX.
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Objective:To study the safety, validity and practicability of the modified trans-cricothyroid needle electrode method for neurmonitoring during thyroidectomy.Methods:115 patients from the Department of Thyroid Surgery in Peking University Shenzhen Hospital scheduled for thyroid surgery were recruited into the group. Two paired needle electrodes were obliquely inserted into the cricothyroid membrane from the angle between the rectus cricothyroid muscle and the inferior margin of thyroid cartilage. The function of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) was localized, exposed and evaluated by standard four-step method (V1-R1-R2-V2) . The vocal cord movement was evaluated by electronic laryngoscope before and after operation, and t-test was used to compare the difference of EMG signal amplitude before and after operation.Results:A total of 130 RLN from 115 patients were recorded effective electromyographic (EMG) signals, including 12 cases of giant goiter with tracheal compression stenosis; 13 cases had repeated adjustments of the position of tracheal intubation electrode during operation, but EMG signals were not satisfactory; 15 cases were with of accidental findings during operation and requiring neurmonitoring, but tracheal intubation electrodes were not used in advance. 75 cases were volunteers. The signals of 3 RLN were lost during operation. On the second day after operation, electronic laryngoscope showed that 2 cases had normal vocal cord movement and 1 case had vocal cord paralysis and no recovery for 6 months follow-up. The EMG signals of other 127 nerves were V1/R1=1857±1718μV/2347±2323μV, V2/R2=1924±1705μV/2450±2345μV. There was no significant difference in EMG signals between pre-operation and post-operation ( t=0.31/0.35, P=0.755/0.725) . The electronic laryngoscope showed normal vocal cord movement before and after operation. During the operation, 2 patients had a little bleeding at the needle electrode insertion point, which stopped after 5 minutes of compression. No electro-acupuncture breakage, infection or local hematoma occurred. Conclusions:The modified trans-cricothyroid needle electrode method had been proved to be safe and feasible for evaluating the function of recurrent laryngeal nerve in thyroid surgery. Besides of unaffected by tracheal conditions, it has good stability, simple implantation and low cost. In thyroid surgery, it can be used as a useful supplement to endotracheal intubation electrode.
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Objective:To explore the difference in the complexity of different treatment planning systems, multi-leaf collimator (MLC) types and treatment sites of volume-modulated arc therapy (VMAT), and propose a complexity score for plan quality control.Methods:Statistical analysis of 12 complexity metrics including Monaco and Eclipse, Agility, Millennium and High-definition MLC, nasopharyngeal, lung and cervical cancer was performed. Spearman correlation coefficient between complexity metrics was calculated. Principal component analysis was conducted to reduce the dimensionality of the original data set to the first two principal components and explain its physical meaning. Complexity score based on the principal components was calculated to establish warning and action thresholds for plan quality control. The correlation between complexity metrics and γ pass rate was analyzed.Results:Except cervical cancer aperture sub-regions metric, other metrics had significant differences between Monaco and Eclipse. Monaco MLC had a more regular field but higher MU, smaller leaf gap, and longer leaf travel distance. High-definition MLC with smaller leaf width significantly added MLC aperture-related metrics. The first two principal components explained over 80% of the total variance of the original dataset, complexity score was weighted average of first two principal components. The distribution of complexity score for different equipment and sites was different. The warning threshold was expressed as the average plus standard deviation, and the action threshold was expressed as the average plus 2 standard deviations. Complexity metrics and complexity scores had small correlation with γ pass rate, showing weak or irrelevant but statistically significant. Conclusions:Different planning systems, MLC types, and treatment site complexity metrics are significantly different. The complexity score is a useful tool for plan quality control.
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Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas are a relatively rare group of mature T-cell lymphomas mainly manifesting in the skin, and its common subtype is mycosis fungoides. Total skin electron irradiation is one of the important conventional treatment methods, but there are many disadvantages, such as uneven dose distribution, poor position repetition, and long treatment time, which affect the clinical efficacy and patient prognosis. With the emergence and gradual popularization of helical tomotherapy in recent years, more and more medical institutions are gradually expanding their applications in total skin irradiation due to their ability to treat ultra-long targets and achieve dose-sculpted distribution, aiming to further explore its good or bad, and confirm whether it can replace the traditional total skin electron irradiation. In this article, research progress on total skin irradiation using helical tomotherapy was reviewed, the development of treatment technology, clinical efficacy and current concerns and controversies were illustrated.
