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【Objective】 To systematically evaluate the safety and efficacy of intraoperative cell salvage (IOCS) for placenta previa women undergoing cesarean section. 【Methods】 The PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, the Cochrane Library of clinical trials, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wan Fang databases were searched from inception to September 2022. The standardized mean differences (SMDs) or relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and prediction intervals (PIs) regarding the comparison between the IOCS and allogeneic blood transfusion (ABT) groups were analyzed using R software Version 4.1.2 and Stata Version 12.0. 【Results】 Five RCTs and ten retrospective cohort studies were included in this meta-analysis. Analysis of cohort studies showed that compared with the ABT group, women with placenta previa who underwent IOCS had generally higher postoperative hemoglobin (Hb) (SMD, 0.626; 95% CI: 0.103 to 1.149; 95% PI: -1.320 to 2.572) and hematocrit (Hct) (SMD, 0.617; 95% CI: 0.130 to 1.104; 95% PI: -1.084 to 2.317) levels. In RCTs, we observed that placenta previa women undergoing IOCS were almost 72.7% less likely to suffer from adverse events AEs than the ABT group (RR, 0.273; 95% CI, 0.082 to 0.904). The difference in postoperative prothrombin time (PT), activated prothrombin time (APTT), fibrinogen (Fib) concentration, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) between the IOCS and ABT group did not reach statistical significance. 【Conclusion】 Women with placenta previa who undergo IOCS have higher postoperative Hb and Hct concentrations compared to those treated with ABT. IOCS has no major effects on postoperative coagulation parameters and renal function parameters. IOCS is associated with a significantly lower risk of transfusion-related AEs among women undergoing cesarean section.
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Background@#Coronary artery disease patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) often exhibit reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). However, the impact of LV dysfunction status in conjunction with platelet reactivity on clinical outcomes has not been previously investigated. @*Methods@#From the multicenter PTRG-DES (Platelet function and genoType-Related long-term prognosis in DES-treated patients) consortium, the patients were classified as preserved-EF (PEF: LVEF ≥ 50%) and reduced-EF (REF: LVEF< 5 0%) group by echocardiography. Platelet reactivity was measured using VerifyNow P2Y 12 assay and high platelet reactivity (HPR) was defined as PRU ≥ 252. The major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) were a composite of death, myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis and stroke at 5 years after PCI. Major bleeding was defined as Bleeding Academic Research Consortium bleeding types 3–5. @*Results@#A total of 13,160 patients from PTRG-DES, 9,319 (79.6%) patients with the results of both PRU and LVEF were analyzed. The incidence of MACCE and major bleeding was higher in REF group as compared with PEF group (MACCEs: hazard ratio [HR] 2.17, P < 0.001, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.85–2.55; major bleeding: HR 1.78, P < 0.001, 95% CI 1.39–2.78).The highest rate of MACCEs was found in patients with REF and HPR, and the difference between the groups was statistically significant (HR 3.14 in REF(+)/HPR(+) vs. PEF(+)/HPR(-) group,P <0.01, 95% CI 2.51–3.91). The frequency of major bleeding was not associated with the HPR in either group. @*Conclusion@#LV dysfunction was associated with an increased incidence of MACCEs and major bleeding in patients who underwent PCI. The HPR status further exhibited significant increase of MACCEs in patients with LV dysfunction in a large, real-world registry.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04734028
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Background@#Currently, non-vitamin K-antagonist oral anticoagulant (NOAC) monotherapy has been suggested as the optimal antithrombotic therapy for atrial fibrillation (AF) beyond one year after coronary revascularization. The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes between NOAC monotherapy and NOAC plus antiplatelet combination therapy using realworld data. @*Methods@#Between 2015 and 2020, patients with AF who had received NOACs beyond one year after coronary revascularization were enrolled from Korean national insurance data. We emulated a pragmatic sequence of trials between the NOAC monotherapy and the antiplatelet combination therapy followed by propensity score matching. The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs), a composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction, and stroke. @*Results@#Among 206,407 person-trials from 4,465 individuals, we compared 3,275 pairs of the monotherapy and the matched combination therapy. During a median follow-up of 1.24 years, the incidence rate of MACCE was 19.4% and 20.0% per patient-year in the monotherapy group and the antiplatelet combination group, respectively (hazard ratio [HR], 0.96; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.88–1.05; P = 0.422). Compared with the antiplatelet combination group, the monotherapy group had a significantly lower incidence rate of major bleeding, defined as intracranial bleeding or gastrointestinal bleeding requiring hospitalization (2.8% vs. 3.6% per patient-year; HR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.62–0.97; P = 0.024). @*Conclusion@#As an antithrombotic therapy for AF beyond one year after coronary revascularization, NOAC monotherapy was associated with a similar risk of MACCE and a lower risk of major bleeding compared to NOAC plus antiplatelet combination therapy.
