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1.
Toxicon ; 191: 9-17, 2021 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33338449

RESUMEN

Brevetoxins were confirmed in urine specimens from patients diagnosed with neurotoxic shellfish poisoning (NSP) after consumption of gastropods that were recreationally harvested from an area previously affected by a Karenia brevis bloom. Several species of gastropods (Triplofusus giganteus, Sinistrofulgur sinistrum, Cinctura hunteria, Strombus alatus, Fulguropsis spirata) and one clam (Macrocallista nimbosa) from the NSP implicated gastropod collection area (Jewfish Key, Sarasota Bay, Florida) were examined for brevetoxins using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). All gastropods and the clam were contaminated with brevetoxins. Composite B-type toxin concentrations in gastropods ranged from 1.1 to 198 µg BTX-3 equiv./g by ELISA, levels likely capable of causing NSP in consumers. Several brevetoxin metabolites previously characterized in molluscan shellfish were identified in these gastropods. Brevetoxin analog profiles by ELISA were similar in the gastropod species examined. This work documents the occurrence of NSP through consumption of a type of seafood not typically monitored in Florida to protect human health, demonstrating the need to better assess and communicate the risk of NSP to gastropod harvesters in Karenia brevis endemic areas.


Asunto(s)
Toxinas Marinas/orina , Oxocinas/orina , Intoxicación por Mariscos/epidemiología , Animales , Bioensayo , Bivalvos , Cromatografía Liquida , Dinoflagelados , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Florida/epidemiología , Gastrópodos , Humanos , Mariscos , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem
3.
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep ; 64(40): 1142-4, 2015 Oct 16.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26468736

RESUMEN

What is already known on this topic? Ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP), caused by the ingestion of predatory reef-dwelling fish harboring ciguatoxins is one of the most commonly reported fish-associated marine intoxications. Ciguatoxin retains toxicity regardless of freezing or cooking. Prompt treatment can reduce debilitating neurologic symptoms that are associated with CFP.What is added by this report? Syndromic surveillance systems in Florida identified six adults with CFP following consumption of black grouper. Five patients sought medical attention; health care providers did not make a diagnosis of CFP or report the cases to public health authorities, and none of the patients received treatment. Close collaboration among several investigating agencies allowed traceback efforts to link black grouper consumed by all patients to a common international distributor.What are the implications for public health practice? Syndromic surveillance systems capable of detecting CFP are essential public health tools to identify outbreaks and enhance investigations. Medical and public health practitioners should be educated to inquire about recent fish consumption when evaluating patients with clinically compatible signs and symptoms to allow for prompt treatment, and report suspected CFP cases to public health authorities to facilitate source-food traceback efforts. Public education on avoidance of consumption of relatively large predatory reef fish species known to be from ciguatoxic-endemic areas might reduce the risk for CFP.


Asunto(s)
Intoxicación por Ciguatera/diagnóstico , Intoxicación por Ciguatera/epidemiología , Brotes de Enfermedades , Vigilancia de la Población , Alimentos Marinos/envenenamiento , Adulto , Animales , Femenino , Peces , Florida/epidemiología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad
4.
J Environ Health ; 71(3): 18-22; quiz 49-50, 2008 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18990929

RESUMEN

An outbreak of giardiasis and cryptosporidiosis was identified in central Florida in September 2006. Environmental and epidemiological investigations indicated the likely source was a neighborhood interactive water fountain in a large upscale urban neighborhood. Forty-nine cases meeting the case definition were identified, of which 38 were giardiasis, nine were cryptosporidiosis, and two were co-infections. The median age of those affected was four years old, and 32 (65.3%) cases were male. This outbreak and other similar occurrences highlight the need to design and implement more stringent disinfection practices and filtration requirements for treated interactive water venues. Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts are small and chlorine-resistant, and they may require supplemental disinfection methods, such as ultraviolet light irradiation, ozonation, or chlorine dioxide. Individuals who use these types of venues also need to change their behavior to prevent disease transmission. This is the first documentation of a giardiasis outbreak associated with exposure to an interactive water fountain in the United States.


Asunto(s)
Criptosporidiosis/epidemiología , Brotes de Enfermedades , Giardiasis/epidemiología , Microbiología del Agua , Preescolar , Criptosporidiosis/fisiopatología , Educación Continua , Femenino , Florida/epidemiología , Giardiasis/fisiopatología , Humanos , Masculino , Población Urbana , Purificación del Agua
5.
Emerg Infect Dis ; 11(4): 610-2, 2005 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15829202

RESUMEN

We investigated a large outbreak of Salmonella enterica serotype Javiana among attendees of the 2002 U.S. Transplant Games, including 1,500 organ transplant recipients. Web-based survey methods identified pre-diced tomatoes as the source of this outbreak, which highlights the utility of such investigative tools to cope with the changing epidemiology of foodborne diseases.


Asunto(s)
Brotes de Enfermedades , Internet , Infecciones por Salmonella/epidemiología , Salmonella enterica/aislamiento & purificación , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Estudios de Cohortes , Recolección de Datos , Microbiología de Alimentos , Encuestas Epidemiológicas , Humanos , Solanum lycopersicum , Factores de Riesgo , Infecciones por Salmonella/microbiología , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Trasplante
6.
J Food Prot ; 67(5): 1005-8, 2004 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15151240

RESUMEN

Molecular methods have become vital epidemiological tools in the detection and characterization of bacteria associated with a foodborne outbreak. We used both culture and real-time PCR to detect a Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolate associated with a foodborne outbreak. The outbreak occurred in July 2002 in Polk County, Florida, and originated at a Chinese buffet, with one person being hospitalized. The hospital isolated V. parahaemolyticus from the patient but destroyed the sample after diagnosis. From an onsite visit of the restaurant, food samples that possibly contributed to the outbreak were collected and sent to the Florida Department of Health, Tampa Branch Laboratory. Crab legs, crabsticks, and mussel samples were homogenized and incubated according to the Food and Drug Administration Bacteriological Analytical Manual culture protocol. Three sets of primers and a TaqMan probe were designed to target the tdh, trh, and tlh genes and used for real-time PCR. This study was successful in isolating V. parahaemolyticus from a mussel sample and detecting two of its genes (tdh and tlh) in food and pure culture by real-time PCR.


Asunto(s)
Proteínas Bacterianas , Bivalvos/microbiología , Proteínas Hemolisinas/aislamiento & purificación , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa/métodos , Mariscos/microbiología , Vibrio parahaemolyticus/metabolismo , Animales , Recuento de Colonia Microbiana , ADN Bacteriano/análisis , Brotes de Enfermedades , Microbiología de Alimentos , Proteínas Hemolisinas/genética , Calor , Humanos , Vibriosis/microbiología , Vibrio parahaemolyticus/aislamiento & purificación
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