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Objective:To evaluate the value of circ_0000253 as a biomarker for (osteosarcoma, OS) diagnosis and prognosis.Methods:GEO database was used to screen the differentially expressed circRNAs in OS, microRNAs (miRNAs) with binding sites of circRNA were predicted to further construct the ceRNA network, and GO and KEGG analysis were used to screen the target genes. qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of circ_0000253, miR-578 and TGF β2 in cancer and paracancerous tissue in OS patients, as well as OS cells and normal osteoblasts. The diagnostic value of circ_0000253 for OS and its impact on prognosis were analyzed, and the relationship between circ_0000253 expression level and clinicopathological parameters of patients was discussed. Further the expression of circ_0000253 and miR-578 in cells was intervened, apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry and cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay. Results:The expression of circ_0000253 in OS tissue was higher than that in paracancerous tissue ( t=11.17, P<0.001) . The expression of circ_0000253 was significantly correlated with Enneking stage, histopathology grade and distant metastasis (all P<0.05) . Circ_0000253 can be used as an effective diagnostic index of OS (AUC=0.84, P<0.001) and the prognosis of patients with high expression of circ_0000253 is poor. Circ_0000253 may regulate OS through miR-578/TGF β2 network. Knockdown of circ_0000253 reduced cell proliferation and induced apoptosis, which could be partially saved by miR-578 inhibitor (all P<0 05) . Conclusion:circ_0000253 may serve as a new biomarker for OS diagnosis and prognosis, which has a positive meaning for targeted therapy of OS.
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OBJECTIVE To establish an evaluation syste m of clinical effec tiveness of Drug Selection Guideline for Medical Institutions,and to provide reference for drug selection in medical institution. METHODS Retrieved from relevant Chinese government websites ,PubMed,Embase,CBM and CNKI ,etc.,from the inception to Sept. 14th 2021,related contents of clinical effectiveness related to three secondary indicators ,such as “recommended level and strength of guideline ”“clinical pathway ”and “evidence and level of efficacy ”were extracted respectively ;evaluation system was construction for the clinical effectiveness. RESULTS A total of 5,4 and 17 policy documents or literatures were included according to “recommended level and strength of guideline”“clinical pathway ”and“evidence and level of efficacy ”,respectively.“The recommended level and strength of drug guideline”could reflect the clinical effectiveness of drugs ,and the evaluation content referred to the recommended level and strength of the selected drugs in the guidelines for corresponding indications. “Clinical pathway ”was the embodiment of drug effectiveness, and the evaluation content referred to the clinical path of whether the selected drugs were included in the corresponding indications. The evaluation contents of “evidence and level of efficacy ”were different between chemical medicine/ biological agent and Chinese patent medicine ;evidence and quality level of efficacy research for chemical medicine/biological agent referred to GRADE system ,while those for Chinese patent medicine referred to classic works or clinical experience inheritance. Therefore,the evaluation contents of this index system were the evidence and quality level of the efficacy research related to selected drugs. CONCLUSIONS The evaluation system of clinical effectiveness of drugs constructed from the perspective of drug selection in medical institutions can lay the foundation of evaluation system for the construction of Drug Selection Guideline for Medical Institutions ,and also provide reference for drug selection in medical institutions.
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Objective: To investigate the effects of primary preventive treatment under endoscope for esophageal and gastric varices on bleeding rate and its relevant factors. Methods: 127 cases with liver cirrhosis accompanied with esophageal and gastric varices without bleeding history were included in the endoscopic and non-endoscopic treatment group, respectively. Informed consent was obtained from both groups. Gastric varices (Lgf) and esophageal varices (Leg) were diagnosed according to LDRf classification criteria, and the corresponding treatment scheme was selected according to the recommended principle of this method.The incidence rate of bleeding from ruptured esophageal varices were observed at 3, 6 months, and 1, and 2 years in the treated and the untreated group, and the patients with different Child-Pugh scores were followed-up for 2 years. Gender, age, etiology, varicose degree, Child-Pugh grade, platelet count, prothrombin activity, portal vein thrombosis, collateral circulation, portal vein width and other factors affecting the bleeding rate were assessed. Measurement data were described as mean ± standard deviation (x¯±s), and qualitative data of categorical variables were expressed as percentage (%), and χ2 test was used. Results: 127 cases were followed up for 2 years. There were 55 cases in the endoscopic treatment group (18 cases underwent band ligation, 2 cases underwent band ligation combined with tissue adhesive embolization, 28 cases underwent sclerotherapy, and 7 cases underwent sclerotherapy combined with tissue adhesive embolization). Recurrent bleeding and hemorrhage was occurred in 5 (9.1%) and 28 cases (38.9%), respectively (P<0.05). In addition, there were 72 cases in the untreated group (P<0.05). Severe varicose veins proportions in treated and untreated group were 91.1% and 85.1%, respectively (P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in liver cirrhosis-related medication and β-blocker therapy between the treated and untreated group (P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the bleeding rate between the different treated groups (P>0.05). The bleeding rates at 3, 6 months, 1, and 2 years in endoscopic treated and untreated group were 2.00% vs. 2.59% (P>0.05), 2.30% vs. 5.88% (P>0.05), 3.10% vs. 7.55% (P>0.05) and 4.00% vs. 21.62% (P<0.05), respectively. All patients with Child-Pugh grade A, B and C in the treated and the untreated group were followed-up for 2 years, and the bleeding rates were 1.8% vs. 8.1% (P<0.05), 1.1% vs. 9.4% (P<0.05) and 9.1% vs. 10.1% (P>0.05), respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the rupture and bleeding of esophageal and gastric varices, varices degree, Child-Pugh grade and presence or absence of thrombosis formation in portal vein (P<0.05); however, no statistically significant differences in gender, age, etiology, platelet count, prothrombin activity, collateral circulation and portal vein width (P>0.05). There was no intraoperative bleeding and postoperative related serious complications in the treated group. Conclusion: The risk of initial episodes of bleeding from esophageal and gastric varices is significantly correlated with the varices degree, Child-Pugh grade, and portal vein thrombosis. Primary preventive treatment under endoscope is safe and effective for reducing the long-term variceal bleeding risk from esophageal and gastric varices.
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Humanos , Endoscopios , Várices Esofágicas y Gástricas/complicaciones , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/cirugía , Hipertensión Portal/complicaciones , Ligadura , Cirrosis Hepática/complicaciones , Protrombina , Escleroterapia , Adhesivos Tisulares , Várices , Trombosis de la Vena/complicacionesRESUMEN
Based on network pharmacology, the mechanism of Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma et Radix-Ligustri Lucidi Fructus(PL) combination against acute gouty arthritis(AGA) was explored and preliminarily verified by animal experiment. The chemical components and corresponding targets of PL were retrieved from Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP). The active components with oral bioavailability(OB)≥30% and drug-likeness(DL)≥0.18 were screened based on literature, and the related protein targets were collected. Then the protein targets were standardized with the help of UniProt database. The AGA-related targets were searched from GeneCards, NCBI, and DrugBank. The common targets of the disease and the medicinals were yielded by FunRich V3, and the protein-protein interaction(PPI) network was constructed to screen the key targets, followed by Gene Ontology(GO) term enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis of the key targets. Afterwards, some of the key targets were verified by sodium urate crystal-induced AGA mouse model. A total of 25 active components and 287 targets of PL, 811 targets of AGA, and 88 common targets were screened out. PPI network analysis showed that tumor necrosis factor(TNF), interleukin-6(IL-6), and interleukin-1β(IL-1β) may be the core targets of PL in the treatment of AGA. The key targets were mainly involved in 566 GO terms(P<0.05), including multiple biological processes such as inflammatory response and immune response. Moreover, they were related to 116 KEGG pathways and these pathways were involved in inflammation and immunity, mainly including NOD-like receptor signaling pathway and TNF signaling pathway. Animal experiment confirmed that PL can alleviate ankle swelling, improve abnormal gait, and down-regulate the protein expression of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in AGA mice, indicating that PL can treat AGA through TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β and the feasibility of network pharmacology to predict drug targets. This study preliminarily discussed the key targets and biological signaling pathways involved in the treatment of AGA with PL combination, which reflected the multi-pathway and multi-target action characteristics of Chinese medicine. Moreover, this study laid a scientific basis for research on the treatment of AGA with PL combination, as well as the mechanism of action.