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Background@#The benefits of transradial access (TRA) over transfemoral access (TFA) for bifurcation percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are uncertain because of the limited availability of device selection. This study aimed to compare the procedural differences and the in-hospital and long-term outcomes of TRA and TFA for bifurcation PCI using secondgeneration drug-eluting stents (DESs). @*Methods@#Based on data from the Coronary Bifurcation Stenting Registry III, a retrospective registry of 2,648 patients undergoing bifurcation PCI with second-generation DES from 21 centers in South Korea, patients were categorized into the TRA group (n = 1,507) or the TFA group (n = 1,141). After propensity score matching (PSM), procedural differences, in-hospital outcomes, and device-oriented composite outcomes (DOCOs; a composite of cardiac death, target vessel-related myocardial infarction, and target lesion revascularization) were compared between the two groups (772 matched patients each group). @*Results@#Despite well-balanced baseline clinical and lesion characteristics after PSM, the use of the two-stent strategy (14.2% vs. 23.7%, P = 0.001) and the incidence of in-hospital adverse outcomes, primarily driven by access site complications (2.2% vs. 4.4%, P = 0.015), were significantly lower in the TRA group than in the TFA group. At the 5-year follow-up, the incidence of DOCOs was similar between the groups (6.3% vs. 7.1%, P = 0.639). @*Conclusion@#The findings suggested that TRA may be safer than TFA for bifurcation PCI using second-generation DESs. Despite differences in treatment strategy, TRA was associated with similar long-term clinical outcomes as those of TFA. Therefore, TRA might be the preferred access for bifurcation PCI using second-generation DES.
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BACKGROUND: It is still unclear the impact of diabetes mellitus (DM) in complex coronary lesions treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) which themselves are at increased incidence of adverse events. METHODS: BIFURCAT registry encompassed patients treated with PCI for coronary bifurcation lesion from the COBIS III and the RAIN registry. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of major cardiovascular adverse event (MACE), a composite and mutual exclusive of all-cause death or myocardial infarction (MI) or target-lesion revascularization (TLR). A total of 5537 patients were included in the analysis and 1834 (33%) suffered from DM. RESULTS: After a median follow-up of 21 months, diabetic patients had a higher incidence of MACE (17% vs. 9%, p < 0.001), all-cause mortality (9% vs. 4%, p < 0.001), TLR (5% vs. 3%, p = 0.001), MI (4% vs. 2%, p < 0.001), and stent thrombosis (ST) (2% vs. 1%, p = 0.007). After multivariate analysis, diabetes remained significantly associated with MACE (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.37; confidence interval [CI]: 1.13-1.65; p = 0.001), all-cause death (HR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.24-2.19, p = 0.001), TLR (HR: 1.45; CI: 1.03-2.04; p = 0.031) and ST (HR: 1.73, CI: 1.04-2.88; p = 0.036), but not with MI (HR: 1.34; CI: 0.93-1.92; p = 0.11). Among diabetics, chronic kidney disease (HR: 2.99; CI: 2.21-4.04), baseline left ventricular ejection fraction (HR: 0.98; CI: 0.97-0.99), femoral access (HR: 1.62; CI: 1.23-2.15), left main coronary artery (HR: 1.44; CI: 1.06-1.94), main branch diameter (HR: 0.79; CI: 0.66-0.94) and final kissing balloon (HR: 0.70; CI: 0.52-0.93) were independent predictors of MACE at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with DM treated with PCI for coronary bifurcations have a worse prognosis due to higher incidence of MACE, all-cause mortality, TLR and ST compared to the non-diabetics.
