RESUMEN
Replacing the human hand with artificial devices of equal capability and effectiveness is a long-standing challenge. Even the most advanced hand prostheses, which have several active degrees of freedom controlled by the electrical signals of the stump's residual muscles, do not achieve the complexity, dexterity, and adaptability of the human hand. Thus, prosthesis abandonment rate remains high due to poor embodiment. Here, we report a prosthetic hand called Hannes that incorporates key biomimetic properties that make this prosthesis uniquely similar to a human hand. By means of an holistic design approach and through extensive codevelopment work involving researchers, patients, orthopaedists, and industrial designers, our proposed device simultaneously achieves accurate anthropomorphism, biomimetic performance, and human-like grasping behavior that outperform what is required in the execution of activities of daily living (ADLs). To evaluate the effectiveness and usability of Hannes, pilot trials on amputees were performed. Tests and questionnaires were used before and after a period of about 2 weeks, in which amputees could autonomously use Hannes domestically to perform ADLs. Last, experiments were conducted to validate Hannes's high performance and the human likeness of its grasping behavior. Although Hannes's speed is still lower than that achieved by the human hand, our experiments showed improved performance compared with existing research or commercial devices.
Asunto(s)
Miembros Artificiales , Mano , Diseño de Prótesis , Actividades Cotidianas , Adulto , Amputados/rehabilitación , Fenómenos Biomecánicos , Materiales Biomiméticos , Elasticidad , Electromiografía , Mano/anatomía & histología , Mano/fisiología , Fuerza de la Mano/fisiología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Satisfacción del Paciente , Proyectos Piloto , Rango del Movimiento Articular , Robótica/instrumentación , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Interfaz Usuario-Computador , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Se relata el caso de una mujer inmunocompetente, de setenta y tres años de edad, quien presentaba una lesión tumoral, eritemato-violácea, asintomática, en cara posterior de pierna, con antecedente de una herida provocada por, el espolón de un gallo de riña, cuatro meses atrás. Dos exámenes histopatológicos cutáneos revelaron la. existencia de un proceso inflamatorio, descartando malignidad. En el cultivo del material de la segunda biopsia se aisló repetidamente Curvularia lunata. Se ratificó el hallazgo con una tercera biopsia. El tratamiento consistió en la administración de itraconazol más resección quirúrgica completa. El control a los dos años no evidenció recidivas (AU)