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Animales , Ratones , Artritis Gotosa/tratamiento farmacológico , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/uso terapéutico , Ligustrum , Farmacología en Red , RizomaRESUMEN
The process parameters and sludge properties of an in-situ sludge ozone-reduction system were investigated under different ozone dosages and sludge ages. Subsequently, 75 mg·g-1 (as O3/MLVSS) was selected as the appropriate ozone dosage to satisfy the wastewater treatment capacity and in-situ sludge ozone-reduction. The calibration coefficient results of the sludge yield formula indicated that Yh was reduced from 0.331 g·g-1 to 0.326 g·g-1 (to MLVSS/COD m) by ozone treatment and Kd was increased from 0.046 d-1 to 0.050 d-1 at 75 mg·g-1. The effluent quality of the SBR system was satisfactory when the sludge age was 10 d. The ozone dosage of 75 mg·g-1 and sludge age of 10 d were selected as the appropriate process conditions, at which the excess sludge was reduced by 12%. The high-throughput sequencing results concluded that the microorganisms in the excess sludge after ozonation were different in phylum and genus. After ozone treatment, the abundance of Bacteroidetes increased by 1.2 times and the relative abundance of Proteobacteria with nitrification and denitrification ability decreased from 24% to 18%. The reduction in the abundance of nitrobacteria affected the denitrification capacity of the sewage treatment system, but the total effluent nitrogen still met the I B discharge standard of pollutants for municipal wastewater treatment plants. The relative abundance of Lactococcus increased from 0.4% to 21.6%. Simultaneously, the concentration of macromolecular organic substances in the EPS of the excess sludge increased from 40.6 mg·g-1 to 54.6 mg·g-1, while the CST increased from 15 s to 17 s after ozone treatment. The zeta potential decreased from -10.04 mV to -15.20 mV and the SVI of the excess sludge increased from 54 mL·g-1 to 62 mL·g-1, thereby indicating that the sedimentation performance and dewaterability were affected to some extent. However, the SS of the effluent and the solids content of the sludge cake after extraction did not change significantly, the system could still operate stably, and the subsequent dewaterability of the excess sludge was not significantly affected.
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OBJECTIVE@#To determine the genotype of an individual suspected for Aw through DNA sequencing.@*METHODS@#Serologic testing was carried out with standard methods. Exons 6 and 7 of the ABO genes were amplified by PCR and subjected to direct sequencing or sequenced after gene cloning.@*RESULTS@#Serological testing showed that the forward typing and reverse typing were Aw and A, respectively. DNA sequencing revealed that the individual has carried an Aw allele and an O allele. Haplotype sequencing of each allele has revealed a nt543 variant (543G>C) in the Aw allele.@*CONCLUSION@#The individual was verified as a rare A subtype, which was previously unreported in mainland China.
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Humanos , Sistema del Grupo Sanguíneo ABO/genética , Alelos , Exones , Genotipo , FenotipoRESUMEN
Objective:To study the changing characteristics and impact factors of helical tomotherapy (HT)for longitudinal dose fall-off outside the target, in order to guide the plan junction or pretreatment target and implementation efficiency in clinical.Methods:Eight patients with head and neck tumors admitted to the Department of Oncology Radiotherapy of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University in December 2019 were retrospectively selected as the research objects. The planning target area and dose drop structure were outlined in the head and neck images with a thickness of 1 mm obtained by Siemens SOMATOM Definition AS positioning computerized tomography (CT). Different field widths (FW, 5.0 cm/2.5 cm/1.0 cm) and pitches (0.430/0.287/0.215) were assembled for planning with the same modulation factor (1.8), finest does calculation grid (0.195 cm ×0.195 cm) and other planning parameters were consistent. The plans were designed by different parameters, and the result was analyzed by univariate analysis.Results:The that different pitch curves coincided under the same field width by comparative analyzing, so pitchs had no effect on dose drop. The different field width curves were independent of each other, indicating that the field width had an effect on dose drop in the head and foot direction. The relationship between the longitudinal dose drop speed outside the target and the change of the field width was inversely correlated: the larger field widths meant the slower dose fall-off and the larger penumbra, while the smaller field widths meant the faster fall-off and the smaller penumbra. When the dose fall-off to 50% of the prescribed dose, the distance from the target was approximately equal to half the field widths, and the pitchs had not affect the rate of dose-drop, while the dose at different distances from the target boundary could be calculated by the fitting formulas. The field widths and pitchs had little effect on the CI and HI index of the target, relatively, the target area was best when the field width was 2.5 cm. The total beam-on time gradually decreased with the increase of the field widths and pitches.Conclusions:When segment target therapy needs to consider planning junction, execution efficiency, and controlling longitudinal dose fall-off and considered the execution, the optimal planned parameters such as field widths and pitches could be selected or the target at the junction regions could be adducted according to the longitudinal dose drop formula, so as to achieve the ideal dose distribution.
RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE@#To explore the molecular basis for an individual suspected as AwB subtype through DNA sequencing.@*METHODS@#ABO serology was carried out with the standard tube method. To identify the ABO gene haplotype, the amplicons of exon 7 were cloned and sequenced.@*RESULTS@#Serological results showed that the forward typing was AwB and the reverse typing was B. Sequencing analysis revealed that the sample has contained an O01 allele in addition with c.297A>G, c.657C>T, c.796C>A, c.803G>C, c.930G>A variants as compared with the A101 allele.@*CONCLUSION@#Through sequencing analysis, the sample with an AwB subtype by serological testing was identified as a novel B(A) phenotype, which was unreported previously.