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Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria , Diabetes Mellitus , Stents Liberadores de Fármacos , Infarto del Miocardio , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea , Humanos , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/terapia , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/complicaciones , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/efectos adversos , Volumen Sistólico , Resultado del Tratamiento , Factores de Riesgo , Stents Liberadores de Fármacos/efectos adversos , Función Ventricular Izquierda , Infarto del Miocardio/etiología , Diabetes Mellitus/diagnóstico , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiología , Sistema de Registros , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The coaxial radiography-guided puncture technique (CR-PT) is a novel technique for endoscopic lumbar discectomy. As the X-ray beam and the puncturing needle are maintained in a parallel and coaxial direction, the X-ray beam can be used to guide the trajectory angle, facilitating the choice of the puncture site and providing real-time guidance. This puncture technique offers numerous advantages over the conventional anterior-posterior and lateral radiography-guided puncture technique (AP-PT), especially in cases of herniated lumbar discs with a hypertrophied transverse process or articular process, high iliac crest, and narrowed intervertebral foramen. AIM: To confirm whether CR-PT is a superior approach to percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic lumbar discectomy compared to AP-PT. METHODS: In this parallel, controlled, randomized clinical trial, herniated lumbar disc patients appointed to receive percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy treatment were recruited from the Pain Management Department of the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and Nantong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Sixty-five participants were enrolled and divided into either a CR-PT group or an AP-PT group. The CR-PT group underwent CR-PT, and the AP-PT group underwent AP-PT. The number of fluoroscopies during puncturing, puncture duration (min), surgery duration (min), VAS score during puncturing, and puncture success rate were recorded. RESULTS: Sixty-five participants were included, with 31 participants in the CR-PT group and 34 in the AP-PT group. One participant in the AP-PT group dropped out due to unsuccessful puncturing. The number of fluoroscopies [median (P25, P75)] was 12 (11, 14) in the CR-PT group vs 16 (12, 23) in the AP-PT group, while the puncture duration (mean ± SD) was 20.42 ± 5.78 vs 25.06 ± 5.46, respectively. The VAS score was 3 (2, 4) in the CR-PT group vs 3 (3, 4) in the AP-PT group. Further subgroup analysis was performed, considering only the participants with L5/S1 segment herniation: 9 patients underwent CR-PT, and 9 underwent AP-PT. The number of fluoroscopies was 11.56 ± 0.88 vs 25.22 ± 5.33; the puncture duration was 13.89 ± 1.45 vs 28.89 ± 3.76; the surgery duration was 105 (99.5, 120) vs 149 (125, 157.5); and the VAS score was 2.11 ± 0.93 vs 3.89 ± 0.6, respectively. All the above outcomes demonstrated statistical significance (P < 0.05), favoring the CR-PT treatment. CONCLUSION: CR-PT is a novel and effective technique. As opposed to conventional AP-PT, this technique significantly improves puncture accuracy, shortens puncture time and operation time, and reduces pain intensity during puncturing.
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The emergence of metallo-ß-lactamases (MBLs) confers resistance to nearly all the ß-lactam antibiotics, including carbapenems. Currently, there is a lack of clinically useful MBL inhibitors, making it crucial to discover new inhibitor chemotypes that can potently target multiple clinically relevant MBLs. Herein we report a strategy that utilizes a metal binding pharmacophore (MBP) click approach to identify new broad-spectrum MBL inhibitors. Our initial investigation identified several MBPs including phthalic acid, phenylboronic acid and benzyl phosphoric acid, which were subjected to structural transformations using azide-alkyne click reactions. Subsequent structure-activity relationship analyses led to the identification of several potent broad-spectrum MBL inhibitors, including 73 that manifested IC50 values ranging from 0.00012 µM to 0.64 µM against multiple MBLs. Co-crystallographic studies demonstrated the importance of MBPs in engaging with the MBL active site anchor pharmacophore features, and revealed the unusual two-molecule binding modes with IMP-1, highlighting the critical role of flexible active site loops in recognizing structurally diverse substrates/inhibitors. Our work provides new chemotypes for MBL inhibition and establishes a MBP click-derived paradigm for inhibitor discovery targeting MBLs as well as other metalloenzymes.
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Farmacóforo , Inhibidores de beta-Lactamasas , Inhibidores de beta-Lactamasas/farmacología , Inhibidores de beta-Lactamasas/química , beta-Lactamasas/metabolismo , Relación Estructura-Actividad , Monobactamas , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/químicaRESUMEN
Background@#s: Fimasartan is the most recently developed, potent, and long-acting angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB). However, data are limited regarding treatment effects of fimasartan in patients with heart failure. @*Methods@#Between 2010 and 2016, patients who underwent coronary revascularization for myocardial infarction (MI) with heart failure and prescription of ARB at hospital discharge were enrolled from the Korean nationwide medical insurance data. Clinical outcomes were compared between patients receiving fimasartan and those receiving other ARBs (candesartan, valsartan, losartan, telmisartan, olmesartan, and irbesartan). The primary outcome was a composite of all-cause death, recurrent MI, hospitalization for heart failure, and stroke. @*Results@#Of 2,802 eligible patients, fimasartan was prescribed to 124 patients (4.4%). During a median follow-up of 2.2 years (interquartile range, 1.0–3.9), 613 events of the primary outcome occurred. There was no significant difference in the primary outcome between patients receiving fimasartan and those receiving other ARBs (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 0.82; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.46–1.45). Compared with patients receiving other ARBs, those receiving fimasartan had comparable incidence of all-cause death (adjusted HR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.30–1.63), recurrent MI (adjusted HR, 1.28; 95% CI, 0.49–3.34), hospitalization for heart failure (adjusted HR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.27–1.84), and stroke (adjusted HR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.18–1.96). @*Conclusion@#In this nationwide cohort, fimasartan, compared with other ARBs, had comparable treatment effects for a composite of all-cause death, recurrent MI, hospitalization for heart failure, and stroke in patients with heart failure after MI.
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Background@#In patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the SMART-CHOICE trial, P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy after three months of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) achieved clinical outcomes comparable to those of 12 months of DAPT.Nonetheless, the effects of sex on these outcomes remain unknown. @*Methods@#This open-label, non-inferiority, randomized study, conducted in 33 hospitals in South Korea, included 2,993 patients undergoing PCI with drug-eluting stents. Patients were randomly assigned to receive DAPT (aspirin plus a P2Y12 inhibitor) for three months then P2Y12 inhibitor alone for nine months, or DAPT for the entire 12 months. The primary endpoints were major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (a composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction, or stroke) 12 months after the index procedure. The bleeding endpoints were Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleeding types 2 to 5. @*Results@#Of the patients, 795 (26.6%) were women, who were older and had a higher prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia than men. The sexes exhibited comparable primary endpoints (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 0.93; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.55–1.55; P = 0.770) and bleeding endpoints (adjusted HR, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.63–1.81; P = 0.811). P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy vs DAPT was associated with lower risk of BARC type 2 to 5 bleeding in women (adjusted HR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.16–0.98; P = 0.045) but the difference was not statistically significant when using the Bonferroni correction. The primary endpoints were similar between treatment groups in both sexes. @*Conclusion@#In both sexes undergoing PCI, P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy after three months of DAPT achieved similar risks of the primary endpoints and the bleeding events compared with prolonged DAPT. Therefore, the benefits of early aspirin withdrawal with ongoing P2Y12 inhibitors may be comparable in women and men.
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Background@#The risk of device thrombosis and device-oriented clinical outcomes with bioresorbable vascular scaffold (BVS) was reported to be significantly higher than with contemporary drug-eluting stents (DESs). However, optimal device implantation may improve clinical outcomes in patients receiving BVS. The current study evaluated mid-term safety and efficacy of Absorb BVS with meticulous device optimization under intravascular imaging guidance. @*Methods@#The SMART-REWARD and PERSPECTIVE-PCI registries in Korea prospectively enrolled 390 patients with BVS and 675 patients with DES, respectively. The primary endpoint was target vessel failure (TVF) at 2 years and the secondary major endpoint was patientoriented composite outcome (POCO) at 2 years. @*Results@#Patient-level pooled analysis evaluated 1,003 patients (377 patients with BVS and 626 patients with DES). Mean scaffold diameter per lesion was 3.24 ± 0.30 mm in BVS group.Most BVSs were implanted with pre-dilatation (90.9%), intravascular imaging guidance (74.9%), and post-dilatation (73.1%) at proximal to mid segment (81.9%) in target vessel.Patients treated with BVS showed comparable risks of 2-year TVF (2.9% vs. 3.7%, adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.283, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.487–3.378, P = 0.615) and 2-year POCO (4.5% vs. 5.9%, adjusted HR, 1.413, 95% CI, 0.663–3.012,P = 0.370) than those with DES. The rate of 2-year definite or probable device thrombosis (0.3% vs. 0.5%, P = 0.424) was also similar. The sensitivity analyses consistently showed comparable risk of TVF and POCO between the 2 groups. @*Conclusion@#With meticulous device optimization under imaging guidance and avoidance of implantation in small vessels, BVS showed comparable risks of 2-year TVF and device thrombosis with DES.
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Objective To comprehensively analyze and understand the status of medical resources of radiological diagnosis and treatment in Suzhou, China, and to provide a basis for the health administration departments to reasonably plan and allocate medical radiation resources. Methods The radiological diagnosis and treatment institutions were registered on the radiation health information platform of Jiangsu province, and information was entered as required. Results There were totally 793 radiological diagnosis and treatment institutions at all levels in Suzhou, including 22 (6.04%) tertiary institutions. There were 2208 radiological diagnosis and treatment equipment. The number of X-ray diagnosis and treatment equipment per million people in Suzhou was 205.40. However, there was no class A large-scale medical equipment. Conclusion Compared with 2005, the numbers of radiological diagnosis and treatment institutions and equipment in Suzhou increased significantly. However, government departments at all levels should strengthen overall regulation and control to improve the rational allocation of high-tech medical resources.
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We wished to establish an expert consensus on late stage of critical care (CC) management. The panel comprised 13 experts in CC medicine. Each statement was assessed based on the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) principle. Then, the Delphi method was adopted by 17 experts to reassess the following 28 statements. (1) ESCAPE has evolved from a strategy of delirium management to a strategy of late stage of CC management. (2) The new version of ESCAPE is a strategy for optimizing treatment and comprehensive care of critically ill patients (CIPs) after the rescue period, including early mobilization, early rehabilitation, nutritional support, sleep management, mental assessment, cognitive-function training, emotional support, and optimizing sedation and analgesia. (3) Disease assessment to determine the starting point of early mobilization, early rehabilitation, and early enteral nutrition. (4) Early mobilization has synergistic effects upon the recovery of organ function. (5) Early functional exercise and rehabilitation are important means to promote CIP recovery, and gives them a sense of future prospects. (6) Timely start of enteral nutrition is conducive to early mobilization and early rehabilitation. (7) The spontaneous breathing test should be started as soon as possible, and a weaning plan should be selected step-by-step. (8) The waking process of CIPs should be realized in a planned and purposeful way. (9) Establishment of a sleep-wake rhythm is the key to sleep management in post-CC management. (10) The spontaneous awakening trial, spontaneous breathing trial, and sleep management should be carried out together. (11) The depth of sedation should be adjusted dynamically in the late stage of CC period. (12) Standardized sedation assessment is the premise of rational sedation. (13) Appropriate sedative drugs should be selected according to the objectives of sedation and drug characteristics. (14) A goal-directed minimization strategy for sedation should be implemented. (15) The principle of analgesia must be mastered first. (16) Subjective assessment is preferred for analgesia assessment. (17) Opioid-based analgesic strategies should be selected step-by-step according to the characteristics of different drugs. (18) There must be rational use of non-opioid analgesics and non-drug-based analgesic measures. (19) Pay attention to evaluation of the psychological status of CIPs. (20) Cognitive function in CIPs cannot be ignored. (21) Delirium management should be based on non-drug-based measures and rational use of drugs. (22) Reset treatment can be considered for severe delirium. (23) Psychological assessment should be conducted as early as possible to screen-out high-risk groups with post-traumatic stress disorder. (24) Emotional support, flexible visiting, and environment management are important components of humanistic management in the intensive care unit (ICU). (25) Emotional support from medical teams and families should be promoted through"ICU diaries"and other forms. (26) Environmental management should be carried out by enriching environmental content, limiting environmental interference, and optimizing the environmental atmosphere. (27) Reasonable promotion of flexible visitation should be done on the basis of prevention of nosocomial infection. (28) ESCAPE is an excellent project for late stage of CC management.
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Humanos , Consenso , Cuidados Críticos/métodos , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos , Dolor/tratamiento farmacológico , Analgésicos/uso terapéutico , Delirio/terapia , Enfermedad CríticaRESUMEN
The gastroduodenal artery (GDA) has an important role in pancreatic surgery. Relevant literature was reviewed and sum-marized in this article, along with practical experiences from our center, in order to provide references for surgeons in dealing with anatomical variations of the GDA and postoperative bleeding. GDA has close relationships with the blood supply of surroun-ding organs and is the most common vessel associated with intra-abdominal bleeding after pancreatic surgery. Therefore, the GDA plays a crucial anatomical role that affects the strategies and approaches of pancreatic surgery . Preoperative assessment of GDA variations can be achieved through CT angio-graphy. During surgery, it is important to identify and dissect the GDA properly and protect its remnants. In cases of residual bleeding from the GDA, endovascular treatment or secondary laparo-tomy can be conducted.
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This study was performed to investigate the effects of mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)pathway inhibitors on the expression of PD-L1 in dendritic cells and the T lymphocyte immune response in gram negative bacterial sepsis.The immunosuppression model of bacterial sepsis was established by treating the dendritic cells with bacterial endotoxin.The MAPK pathways inhibitors were applied to block pathways of dendritic cells,and then the PD-L1 expression on dendritic cells were detected by flow cytometry and Western blotting.Furthermore,the levels of T lymphocyte proliferation response and cytotoxic T cell response in mixed lymphocyte co-culture experiments were detected by cell proliferation assay kit and enzyme-linked immunospot assay kit,respectively.Data showed that the PD-L1 expression of dendritic cells were significantly up-regulated in the model group compared with the control group,while the levels of T lymphocyte proliferation response and cytotoxic T cell response in the model group were significantly reduced(P<0.05).Then compared with the model group,the PD-L1 expression of dendritic cells were significantly down-regulated in the SB203580/model group(P<0.05),meanwhile the levels of T lymphocyte proliferation response and cytotoxic T cell response were both significantly increased in SB203580/model group and αPD-L1/model group(P<0.05).In conclusion,the p38 signaling pathway could regulate PD-L1 expression of dendritic cells in bacterial sepsis.The application of p38 pathway inhibitors could partially reduce the PD-L1 expression of dendritic cells and reverse T lymphocyte immunosuppression in bacterial sepsis.
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Pulmonary blast injury has become the main type of trauma in modern warfare, characterized by externally mild injuries but internally severe injuries, rapid disease progression, and a high rate of early death. The injury is complicated in clinical practice, often with multiple and compound injuries. Currently, there is a lack of effective protective materials, accurate injury detection instrument and portable monitoring and transportation equipment, standardized clinical treatment guidelines in various medical centers, and evidence-based guidelines at home and abroad, resulting in a high mortality in clinlcal practice. Therefore, the Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association and the Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Trauma organized military and civilian experts in related fields such as thoracic surgery and traumatic surgery to jointly develop the Clinical treatment guideline for pulmonary blast injury ( version 2023) by combining evidence for effectiveness and clinical first-line treatment experience. This guideline provided 16 recommended opinions surrounding definition, characteristics, pre-hospital diagnosis and treatment, and in-hospital treatment of pulmonary blast injury, hoping to provide a basis for the clinical treatment in hospitals at different levels.
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This paper summarizes the cause of the debris flow impact train accident by investigating the local geological condition, meteorological data and field investigation that happened in Guizhou, China on 4 June 2022. The result showed that the major reason is the continuous heavy rain in the surrounding area, which led to a small landslide at the upper right of the tunnel entrance. Besides, the construction of the Jianrong Expressway in the upper reaches increased the catchment area, which makes the water content of the upper soil increase while the shear strength decreases. Such large-scale catastrophic accidents significantly threaten the local environment and public safety. Therefore, it is urgent to pay special attention to the changes in geological conditions along the line, especially the adverse effects of construction, to improve the early risk warning and post-accident treatment ability.
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Accidentes , Suelo , ChinaRESUMEN
Fucoxanthin is an oxygenated carotenoid component that has been reported to play important roles in anti-oxidation, anti-obesity and anti-cancer in the human body. Fucoxanthin-chlorophyll protein (FCP) complexes participate in light harvesting and photoprotection in diatom. In order to better understand the change of fucoxanthin content and its role in photoprotection, the growth, fucoxanthin biosynthesis and photosynthetic phenotypes were studied in the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum under the treatment of exogenous arachidonic acid (AA). Our results demonstrated that even low concentration of AA at 0.1 mg/L strongly induced fucoxanthin accumulation in algal cells to a maximum of 1.1 mg/g dry weight (DW), which was 36.6% higher than that in the untreated ones. By principal component analysis (PCA), we also identified a close correlation between fucoxanthin accumulation and the expression of genes involved in fucoxanthin biosynthesis, especially phytoene synthase (PSY), suggesting that AA change the metabolism of fucoxanthin by inducing carotenoid metabolic enzymes at the transcriptional level. Furthermore, we found that the exogenous application of AA affected non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) and photoinhibition, which resulted from the changed diadinoxanthin (DD) and diatoxanthin (DT) cycle, and thus played an important role in photoprotection.
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Diatomeas , Humanos , Diatomeas/metabolismo , Ácido Araquidónico/metabolismo , Carotenoides/metabolismo , FotosíntesisRESUMEN
Purpose@#The aim of this study was to compare changes of bite force, occlusal contact area, and dynamic functional occlusion analysis after occlusal stabilization splint therapy during sleep for one month in a patient with bruxism. @*Materials and Methods@#From October 2021 to July 2022, sleep bruxism of 30 patients who visited the Department of Oral Medicine at Yonsei University College of Dentistry Hospital were recruited. The participants were divided into two groups: using an occlusal stabilization splint during sleep (treatment; n = 15) and not using an occlusal stabilization splint (control; n = 15). Before using the occlusal stabilization splint and one month after, bite force, occlusal contact area and dynamic functional occlusion analysis (ratio of left/right bite forces, average bite forces, maximum bite forces, and maximum contact areas during lateral and anterior and posterior mandibular movements) were performed. @*Results@#There was no difference in bite force and occlusal contact area between the treatment group using the occlusal stabilization splint and the control group not using the occlusal stabilization splint during sleep for one month. However, there were significant differences in the average bite force and maximum bite force in the lateral and anterior and posterior mandibular movements and the maximum contact areas in the anterior and posterior mandibular movements. @*Conclusion@#The occlusal stabilization splint is helpful for sleep bruxism patients who lateral and anterior and posterior mandibular movements. In addition, further studies are needed a double-blind study with a large population.
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This project starts with the teaching of clinical anatomy for eight-year medical students, selects specialists to enter the courses according to the content of clinical anatomy, and explores the deep integration of basic and clinical education. This study used the self-made questionnaire to evaluate the effect of the integrated teaching model, and Likert scale was used to score. Meanwhile, the correlation between the scores of each question and total points was analyzed with the item analysis. Moreover, we assessed the principal components through the exploratory factor analysis. The results showed that more than 95% questioned students thought the preclinical education integrated with clinical medicine teaching model is necessary and practical, which can assist medical students in the anatomical structure learning combined with clinical disease, and meanwhile cultivate students' clinical thinking. Only fewer than 10% thought it can connect the basic knowledge and clinical cases effectively, and over 35% thought there are difficulties. Additionally, more than half students (54%) hold the negative attitude which clinicians can't completely replace basic teachers in teaching. Our finding suggests that the integrated teaching model is attractive and feasible. Nonetheless, clinicians can’t replace preclinical teachers completely in the clinical anatomy education yet.
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Objective:To evaluate the influence factors of the peak time in computed tomography (CT) portal venography.Methods:Twenty-eight patients who underwent CT perfusion (CTP) examination in Minhang Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University from October 2020 to December 2021 were retrospectively collected. The CT enhancement time-density curves of the main portal vein trunk and abdominal aorta were obtained at the cross section of the left and right branches of portal vein. The peak time of portal vein and abdominal aorta, the enhanced CT attenuation of the liver and spleen parenchyma enhancement at the peak value of portal vein were measured. Pearson correlation and regression analysis were performed.Results:The peak time of abdominal aorta was (16.39±2.68)s, and portal vein was (27.12±4.65)s. The enhanced CT attenuation of liver and spleen parenchyma were (84.64±20.21)HU and (142.28±25.15)HU, respectively. The peak time of portal vein was positively correlated with the peak time of abdominal aorta ( r=0.825, P<0.001), and there was no statistical correlation with the enhanced CT values of liver and spleen. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the peak time of abdominal aorta was an independent factor affecting the peak time of portal vein ( b=1.326, t=5.874, P<0.001). The regression equation was the peak time of portal vein=4.185+ 1.451× the peak time of abdominal aorta. The peak time of portal vein in cirrhosis group was (27.78±4.48)s, and that in noncirrhosis group was (26.8±4.81)s, with no significant difference between the two groups ( P=0.614). Conclusions:There was a linear correlation between the peak time of portal vein and the abdominal aorta, and the results could be helpful to optimize the setting of delay time before CT portal venography.